克山縣農(nóng)村飲水水質(zhì)評價及其地下水埋深動態(tài)預(yù)測
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 08:46
【摘要】：水是人類賴以生存不可缺少的資源,安全可靠的飲用水直接關(guān)系著國民群眾的身體健康和生活質(zhì)量。由于我國資源和人口數(shù)量不均衡加之管理不得當(dāng),導(dǎo)致了大量的淡水資源污染、浪費(fèi)、開采過度等一系列問題日益嚴(yán)重,飲水安全面臨威脅,尤其是偏遠(yuǎn)落后的農(nóng)村,飲水安全問題十分突出。為了保障農(nóng)村群眾飲水安全,維護(hù)人群生命健康,促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,我國在全國范圍內(nèi)先后興建了大大小小的飲水安全工程,改善了當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村居民飲水條件,提高了農(nóng)村居民的生活水平。然而飲水安全工程在某一地區(qū)的興建是否可行需要大量的參考,因此調(diào)查研究黑龍江省克山縣農(nóng)村飲水安全工程勢在必行。本文通過調(diào)查分析,成果如下： (1)通過整理分析克山縣地表水資源、地下水資源以及水資源開發(fā)利用現(xiàn)狀,得出克山縣古城鎮(zhèn)居民飲用水容易誘發(fā)地方病,飲水不便攜等問題,制約了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。為了保障農(nóng)民群眾身心健康,促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,落實(shí)國家解決農(nóng)村飲水安全問題的總體要求和黑龍江省水利廳的意見精神,因此修建集中式供水工程勢在必行。 (2)針對水樣檢測,結(jié)果顯示：古城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)地表水為IV類水體,其中有機(jī)物含量超標(biāo),鐵錳含量也嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)。運(yùn)用單因子評價法、F值評分法和模糊綜合評價法對地下水水質(zhì)進(jìn)行評價,結(jié)果表明只要適當(dāng)處理超標(biāo)大腸桿菌菌群,地下水水質(zhì)條件就能滿足集中供水工程飲水安全條件。由于地表水水質(zhì)條件不滿足農(nóng)村飲水安全的要求加之工程投資過高、凈水工藝?yán)щy。因此選擇水質(zhì)良好、水量穩(wěn)定、造價低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)的地下水作為飲水源。 (3)深入調(diào)查并收集自2000～2010年2號長觀井逐月地下水埋深原始數(shù)據(jù),參考大量文獻(xiàn),采用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、時間序列分析法,建立相應(yīng)地下水埋深動態(tài)預(yù)測模型,對地下水埋深進(jìn)行擬合和預(yù)測。結(jié)果表明：擬合精度和預(yù)測精度較高,兩種方法共同揭示了該地區(qū)地下水動態(tài)變化規(guī)律即地下水年際變化呈穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),未來三年內(nèi)略有回升,從水位動態(tài)角度考慮此區(qū)域水量有保證。 (4)本文主要從地下水水位和水質(zhì)角度進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明此區(qū)域作為水源地比較合理。為工程科學(xué)合理地建設(shè)提供理論依據(jù),說明工程建設(shè)具有可行性。 (5)針對多數(shù)農(nóng)村飲水安全存在的問題,為避免此區(qū)域集中式飲水安全工程發(fā)生不良安全隱患,促進(jìn)地下水和經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,提出克山縣農(nóng)村飲水安全相關(guān)措施,為此區(qū)域飲水安全工程管理提供參照。
[Abstract]:Water is an indispensable resource for human survival. Safe and reliable drinking water is directly related to the people's health and quality of life. Due to the imbalance of resources and population and the improper management of our country, a series of problems, such as pollution, waste and over-exploitation of freshwater resources, are becoming more and more serious, and the safety of drinking water is threatened, especially in the remote and backward rural areas. The problem of drinking water safety is very prominent. In order to ensure the safety of drinking water for rural people, safeguard their lives and health, and promote regional economic development, China has successively built large and small drinking water safety projects throughout the country, which have improved the drinking water conditions of local rural residents. The living standards of rural residents have been raised. However, the construction of drinking water safety project in a certain area needs a lot of reference, so it is imperative to investigate and study the rural drinking water safety project in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province. Through investigation and analysis, the results are as follows: (1) through the analysis of the current situation of surface water resources, groundwater resources and water resources exploitation and utilization in Keshan County, it is concluded that drinking water of ancient towns in Keshan County is prone to lead to endemic diseases. Water is not portable and other issues, restricting economic development. In order to ensure the physical and mental health of the peasants, to promote the rapid development of regional economy, and to implement the general requirements of the state to solve the problem of drinking water security in rural areas and the opinion spirit of the Heilongjiang Provincial Water Conservancy Department, Therefore, it is imperative to build a centralized water supply project. (2) according to water sample detection, the results show that the surface water in ancient towns is IV water body, in which the content of organic matter exceeds the standard, and the content of iron and manganese exceeds the standard seriously. Single factor evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to evaluate the groundwater quality. The results show that the groundwater quality conditions can meet the drinking water safety conditions of the centralized water supply project as long as the bacteria colony of Escherichia coli is properly treated. Water purification process is difficult because the surface water quality does not meet the requirements of drinking water safety in rural areas and the project investment is too high. Therefore, the groundwater which has the advantages of good water quality, stable water quantity and low cost is selected as the drinking water source. (3) the original data of groundwater burial depth of Changguan well from 2000 to 2010 are investigated and collected month by month, with a large number of references. Using BP neural network and time series analysis method, the dynamic prediction model of groundwater depth is established, and the groundwater depth is fitted and predicted. The results show that the fitting accuracy and prediction accuracy are high. The two methods reveal the dynamic variation of groundwater in this area, that is, the interannual variation of groundwater shows a stable state, and it will recover slightly in the next three years. Considering the water level dynamics, the quantity of water in this area is guaranteed. (4) this paper mainly analyzes the groundwater level and water quality, and the results show that the area is more reasonable as a source of water. It provides theoretical basis for scientific and reasonable construction of engineering and explains the feasibility of engineering construction. (5) aiming at the problems of drinking water safety in most rural areas, in order to avoid the potential safety problems of centralized drinking water safety projects in this area, In order to promote the sustainable development of groundwater and economy, the relevant measures of drinking water safety in rural areas of Keshan County are put forward, and the reference for the project management of drinking water safety in this area is provided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X824;P641.7
本文編號：2245336
[Abstract]:Water is an indispensable resource for human survival. Safe and reliable drinking water is directly related to the people's health and quality of life. Due to the imbalance of resources and population and the improper management of our country, a series of problems, such as pollution, waste and over-exploitation of freshwater resources, are becoming more and more serious, and the safety of drinking water is threatened, especially in the remote and backward rural areas. The problem of drinking water safety is very prominent. In order to ensure the safety of drinking water for rural people, safeguard their lives and health, and promote regional economic development, China has successively built large and small drinking water safety projects throughout the country, which have improved the drinking water conditions of local rural residents. The living standards of rural residents have been raised. However, the construction of drinking water safety project in a certain area needs a lot of reference, so it is imperative to investigate and study the rural drinking water safety project in Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province. Through investigation and analysis, the results are as follows: (1) through the analysis of the current situation of surface water resources, groundwater resources and water resources exploitation and utilization in Keshan County, it is concluded that drinking water of ancient towns in Keshan County is prone to lead to endemic diseases. Water is not portable and other issues, restricting economic development. In order to ensure the physical and mental health of the peasants, to promote the rapid development of regional economy, and to implement the general requirements of the state to solve the problem of drinking water security in rural areas and the opinion spirit of the Heilongjiang Provincial Water Conservancy Department, Therefore, it is imperative to build a centralized water supply project. (2) according to water sample detection, the results show that the surface water in ancient towns is IV water body, in which the content of organic matter exceeds the standard, and the content of iron and manganese exceeds the standard seriously. Single factor evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to evaluate the groundwater quality. The results show that the groundwater quality conditions can meet the drinking water safety conditions of the centralized water supply project as long as the bacteria colony of Escherichia coli is properly treated. Water purification process is difficult because the surface water quality does not meet the requirements of drinking water safety in rural areas and the project investment is too high. Therefore, the groundwater which has the advantages of good water quality, stable water quantity and low cost is selected as the drinking water source. (3) the original data of groundwater burial depth of Changguan well from 2000 to 2010 are investigated and collected month by month, with a large number of references. Using BP neural network and time series analysis method, the dynamic prediction model of groundwater depth is established, and the groundwater depth is fitted and predicted. The results show that the fitting accuracy and prediction accuracy are high. The two methods reveal the dynamic variation of groundwater in this area, that is, the interannual variation of groundwater shows a stable state, and it will recover slightly in the next three years. Considering the water level dynamics, the quantity of water in this area is guaranteed. (4) this paper mainly analyzes the groundwater level and water quality, and the results show that the area is more reasonable as a source of water. It provides theoretical basis for scientific and reasonable construction of engineering and explains the feasibility of engineering construction. (5) aiming at the problems of drinking water safety in most rural areas, in order to avoid the potential safety problems of centralized drinking water safety projects in this area, In order to promote the sustainable development of groundwater and economy, the relevant measures of drinking water safety in rural areas of Keshan County are put forward, and the reference for the project management of drinking water safety in this area is provided.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X824;P641.7
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