本文關(guān)鍵詞： 產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) 水環(huán)境效應(yīng) 時(shí)空研究 洱海流域　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與區(qū)域環(huán)境之間存在著強(qiáng)烈的互動(dòng)關(guān)系,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的組合類(lèi)型和強(qiáng)度在很大程度上決定了對(duì)環(huán)境的壓力,環(huán)境則通過(guò)環(huán)境承載力對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展起到制約作用。而自上世紀(jì)30年代以來(lái)工業(yè)化的快速推進(jìn),尤其是產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的畸形發(fā)展,致使環(huán)境日益惡化,生態(tài)漸次失調(diào)。我國(guó)的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)水平落后于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)體系健全�？傊�,隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展及生產(chǎn)方式的快速轉(zhuǎn)變,人類(lèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)和水環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系越來(lái)越密切。從時(shí)間維度和空間維度研究產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的水環(huán)境污染效應(yīng)有利于促進(jìn)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和水環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。本文以洱海流域?yàn)槔?分別從時(shí)間和空間維度分析了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的水環(huán)境污染效應(yīng)。時(shí)間維度,主要分析產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演進(jìn)的水環(huán)境污染效應(yīng)及水環(huán)境污染效應(yīng)的時(shí)滯。在總體分析產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與水環(huán)境質(zhì)量間的影響機(jī)制基礎(chǔ)之上,利用典型相關(guān)和時(shí)間序列方法分析流域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演變的水環(huán)境效應(yīng),得出了第一產(chǎn)業(yè)和第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展加重了水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,第二產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展減輕了水體有機(jī)物污染和富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,同時(shí)采用協(xié)整方法表明洱海流域三次產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與水環(huán)境間的關(guān)系是長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的：然后通過(guò)Moore值和灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析方法得出流域水污染物結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)滯后于產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,滯后時(shí)間為10年,但也存在滯后時(shí)間為3年的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整效應(yīng)發(fā)揮較充分的狀態(tài)�？臻g維度,則是考察洱海流域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)污染負(fù)荷的水環(huán)境空間效應(yīng)。在綜合分析區(qū)域水環(huán)境污染和流域三次產(chǎn)業(yè)污染的空間分布特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)選取與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)污染有一定關(guān)聯(lián)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、產(chǎn)業(yè)與水環(huán)境因子,構(gòu)建全面反映產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的水環(huán)境污染負(fù)荷指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)體系,采用GIS信息技術(shù)與主成分分析方法相結(jié)合,基于主成分載荷對(duì)三個(gè)水環(huán)境污染影響因子的貢獻(xiàn)率進(jìn)行解析,得出了農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染仍然是流域水環(huán)境污染最大影響因素、工業(yè)點(diǎn)源污染其次、旅游業(yè)污染最后的結(jié)論,同時(shí)對(duì)三次產(chǎn)業(yè)的污染等級(jí)分區(qū),并詳細(xì)地分析了各區(qū)空間分布的特點(diǎn),然后研究了流域水環(huán)境污染的空間分布特點(diǎn),認(rèn)為洱海北部(洱源縣大部分)水污染影響最高,洱海南部水污染影響其次,洱海東部與西部水污染影響最低。在實(shí)證分析的基礎(chǔ)上,為有效地控制流域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的水環(huán)境污染,結(jié)合時(shí)間和空間角度綜合提出了在流域內(nèi)整合產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化布局的政策建議。
[Abstract]:There is a strong interaction between the industrial structure and the regional environment. The combination type and intensity of the industrial structure determine the pressure on the environment to a great extent. Since -70s, the rapid development of industrialization, especially the abnormal development of industrial structure, has led to the worsening of the environment. The level of ecological civilization construction in China lags behind the economic development and the sound social system. In a word, with the rapid development of social economy, science and technology and the rapid transformation of production mode. The relationship between human economic activities and water environment is more and more close. The study of water environment pollution effect of industrial structure from the dimension of time and space is beneficial to promote the harmonious development of social economy and water environment. Watershed as an example. Respectively from the time and space dimensions of the industrial structure of water pollution effects. Time dimension. On the basis of the overall analysis of the influence mechanism between the industrial structure and the water environment quality, this paper mainly analyzes the water environment pollution effect and the water environment pollution effect of the industrial structure evolution. By using canonical correlation and time series method, the effects of water environment on the evolution of watershed industrial structure were analyzed, and it was concluded that the development of primary industry and tertiary industry aggravated eutrophication of water body. The development of secondary industry alleviates organic pollution and eutrophication of water body. At the same time, the cointegration method is used to show that the relationship between the tertiary industrial structure and the water environment in Erhai Lake Basin is stable for a long time. Then through the Moore value and the grey correlation analysis method, it is concluded that the change of water pollutant structure in the basin lags behind the adjustment of industrial structure. The lag time is 10 years, but there is also the industrial structure adjustment effect with the lag time of 3 years to give full play to the state. Spatial dimension. On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of regional water environmental pollution and the third industrial pollution of the basin, the paper investigates the spatial effect of industrial structure pollution load in Erhai River Basin. By selecting the factors of economy, industry and water environment which are related to industrial structure pollution, the evaluation system of water environmental pollution load index is constructed. GIS information technology and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the contribution rate of three water pollution factors based on principal component load. It is concluded that agricultural non-point source pollution is still the biggest influencing factor of water environment pollution, industrial point source pollution is next, tourism pollution is the last conclusion, at the same time, the pollution grade of three industries is divided. The characteristics of spatial distribution of each area are analyzed in detail, and then the spatial distribution characteristics of water environmental pollution in the basin are studied. It is considered that the water pollution in the north of Erhai Lake (most of Eryuan County) has the highest impact on water pollution. The influence of water pollution in the south of Erhai Lake is the second, the water pollution in the east and west of Erhai Lake is the lowest. On the basis of empirical analysis, the water environment pollution of the industrial structure of the basin can be effectively controlled. Combined with time and space, the policy suggestions of integrating industrial structure adjustment and industrial layout optimization in watershed are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X52;X22;F127

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