發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 14:50

【摘要】：十二五期間我國(guó)處于一個(gè)高速發(fā)展的沖刺期,在十二五期間各行各業(yè)得到了很大的發(fā)展,以城市建設(shè)為主的城鎮(zhèn)化工作的推進(jìn)對(duì)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)的帶動(dòng)以及對(duì)內(nèi)需的拉動(dòng)尤為明顯,中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院7月30日發(fā)布的2013《城市藍(lán)皮書(shū)》認(rèn)為,中國(guó)真實(shí)的完全城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)42.2%。預(yù)計(jì),到2030年前全國(guó)大約有3.9億農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口需要實(shí)現(xiàn)市民化,其中存量約1.9億,增量達(dá)2億多。隨著城市不斷擴(kuò)張,城市功能性不斷增強(qiáng)的同時(shí),城市發(fā)展對(duì)土地的需求量也不斷增加。城市土地供應(yīng)主要以?xún)深?lèi)為主,一是對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部以及農(nóng)用地的征用,二是舊城區(qū)、棚戶(hù)區(qū)改造中的征地動(dòng)遷。所以城市土地的征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償工作是個(gè)關(guān)系到國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展以及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重大現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。近些年來(lái)隨著城市在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的核心地位不斷增強(qiáng),城市建設(shè)的規(guī)模、力度、速度也不斷擴(kuò)張,拆遷規(guī)模隨之急劇膨脹,在以地方政府主導(dǎo)的土地征收動(dòng)遷過(guò)程中暴露出來(lái)的利益沖矛盾致使暴力沖突事件日益突出和激烈,并引發(fā)全民性的關(guān)注和成為社會(huì)各界討論的焦點(diǎn)。如何化解城市發(fā)展過(guò)程中土地征收動(dòng)遷工作存在的問(wèn)題和矛盾是保證經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)工作。 本文選取以遼寧為主的等其他一些省份的城市發(fā)展中所涉及的土地問(wèn)題和房屋拆遷的典型案例作為研究對(duì)象。主要以理論研究和實(shí)踐成果為基礎(chǔ),回顧了我國(guó)土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償制度和政策的演變過(guò)程,歸納出我國(guó)土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償?shù)膸讉�(gè)特殊階段；通過(guò)實(shí)地調(diào)研,整理了現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償中存在的問(wèn)題和一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn),結(jié)合幾個(gè)典型國(guó)家和地區(qū)的的土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償?shù)幕厩闆r和一些開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的做法,對(duì)比了德國(guó)日本以及臺(tái)灣等幾個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)相關(guān)政策和辦法,得出一些合適我國(guó)國(guó)情的有借鑒意義的經(jīng)驗(yàn)舉措,并且在分析了土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償中的三大利益關(guān)系主體以及其利益訴求基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)補(bǔ)償貨幣化的量化方法,采用博弈論理論建立模型來(lái)分析討論補(bǔ)償政策、補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定和達(dá)成搬遷協(xié)議的談判這兩個(gè)土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償過(guò)程中矛盾比較突出的階段,討論補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高和談判策略的選擇對(duì)達(dá)成搬遷協(xié)議的影響來(lái)推演出其中幾大利益主體的利益博弈和對(duì)土地征收動(dòng)遷工作成功率的影響。最后根據(jù)上述的分析研究得出政策建議,并提出進(jìn)行相關(guān)機(jī)制建設(shè)。 本文共分七個(gè)章節(jié),主要研究?jī)?nèi)容包括以下幾大部分： 第一部分,回顧了改革開(kāi)放二十多年來(lái),特別是進(jìn)入21世紀(jì),我國(guó)城市建設(shè)和房地產(chǎn)業(yè)都取得了巨大的成績(jī)。農(nóng)村土地的征收和舊城區(qū)房屋的征地動(dòng)遷作為城市建設(shè)和地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要部分,正在不斷地走向法制化、市場(chǎng)化、規(guī)范化的道路。 第二部分,通過(guò)實(shí)地調(diào)研,收集整理了城市土地征收動(dòng)遷補(bǔ)償過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn),拋開(kāi)國(guó)有土地和集體土地的界限,從城市發(fā)展和地方經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)入手,深入分析問(wèn)題的成因,以及產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理,提出拆遷問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生是利益矛盾的沖突和圍繞補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的利益分配不合理造成的。并為后文的利益博弈分析和最后政策建議及機(jī)制建設(shè)提供鋪墊。 第三部分,通過(guò)調(diào)查和查閱大量資料,比較詳細(xì)的介紹了幾個(gè)典型國(guó)家和地區(qū)的土地征用補(bǔ)償方面的基本情況,重點(diǎn)對(duì)這些國(guó)家和地區(qū)在征地補(bǔ)償范圍、補(bǔ)償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、支付方式以及征地動(dòng)遷的有關(guān)程序進(jìn)行了歸納,并提出了我們可以學(xué)習(xí)借鑒的相關(guān)方面內(nèi)容,同時(shí),對(duì)這幾個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的征地補(bǔ)償?shù)淖龇ㄟM(jìn)行了比較。 第四部分,通過(guò)實(shí)地調(diào)研和政策文獻(xiàn)研究,得出城市土地一級(jí)開(kāi)發(fā)經(jīng)歷的主要程序和階段,提出其中涉及的三大利益主體,以及利益矛盾最突出的兩個(gè)階段。運(yùn)用博弈論的研究方法,對(duì)上述兩個(gè)階段建立博弈模型進(jìn)行分析,通過(guò)分析其中的博弈關(guān)系和規(guī)律,在分析當(dāng)前一些現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上提出相關(guān)的有借鑒意義的政策建議。 第五部分,主要是針對(duì)土地征收補(bǔ)償過(guò)程中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)和發(fā)生的問(wèn)題,從完善法律法規(guī)、政策措施、體系建設(shè)、制度完善、監(jiān)督機(jī)制建立、操作方式方法、政府行為、群眾工作等面提出了相關(guān)對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China is in a period of rapid development. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, all walks of life have made great progress. The promotion of urbanization, with urban construction as the main part, has greatly promoted the local economy and the domestic demand. According to the Blue Book of the City issued by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on July 30, China is really a country. The total urbanization rate is 42.2%. It is estimated that about 390 million rural migrants will need to be citizenized by 2030, of which about 190 million will be in stock, with an increase of more than 200 million. The first is the expropriation of rural-urban fringe and agricultural land, and the second is the expropriation and relocation of land in the transformation of old urban areas and shanty towns. The scale of demolition and relocation is expanding rapidly. The conflicts of interests exposed in the process of land expropriation and relocation led by the local government lead to the increasingly prominent and intense violent conflicts, which arouse the concern of the whole people and become the focus of discussion in the community. How to resolve the problems and contradictions of land expropriation and relocation in the process of urban development is the key work to ensure sound and rapid economic development.
This paper selects the typical cases of land issues and housing demolition involved in the urban development of Liaoning and other provinces as the research object. Based on the theoretical research and practical results, this paper reviews the evolution of the compensation system and policy for land expropriation and relocation in China, and concludes the compensation for land expropriation and relocation in China. Several special stages; through on-the-spot investigation, this paper sorted out the existing problems and some risk points of land expropriation and relocation compensation in China at this stage, combined with the basic situation of land expropriation and relocation compensation in several typical countries and regions and some pioneering practices, and compared the relevancy compensation in Germany, Japan and Taiwan and other countries and regions. Based on the analysis of the three main interest-related subjects and their interest demands in land expropriation and relocation compensation, this paper uses the quantitative method of compensation monetization and game theory to establish a model to analyze and discuss the compensation policy and compensation standard system. Negotiation of reaching a relocation agreement is a contradictory stage in the process of compensation for land expropriation and relocation. This paper discusses the influence of the improvement of compensation standards and the choice of negotiation strategies on reaching a relocation agreement to deduce the interest game of several major stakeholders and the influence on the success rate of land expropriation and relocation. The analysis and research draw policy recommendations, and put forward related mechanism construction.
This paper is divided into seven chapters. The main contents are as follows:
The first part reviews the achievements of urban construction and real estate industry in our country in the past 20 years of reform and opening up, especially in the 21st century. As an important part of urban construction and local economic development, rural land expropriation and old urban housing expropriation and relocation are moving towards legalization, marketization and standardization. Road.
The second part, through on-the-spot investigation, collects and collates the existing problems and risk points in the process of compensation for urban land expropriation and relocation, throws aside the boundaries between state-owned land and collective land, proceeds from urban development and local economic construction, analyzes the causes of the problems, as well as the mechanism, and points out that the problem of demolition and relocation is a contradiction of interests. Conflicts and unreasonable distribution of benefits around compensation criteria are the main causes of the conflicts, which pave the way for the benefit game analysis and the final policy recommendations and mechanism construction.
In the third part, by investigating and consulting a great deal of data, the author introduces in detail the basic situation of land expropriation compensation in several typical countries and regions, and mainly summarizes the scope of land expropriation compensation, compensation standards, payment methods and relevant procedures of land expropriation and relocation in these countries and regions, and puts forward that we can learn from them. At the same time, the methods of land expropriation compensation in these countries and regions are compared.
The fourth part, through the field investigation and policy literature research, obtains the main procedures and stages of urban land primary development, puts forward the three main interests involved and the two most prominent stages of interest contradictions. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of some current phenomena, this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions.
The fifth part mainly aims at the problems that often occur in the process of land expropriation compensation, and puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions from perfecting laws and regulations, policies and measures, system construction, system perfection, supervision mechanism establishment, operation methods, government behavior and mass work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F301.2

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