本文選題：工業(yè) + 結(jié)構(gòu)性污染��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟高速增長的同時,大部分地區(qū)的環(huán)境資源也急劇惡化。環(huán)境污染不斷加重,多年來不斷誘發(fā)環(huán)境污染事件,土壤污染、空氣污染、河水及海洋污染、土地荒漠化、水資源短缺、生物多樣性銳減等環(huán)境問題日益嚴重。根據(jù)環(huán)境污染相關(guān)統(tǒng)計資料分析,我國50%以上的環(huán)境污染來自工業(yè)排放,工業(yè)污染源已經(jīng)是造成環(huán)境污染與生態(tài)破壞多重原因中的主要因數(shù)。同時,我國“十二五”規(guī)劃明文指把轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式作為區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的主攻方向,說明我國已經(jīng)從宏觀層面認識到了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性污染的嚴重性,在“十二五”期間,只有不斷優(yōu)化區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),才能從源頭解決區(qū)域存在的環(huán)境污染問題。所以,從區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)存在的特征著手,搞清楚區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)性污染現(xiàn)狀成為本次研究的主要方向。 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展必然給生態(tài)環(huán)境造成壓力,當(dāng)人類活動向環(huán)境排放了超過其自身凈化能力的污染物時環(huán)境問題隨之產(chǎn)生。當(dāng)環(huán)境問題逐漸顯現(xiàn),直到影響了人們生活和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的時候,往往才會注重環(huán)境保護,而此時環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)對經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了較大的阻礙。至此,人們意識到只有經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,才能使經(jīng)濟、社會又好又快的發(fā)展。要達到經(jīng)濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標,需要對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護之間的作用機理進行研究,與之相關(guān)的主要是區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、資源能源消耗以及環(huán)境污染等方面,而區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)又是研究這些方面的最好切入點,所以本次研究提出區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)性污染一詞來表示區(qū)域經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)中的某種結(jié)構(gòu)與環(huán)境污染的特征具有的相關(guān)性,即區(qū)域污染的狀況,如污染物的種類、產(chǎn)量、來源等與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)中的某種結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān),比如區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、消費結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)等,消費、產(chǎn)品都是在區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)形成之后才具有明顯的特征,不能直接說明區(qū)域污染與經(jīng)濟系統(tǒng)之間的關(guān)系。所以,研究區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)成為了解產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性污染最直接的方式。在本文初步研究過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)以工業(yè)為主的區(qū)域環(huán)境問題要嚴重于以其他產(chǎn)業(yè)為主導(dǎo)的區(qū)域,所本次論文方向為區(qū)域工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與環(huán)境污染之間的關(guān)系研究,即區(qū)域工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性污染。 通過調(diào)整區(qū)域工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)消減區(qū)域污染物來源,必然需要對區(qū)域的工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與環(huán)境污染進行深入研究分析,以期得出最優(yōu)的區(qū)域工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。本文首先通過對區(qū)域工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)進行整體的情況進行分析評價,得出區(qū)域工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)可能存在的高耗能及高污染情況；其次,通過進一步對區(qū)域工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)濟貢獻和污染排放進行多層次和多方位的研究,分析導(dǎo)致區(qū)域工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性污染存在的主要工業(yè)行業(yè)以及對能夠促進區(qū)域經(jīng)濟社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的工業(yè)行業(yè)有哪些,由此確定區(qū)域在發(fā)展過程中需要限制發(fā)展的行業(yè)及鼓勵發(fā)展的行業(yè)；最后,通過對限制行業(yè)企業(yè)固定資產(chǎn)投資額及污染排放強度進行進一步的擬合分析為區(qū)域制定限制行業(yè)市場準入條件的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策提供理論依據(jù)。所以本文從區(qū)域經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)中重要的工業(yè)行業(yè)生產(chǎn)帶來的經(jīng)濟貢獻和環(huán)境污染進行多層次和多方位的研究,針對區(qū)域存在的工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性污染問題,從污染的源頭及時理清阻礙區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主要工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè),徹底解決地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和環(huán)境污染之間存在矛盾。通過對連云港工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)進行研究,主要結(jié)論如下：①連云港市工業(yè)綜合綜合發(fā)展程度指數(shù)達到0.497,計算結(jié)果屬于綜合發(fā)展程度的較好等級,但與較差等級非常接近。說明連云港市工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)能夠達到合理水平,排污量較小的行業(yè)對區(qū)域經(jīng)濟有一定的貢獻,但是仍然存在部分行業(yè)污染問題較為突出,水耗、能耗大的行業(yè)仍占較大比例,必須進一步優(yōu)化區(qū)域工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)；②連云港市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的重點行業(yè)主要有化學(xué)原料及化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)、飲料制造業(yè)、化學(xué)纖維制造業(yè)、農(nóng)副食品加工業(yè)、黑色金屬冶煉及壓延加工業(yè)。鼓勵發(fā)展的行業(yè)主要包括金屬制品業(yè),電氣機械及器材制造業(yè),專用設(shè)備制造業(yè),通用設(shè)備制造業(yè),交通運輸設(shè)備制造業(yè),儀器儀表及文化、辦公用機械制造業(yè),電力、熱力的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè),醫(yī)藥行業(yè)等；③制定區(qū)域限制行業(yè)市場準入條件,化學(xué)原料及化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)區(qū)域準入條件為投資額(固定資產(chǎn))不少于15000萬元。
[Abstract]:At the same time of rapid economic growth, environmental resources in most areas have also deteriorated rapidly. Environmental pollution has been worsening. Environmental pollution incidents, soil pollution, air pollution, river and ocean pollution, land desertification, water shortage and the sharp decrease of biodiversity have become increasingly serious. According to the data analysis, more than 50% of the environmental pollution in China comes from industrial emission, and the source of industrial pollution is the main factor in the multiple causes of environmental pollution and ecological destruction. At the same time, the plan of "12th Five-Year" in China refers to changing the economic development mode as the main direction of regional industrial structure adjustment, which shows that China has been from the macro level. Facing the seriousness of industrial structural pollution, in the period of "12th Five-Year", only the continuous optimization of regional industrial structure can the problem of environmental pollution exist in the region from the source. Therefore, it is the main direction of this study to understand the status of regional structural pollution from the characteristics of the regional industrial structure.
Economic development will inevitably bring pressure to the ecological environment. Environmental problems arise when human activities discharge pollutants exceeding their own purification capacity. When environmental problems gradually appear, the environmental protection is often paid attention to when people's life and economic development are affected, and the environmental problems have already been to the economy and society at this time. At this point, people realize that only the coordinated development of the economy and the environment can make the economy and the society develop well and fast. To achieve the goal of sustainable economic and social development, we need to study the mechanism of the economic development and environmental protection, which is related mainly to the development of regional economy and resources. Energy consumption and environmental pollution and so on, and regional industrial structure is the best point to study these aspects. Therefore, this study puts forward the term of regional structural pollution to indicate the correlation between some structure of regional economic system and the characteristics of environmental pollution, that is, the situation of regional pollution, such as the species of pollutants, production, The source and so on is related to some structure in the regional economic system, such as regional industrial structure, consumption structure, product structure, consumption, and product all have obvious characteristics after the formation of regional industrial structure. It can not directly explain the relationship between regional pollution and economic system. Therefore, the study of regional industrial structure becomes an understanding of the industrial knot. During the preliminary study of this paper, we found that the regional environmental problems, which are mainly industrial, are serious in areas dominated by other industries. This paper is the study of the relationship between industrial structure and environmental pollution, that is, structural pollution of regional industrial industry.
By adjusting regional industrial industrial structure to reduce the source of regional pollutants, it is necessary to deeply study and analyze the industrial structure and environmental pollution in the region, in order to obtain the optimal industrial structure of regional industry. High energy consumption and high pollution situation, and secondly, through the further study of the regional industrial structure economic contribution and pollution discharge, the main industrial industries which lead to the regional industrial structural pollution and the industrial industries that can promote the development of regional economic and social coordination are analyzed. In the process of development, the region needs to restrict the development industry and encourage the development of the industry. Finally, through the further fitting analysis of the fixed assets investment and the pollution emission intensity of the limited industry enterprises, the paper provides the theoretical basis for the industrial policy to restrict the market access conditions of the industry. The economic contribution and environmental pollution brought by important industrial production and environmental pollution are studied at various levels and in various directions. In view of the structural pollution problems of the industrial industry in the region, the main industrial industries which obstruct the regional economic development from the source of the pollution are promptly cleared up, and the contradiction between the regional economic development and the environmental pollution is completely solved. After the study of Lianyungang industrial industry, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the industrial comprehensive comprehensive development index of Lianyungang has reached 0.497, and the result belongs to a better grade of comprehensive development, but it is very close to the poor grade. It shows that the industrial structure in Lianyungang can reach a reasonable level, and the industry with less discharge amount to the regional economy. It has some contribution, but there are still some industry pollution problems. The industry of water consumption and energy consumption still occupies a large proportion. It is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure of regional industry. Secondly, the key industries in the adjustment of industrial structure in Lianyungang are chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, beverage manufacturing, chemical fiber manufacturing. Industry, agricultural and sideline food processing industry, ferrous metal smelting and calendering industry. The industries that encourage development include metal products, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, general equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment manufacturing, instrumentation and culture, office machinery manufacturing, power, thermal production and supply. The pharmaceutical industry and so on; (3) to establish the market access conditions for regional restricted industry, and the area access conditions for chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry are not less than 150 million yuan (fixed assets).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X322

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