本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析（DEA）的中國省際生態(tài)效率研究　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析 經(jīng)濟(jì)效率 環(huán)境效率 生態(tài)效率 效率分解

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟(jì)在改革開放后快速發(fā)展,取得了驕人的成績。在經(jīng)濟(jì)體量不斷增大的情況下,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展目前已步入新常態(tài),進(jìn)入中高速發(fā)展新階段。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的背后是過多的人力、資本能要素投入,產(chǎn)出效率與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比還存在很大的差距。同時(shí)作為目前全球最大的能源消費(fèi)國和二氧化碳排放國,中國肩負(fù)節(jié)能減排的重大任務(wù)。效率評(píng)價(jià)理論由來已久,從傳統(tǒng)的專家評(píng)價(jià)法到一些統(tǒng)計(jì)和運(yùn)籌學(xué)的方法,如數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)等,都在效率評(píng)價(jià)方面得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。DEA方法的一些顯著特點(diǎn)使其在相對(duì)效率評(píng)價(jià)領(lǐng)域備受推崇。過去應(yīng)用DEA方法對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效率、環(huán)境效率和生態(tài)效率進(jìn)行分析的研究主要是在單獨(dú)的模型中對(duì)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)、環(huán)境表現(xiàn)或者其綜合表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行刻畫,孤立地看待他們。本文出于將三者有機(jī)聯(lián)系起來的考慮,并基于修改后的方向性距離函數(shù),提出了一個(gè)整合DEA模型,該模型允許期望產(chǎn)出和非期望產(chǎn)出同時(shí)但不同比例的增減,從而使生態(tài)效率、經(jīng)濟(jì)效率和環(huán)境效率納入同一個(gè)模型下分析。具體來說,生態(tài)效率刻畫了生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)在經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境方面的綜合表現(xiàn),而我們利用提出的整合模型將生態(tài)效率分解為兩個(gè)部分,一部分刻畫獲取經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的能力,稱為經(jīng)濟(jì)效率,另一部分刻畫控制污染物排放的能力,稱為環(huán)境效率。分解的好處是可以探查生態(tài)效率低的根源從而更有效的提出對(duì)策。文章以中國30個(gè)省份為樣本進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究。研究結(jié)果顯示,在傳統(tǒng)模型中,中國東部的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率、環(huán)境效率和生態(tài)效率高于中西部地區(qū),南方高于北方,并且東、中、西部以及南北方的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率、環(huán)境效率和生態(tài)效率均在一定顯著性水平存在差異。在整合模型中,中國東部的環(huán)境效率和生態(tài)效率顯著高于中西部,但是經(jīng)濟(jì)效率卻沒有這個(gè)特點(diǎn)。南方和北方也是如此。另外通過分解可以發(fā)現(xiàn),全國各省的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率普遍都很高,而環(huán)境效率則分布相對(duì)均勻,這說明了環(huán)境效率低是導(dǎo)致生態(tài)效率低的主因。同時(shí)通過視窗分析發(fā)現(xiàn)2008-2014年間各個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率并未發(fā)生較大變化,但是各地的環(huán)境效率在逐步提高。最后,我們?cè)谘芯拷Y(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上提出了一些提高生態(tài)水平的建議。
[Abstract]:China's economy has developed rapidly after the reform and opening up, and has made remarkable achievements. With the increasing economic volume, China's economic development has now entered a new normal. China has entered a new stage of rapid development. Behind the development of China's economy is too much manpower and capital input. There is still a big gap between the output efficiency and developed countries. As the largest energy consumer and carbon dioxide emitter in the world, China shoulders the important task of energy saving and emission reduction. Efficiency evaluation theory has a long history. From the traditional expert evaluation method to some statistical and operational research methods, such as data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), data Envelopment Analysis (DEAA) and so on. Both of them have been widely used in efficiency evaluation. The DEA method has been widely used in the field of relative efficiency evaluation. In the past, it has been widely used in the field of economic efficiency. The analysis of environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency is mainly to describe the economic performance, environmental performance or comprehensive performance of production activities in a single model. This paper presents an integrated DEA model based on the modified directional distance function. The model allows expected output and non-expected output to increase or decrease simultaneously but in different proportions, so that ecological efficiency, economic efficiency and environmental efficiency can be analyzed under the same model. Ecological efficiency describes the comprehensive performance of production activities in the economic and environmental aspects, and we use the proposed integration model to decompose the ecological efficiency into two parts, one part describes the ability to obtain economic benefits. Called economic efficiency, another part describes the ability to control pollutant emissions. Called environmental efficiency. The advantage of decomposition is to explore the root causes of low ecological efficiency so as to put forward more effective countermeasures. This paper takes 30 provinces of China as a sample to conduct empirical research. The results show that. In the traditional model, the economic efficiency, environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency in the east of China are higher than those in the central and western regions, and the economic efficiency in the south is higher than that in the north, and in the east, the middle, the west and the south and the north. In the integration model, the environmental efficiency and ecological efficiency in eastern China are significantly higher than those in the central and western regions. But the economic efficiency does not have this characteristic. The south and the north are also the same. In addition, it can be found that the economic efficiency of all provinces is very high, while the environmental efficiency is relatively uniform. This shows that the environmental inefficiency is the main cause of ecological inefficiency. Meanwhile, through the window analysis, it is found that the economic efficiency of each region has not changed greatly during the period of 2008-2014. But the environmental efficiency is improving gradually. Finally, we put forward some suggestions to improve the ecological level on the basis of the research results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F224;F124;F205

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