本文選題：整體卸荷式碼頭 + 土壓力計(jì)算　； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：港口是一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)對(duì)外開(kāi)放的窗口和橋梁，對(duì)于參與國(guó)際分工合作與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)是很重要的。作為三大碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)之一的板樁碼頭，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以在地基承載力較低的軟土地基上修建，可適當(dāng)減少土方工程量和施工圍堰困難等情況，但傳統(tǒng)的板樁碼頭不能滿足深水中對(duì)碼頭前板樁急劇增大的彎矩要求。因此需要提出能夠適應(yīng)深水化大型化發(fā)展的新型板樁碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)，整體卸荷式碼頭就是其中之一。整體卸荷板式碼頭可以有效減少前墻的土壓力，近年來(lái)正受到越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。該結(jié)構(gòu)型式也是板樁碼頭走向深水化、大型化的方向之一，并且在國(guó)外，尤其是歐洲國(guó)家是一種非常流行的結(jié)構(gòu)型式。 整體卸荷式板樁碼頭是一種在港口結(jié)構(gòu)、航道軟基支護(hù)工程中常用的較為新型的碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)，它是由前板樁墻、卸荷平臺(tái)和后排樁組成的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)型式，卸荷平臺(tái)將前墻和后排樁連接成一個(gè)整體，使得它有著比一般分離式卸荷碼頭更加穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)和更加復(fù)雜的受力變形影響因素。正是由于卸荷平臺(tái)的存在，使得承臺(tái)上方的荷載通過(guò)樁基直接傳遞到土體上，使后排樁受力增加，而前墻受到的側(cè)向土壓力大大減小。但卸荷式板樁擋土結(jié)構(gòu)不僅要承受較大的豎向荷載，而且還要約束土體的側(cè)向變形，受力非常復(fù)雜。目前，并無(wú)明確的計(jì)算方法以及相應(yīng)的力學(xué)特性分析。 本文總結(jié)了土壓力理論計(jì)算的發(fā)展、卸荷式板樁碼頭的土壓力計(jì)算以及結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算方法的現(xiàn)狀，，并結(jié)合巖土中普遍存在的卸荷土拱，利用卸荷拱理論和平行墻理論，推導(dǎo)出整體卸荷式板樁碼頭土壓力計(jì)算公式；另外對(duì)土體流變的基本理論做了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹，分析可知土體的蠕變對(duì)樁基的長(zhǎng)期變形和結(jié)構(gòu)的使用的有著顯著的影響。本文以青島市海鮮舫護(hù)岸工程為例，采用三維有限元數(shù)值模擬的辦法對(duì)其新型碼頭結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的計(jì)算和分析，并將結(jié)果與理論計(jì)算值做對(duì)比；同時(shí)，本文通過(guò)改變卸荷平臺(tái)后排樁與前墻的距離，從樁體位移和應(yīng)力方面研究其對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)工作性狀的影響，從而驗(yàn)證了該結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。
[Abstract]:Port is a window and bridge for a country or region to open to the outside world. As one of the three big wharf structures, the sheet pile wharf has the advantage that it can be built on the soft foundation with low foundation bearing capacity, and can reduce the amount of earthwork and the difficulty of construction cofferdam, etc. But the traditional plate pile wharf can not meet the demand of bending moment in deep water for the rapid increase of the plate pile in front of the wharf. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new type of plate pile wharf structure which can adapt to the large-scale development of deepwater, one of which is the integral unloading wharf. The integral unloading plate wharf can effectively reduce the earth pressure of the front wall, and has been more and more widely used in recent years. This type of structure is also one of the direction of deep water and large scale of sheet pile wharf, and it is a very popular structure type in foreign countries, especially in European countries. The integral unloading plate pile wharf is a relatively new type of wharf structure commonly used in port structure and waterway soft foundation support engineering. It is a complex structure type composed of front plate pile wall, unloading platform and rear row pile. The unloading platform connects the front wall and the back row pile into a whole, which makes it have a more stable foundation and more complicated forces and deformation factors than the common split unloading wharf. It is precisely because of the existence of unloading platform that the load above the cap is transferred directly to the soil through the pile foundation, which increases the force on the back row pile, while the lateral earth pressure on the front wall is greatly reduced. However, the unloading plate pile retaining structure not only bears large vertical load, but also constrains the lateral deformation of soil, so the force is very complex. At present, there is no clear calculation method and corresponding analysis of mechanical properties. This paper summarizes the development of earth pressure theory calculation, the present situation of earth pressure calculation and structure calculation methods of unloading plate pile wharf, and combines the unloading soil arch, the theory of unloading arch and the theory of parallel wall, which is widely existed in rock and soil, and makes use of the theory of unloading arch and the theory of parallel wall. The calculation formula of earth pressure of integral unloading plate pile wharf is deduced, and the basic theory of soil rheology is briefly introduced. The analysis shows that the creep of soil has a significant influence on the long-term deformation of pile foundation and the use of structure. In this paper, taking Qingdao Seafood Restaurant Bank Protection Project as an example, the three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation method is used to calculate and analyze the new wharf structure in detail, and the results are compared with the theoretical calculation values, at the same time, By changing the distance between the rear pile and the front wall of the unloading platform, the influence of the pile displacement and stress on the structural performance is studied in this paper, and the rationality of the structure design is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U656.112

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