本文選題：大氣污染 + 等標污染負荷　； 參考：《西南交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境統(tǒng)計是環(huán)境保護的基礎工作和重要組成部分,是做好各項環(huán)境管理工作的支撐。環(huán)境統(tǒng)計部門每年能采集到數(shù)以萬計的數(shù)據(jù),形成大量的報表。環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)作為系統(tǒng)、全面和延續(xù)性反映污染排放情況的法定數(shù)據(jù),一直為統(tǒng)計年鑒、環(huán)境公報的發(fā)布以及環(huán)境規(guī)劃、總量減排、社會經濟發(fā)展宏觀決策等工作提供基礎數(shù)據(jù)。但是環(huán)境統(tǒng)計工作的結果是數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)本身無法傳遞環(huán)境管理中所需的環(huán)境信息,只有通過統(tǒng)計分析,才能檢查環(huán)境管理效果,判斷環(huán)境形勢,監(jiān)督環(huán)保方針和法規(guī)的實施。本文以成都市環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)為基礎,從時空差異角度出發(fā),對區(qū)域內大氣污染物排放特征進行了分析,運用等標負荷污染法確定出大氣中主要污染因子、主要污染區(qū)域及主要污染行業(yè),并將經濟學領域評價收入公平性的基尼系數(shù)應用于大氣污染物總量分配中,對成都市大氣污染物總量控制和分配進行了研究,評價了各總量控制指標分配的公平性。目前,成都市大氣中的主要污染物是NOX和SO2,從2010年-2012年,這兩種污染物累積等標負荷比一直大于90%。大氣污染物區(qū)域集中特征明顯,反映出區(qū)域經濟發(fā)展及產業(yè)結構不均衡。大氣污染物排放的主要集中在青白江區(qū)、金堂縣、彭州市、新都區(qū)、新津縣、都江堰市、雙流縣、崇州市等8個區(qū)縣。工業(yè)源和機動車是大氣污染的兩大主要來源,是污染防治的重點領域。工業(yè)污染行業(yè)集中度高,需進一步優(yōu)化行業(yè)結構。成都市工業(yè)廢氣污染排放主要集中在黑色金屬冶煉和壓延加工業(yè),非金屬礦物制品業(yè)及電力、熱力生產和供應業(yè)等三個行業(yè)少數(shù)幾個行業(yè),工業(yè)結構性污染問題很難在短期內改變。在區(qū)域總量分配中,青白江區(qū)、金堂縣、彭州市、大邑縣、新津縣、新都區(qū)和崇州市等7個區(qū)(市)縣為大氣污染嚴重的地區(qū)；在行業(yè)總量分配中,電力、熱力生產和供應業(yè),黑色金屬冶煉和壓延加工業(yè),非金屬礦物制品業(yè),造紙和紙制品業(yè),化學原料和化學制品制造業(yè),醫(yī)藥制造業(yè)等行業(yè)是高污染、低產出的行業(yè)。
[Abstract]:Environmental statistics is the basic work and important part of environmental protection and the support of environmental management. Environmental statistics departments can collect tens of thousands of data every year, forming a large number of reports. As a system, environmental statistics are comprehensive and consistent statutory data reflecting pollution emissions. They have been used as statistical yearbooks, environmental bulletins, environmental planning, and total emission reduction. Social and economic development macroeconomic decisions and other work to provide basic data. However, the result of environmental statistics is data. The data itself can not transmit the environmental information needed in environmental management. Only through statistical analysis, can we check the effect of environmental management, judge the environmental situation, and supervise the implementation of environmental protection policies and regulations. Based on the environmental statistics of Chengdu, this paper analyzes the emission characteristics of atmospheric pollutants in the region from the point of view of space-time differences, and determines the main pollution factors in the atmosphere by using the method of equal-standard load pollution. The Gini coefficient, which is used to evaluate the income equity in the economic field, is applied to the distribution of the total amount of atmospheric pollutants in Chengdu, and the control and distribution of the total amount of atmospheric pollutants in Chengdu are studied. The fairness of allocation of total control indicators is evaluated. At present, the main pollutants in the atmosphere of Chengdu are NOX and so _ 2. From 2010 to 2012, the cumulative iso-standard load ratio of these two pollutants has been more than 90. The regional concentration of atmospheric pollutants is obvious, which reflects the imbalance of regional economic development and industrial structure. The emission of atmospheric pollutants is mainly concentrated in Qingbai River District, Jintang County, Pengzhou City, Xindu District, Xinjin County, Dujiangyan City, Shuangliu County, Chongzhou City, etc. Industrial sources and motor vehicles are the two main sources of air pollution and the key areas of pollution prevention and control. Industrial pollution industry concentration is high, need to further optimize the industry structure. Emissions from industrial waste gas in Chengdu are mainly concentrated in the ferrous metal smelting and calender processing industries, non-metallic mineral products and electricity, thermal production and supply industries, and a few industries. Industrial structural pollution is difficult to change in the short term. Among the regional total distribution, seven districts (cities), such as Qingbai River District, Jintang County, Pengzhou City, Dayi County, Xinjin County, Xindu District and Chongzhou City, are regions with serious air pollution. Ferrous metal smelting and calender processing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, papermaking and paper products industry, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, pharmaceutical industry and other industries are high pollution, low output industries.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X51

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王迎春;;大連市主要污染物排放量數(shù)據(jù)分析[J];干旱環(huán)境監(jiān)測;2013年03期

2 吳文俊;蔣洪強;;我國工業(yè)廢水重金屬排放的等標負荷特征分析[J];環(huán)境科學與技術;2012年11期

3 王志遠;;環(huán)境統(tǒng)計在環(huán)境保護中的應用[J];環(huán)境保護科學;2012年04期

4 賴瑾瑾;;國際環(huán)境統(tǒng)計發(fā)展及對我國的借鑒意義[J];科技視界;2012年23期

5 劉承志;;等標污染負荷法在蘇州市污染源普查評價中的應用[J];環(huán)境科學與管理;2012年06期

6 趙春;張鵬;;2010年運城市環(huán)境統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)分析[J];科技風;2012年09期

7 吳麗君;楊三明;;基尼系數(shù)在重慶市SO_2總量分配中的應用[J];三峽環(huán)境與生態(tài);2011年03期

8 李如忠;舒琨;;1526基于基尼系數(shù)的水污染負荷分配模糊優(yōu)化決策模型[J];環(huán)境科學學報;2010年07期

9 劉永偉;毛小苓;孫莉英;倪晉仁;;深圳市工業(yè)污染源重金屬排放特征分析[J];北京大學學報(自然科學版);2010年02期

10 張兆年;張彩香;;擬合綜合指數(shù)篩選普查區(qū)域的主要廢水污染物[J];環(huán)境科學與管理;2009年10期

相關碩士學位論文 前4條

1 趙娟;全國重點城市工業(yè)廢水污染狀況比較分析[D];北京林業(yè)大學;2008年

2 魏麗;青島市大氣污染特征與控制對策研究[D];山東科技大學;2007年

3 謝鵬;基于GIS下的空氣質量分析系統(tǒng)方案的研究[D];武漢理工大學;2004年

4 陳郁青;福州市區(qū)大氣污染特征及防治對策研究[D];福建師范大學;2001年

，

本文編號：1805053