本文關(guān)鍵詞：中印兩國對外直接投資比較研究　出處：《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：對外直接投資是一個國家參與國際分工的重要形式，在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，全球?qū)ν庵苯油顿Y規(guī)模不斷擴大。近年來，發(fā)展中國家對外直接投資發(fā)展迅速，受到廣泛的關(guān)注。中印兩國作為世界兩大重要經(jīng)濟體，在世界經(jīng)濟中發(fā)揮著重要作用，兩國同為發(fā)展中國家，并且都是人口大國，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有一定的相似性，因而對外直接投資的發(fā)展具有可比性。兩國對外直接投資發(fā)展迅速，投資規(guī)模不斷擴大，但在投資行業(yè)、投資區(qū)位選擇、投資主體以及投資績效方面存在差異。印度在投資行業(yè)、區(qū)位選擇以及投資主體方面具有優(yōu)勢，表現(xiàn)為對高新技術(shù)投資發(fā)展迅速，對發(fā)達國家投資的比重較大，私營企業(yè)在對外直接投資中占據(jù)重要地位，這都是值得我們借鑒和學習的地方。 縱向來看，我國對外直接投資的流量和存量都處于不斷上升趨勢，其發(fā)展取得了很大的成就。但從總體規(guī)模上看，與發(fā)達國家還存在很大差距，同時存在對外直接投資區(qū)域過于集中、私營企業(yè)在對外直接投資中所占份額較低、投資績效不佳等問題。本文采用對比研究、理論研究與實證研究相結(jié)合的方法對中印兩國對外直接投資的特點進行比較，并分析對外直接投資的經(jīng)濟效應(yīng)，總結(jié)我國在對外直接投資方面存在的不足以及印度在投資方面的優(yōu)勢，從而為我國對外直接投資提供合理化建議。我國應(yīng)該加強對對外直接投資的政策扶持，調(diào)整投資的行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，，培養(yǎng)國際化人才，善于利用自身比較優(yōu)勢，不斷提高對外直接投資的績效，加強對外直接投資對經(jīng)濟的促進作用。因此，對兩國對外直接投資進行比較研究具有重要意義。 本文首先介紹了研究的背景和意義，確定選題的價值。通過閱讀大量文獻，了解國內(nèi)外學者對于中國和印度對外直接投資的研究現(xiàn)狀以及對外直接投資的理論基礎(chǔ)，從而為兩國進行對外直接投資的原因做出解釋。然后運用比較研究法對中印兩國對外直接投資的特點進行比較，包括發(fā)展歷史、投資規(guī)模、投資行業(yè)、區(qū)位選擇、投資主體、投資方式，總結(jié)出相同點和差異：兩國對外直接投資都發(fā)展迅速，但與發(fā)達國家相比還存在很大差距，且與其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平不符；與中國相比，印度對軟件、制藥等高科技行業(yè)的投資比重更大，且對發(fā)達國家的投資比重大；國有企業(yè)在中國對外直接投資中占主導，而印度的對外直接投資以私營企業(yè)為主；跨國并購逐漸成為對外直接投資的主要方式。接下來運用鄧寧的對外直接投資發(fā)展周期理論，判斷兩國對外直接投資所處的階段，結(jié)果表明根據(jù)該理論得出的中國對外直接投資應(yīng)處的階段與實際不符；借助計量軟件，利用時間序列數(shù)據(jù)，通過單位根檢驗、協(xié)整檢驗、誤差修正模型和格蘭杰因果檢驗研究兩國對外直接投資對宏觀經(jīng)濟的影響。最后，總結(jié)我國對外直接投資存在的問題，借鑒印度的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗，提出進一步促進我國對外直接投資發(fā)展的建議：政府要對對外直接投資進行積極引導，在政策和資金方面進行支持；調(diào)整對外直接投資的行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和區(qū)位分布，使對外直接投資能有效地促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，促進技術(shù)及管理水平的提高，拉動國內(nèi)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展；要注重對國際化人才的培養(yǎng)，為企業(yè)的海外投資儲備人才；注重對東道國投資環(huán)境的考察，不能盲目進行擴張，要結(jié)合企業(yè)自身的需要，從而提高對外直接投資的效益。
[Abstract]:Foreign direct investment is an important form of a country participating in international division of labor, plays an important role in economic development. With the development of economy, global foreign direct investment scale is continually expanding. In recent years, the rapid development of foreign direct investment in developing countries, received extensive attention. China and India as the world's two major economies, plays an important role in the world economy, the two countries with the developing countries, and has a large population, economic development has a certain similarity, which is comparable to that of the development of foreign direct investment. China's foreign direct investment has developed rapidly, expanding the scale of investment, but investment in the industry, the choice of investment location, investment subject and investment performance differences. India in the investment industry, has the advantage of location selection and investment, for the rapid development of high-tech investment in developed. The proportion of the state investment is large, and the private enterprise occupies an important position in the foreign direct investment, which is all the place for us to learn from and learn.
The vertical perspective, China's foreign direct investment flows and stocks are in a rising trend, its development has made great achievements. But from the overall scale, there is a big gap with the developed countries, and foreign direct investment area is too concentrated, private enterprises in foreign direct investment in the low share of problems, the investment performance is poor. Comparative study on the comparison of characteristics of theoretical research and empirical research method of combining the India and China foreign direct investment, and analyses the economic effects of foreign direct investment, summarizes our country existing foreign direct investment in India and the shortage of advantages in terms of investment, so as to provide reasonable suggestions for China's foreign direct investment. China should strengthen the foreign direct investment policy support, industry restructuring investment, cultivate international talents, to use their own good Therefore, it is of great significance to make a comparative study of the two countries' outward FDI.
This paper firstly introduces the background and significance of the study, to determine the value of the topic. By reading a lot of literature, understanding of domestic and foreign scholars research status China and India foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment theory, so as to conduct foreign direct investment between the two countries. Then explain the characteristics of using the method of comparative study of China and India foreign direct investment are compared, including development history, investment scale, investment industry, location choice, the main body of investment, investment, summed up the similarities and differences between the two countries: foreign direct investment has developed rapidly, but compared with the developed countries there is still a big gap, and the level of economic development is inconsistent; and Chinese compared to India the proportion of software, pharmaceuticals and other high-tech industries greater investment, and investments in developed countries than the major state-owned enterprises in Chinese; foreign direct investment accounted for The dominant, while foreign direct investment in India is dominated by private enterprises; transnational merger and acquisition has gradually become the main mode of foreign direct investment. Then the use of foreign direct investment in the development of the Denning cycle theory, the judgment of the foreign direct investment of the stage, results show that according to the theory of foreign direct investment Chinese shall be inconsistent with the actual stage with the help of; the measurement software, using time series data, through the unit root test, cointegration test, error correction model and Granger causality test on Grainger effect of the foreign direct investment on the macro economy. Finally, summarize the existing problems of China's foreign direct investment, drawing on the experience of India, proposed to further promote the development of China's foreign direct investment recommendations: the government should actively guide the foreign direct investment and support in terms of policy and funding; the adjustment of foreign direct investment The industry structure and regional distribution of resources, so that foreign direct investment can effectively promote the adjustment of industrial structure, promote the technical and management level, stimulating the development of related domestic industries; to focus on the cultivation of international talents for enterprises, overseas investment reserve talents; focus on the investment environment of the host country, not blindly expansion, according to the needs of the enterprise itself, so as to improve the efficiency of foreign direct investment.

【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F125.5;F135.1

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本文編號：1395573