本文選題：丘3區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：水土保持　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究以甘肅黃土丘陵溝壑第三副區(qū)（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)丘3區(qū)）為研究對(duì)象，以1980年~2012年丘3區(qū)水土保持措施年報(bào)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)、甘肅省第一次全國(guó)水利普查為基礎(chǔ)，以“08國(guó)標(biāo)”為指導(dǎo)，對(duì)丘3區(qū)30多年來(lái)水土保持取得的成效，水土保持綜合治理效益的指標(biāo)體系，以及調(diào)水保土、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)及生態(tài)效益進(jìn)行了分析研究，取得了以下主要結(jié)論： （1）構(gòu)建了丘3區(qū)水土保持綜合治理效益評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。根據(jù)指標(biāo)選擇原則，結(jié)合研究區(qū)自然、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)等實(shí)際情況，確定了4個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo)、10個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)、23個(gè)三級(jí)指標(biāo)作為該區(qū)水土保持綜合治理效益評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。 （2）丘3區(qū)33年的水土保持工作取得了巨大的成績(jī)。截止到2012年，全區(qū)水土保持治理措施保存面積達(dá)到101.61萬(wàn)hm2，治理程度達(dá)到了51.48%。 （3）水土保持是土地整治和江河治理的根本。丘3區(qū)1980~2012年各項(xiàng)水保措施累計(jì)減少?gòu)搅?1.72億m3，減少泥沙5.01億t，為加快區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、減少入黃泥沙做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。 （4）水土保持是該區(qū)人民群眾增產(chǎn)增收、脫貧致富的一個(gè)重要措施。該區(qū)1980~2012年各項(xiàng)水保措施累計(jì)產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為273.95億元，其中梯田115.16億元，經(jīng)濟(jì)林64.36億元，水保林48.44億元及人工種草45.99億元；糧食總產(chǎn)量達(dá)到2012年的215.85萬(wàn)t，增長(zhǎng)170.12%，人均產(chǎn)糧達(dá)到2012年的410kg/人，增長(zhǎng)87.63%；人均收入達(dá)到2012年的3553元/人。 （5）水土保持是減輕自然災(zāi)害，改善生態(tài)環(huán)境和促進(jìn)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)。該區(qū)1980~2012年累計(jì)減少土地蠶食面積0.11萬(wàn)km2，減少洪水14.22億m3，增加了常水流量2.41億m3；減少了大量的土壤養(yǎng)分流失，提高了土壤肥力；林草措施吸收了空氣中的大量有害物質(zhì)，凈化了空氣，改善了生物多樣性，植被覆蓋度達(dá)到了26.60%；同時(shí)，提高了土地、勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，，改善了土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)，調(diào)整了農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，提高了人民生活水平。
[Abstract]:This study takes the third sub-region of loess hilly and gully in Gansu Province (hereinafter referred to as Qiu 3 area) as the research object, taking the statistical data of soil and water conservation measures annual report from 1980 to 2012, the first national water conservancy survey in Gansu Province as the basis, and the "08 national standard" as the guide. The achievements of soil and water conservation, the index system of comprehensive control benefits of soil and water conservation, and the benefits of water transfer, soil conservation, economy, society and ecology are analyzed and studied in Qiu 3 area over the past 30 years. The main conclusions are obtained as follows:. 1) the evaluation index system of comprehensive soil and water conservation benefit in Qiu 3 region is constructed. According to the principle of index selection, combining with the actual situation of nature, society and economy in the study area, Four first class indexes, 10 second class indexes and 23 third grade indexes were determined as the evaluation index system of the comprehensive control benefit of soil and water conservation in this area. By 2012, the area of soil and water conservation measures had reached one million sixteen thousand and one hundred mm ~ 2, and the degree of soil and water conservation had reached 51.48. Soil and water conservation is the foundation of land regulation and river regulation. From 1980 to 2012, the soil and water conservation measures in Qiu 3 area have reduced the runoff by three billion one hundred and seventy-two million m3 and sediment by 501 million t, which has made important contribution to speeding up the development of regional economy and reducing sediment flow into the Yellow River. (4) soil and water conservation is an important measure to increase production and increase income, and to get rid of poverty and become rich in this area. During the period from 1980 to 2012, the cumulative economic benefits of various soil and water conservation measures in this area are twenty-seven billion three hundred and ninety-five million yuan, including eleven billion five hundred and sixteen million yuan for terraced fields and six billion four hundred and thirty-six million yuan for economic forests. The total grain output reached two million one hundred and fifty-eight thousand and five hundred t in 2012, an increase of 170.12 tons, the per capita grain production reached 410 kg / person in 2012, an increase of 87.63 yuan, and the per capita income reached 3 553 yuan per person in 2012. (5) soil and water conservation is the basis for mitigating natural disasters, improving ecological environment and promoting social progress. From 1980 to 2012, the area of land erosion was reduced by 1,100 km2, the flood was reduced by one billion four hundred and twenty-two million m3, the constant water flow was increased by 241 million m3, and a large amount of soil nutrient loss was reduced. Soil fertility has been improved; forest and grass measures have absorbed a large amount of harmful substances in the air, purified the air, improved biodiversity, and vegetation coverage has reached 26.60; at the same time, it has increased land, labor productivity, and improved the structure of land use. The structure of rural production has been adjusted and the living standards of the people have been improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S157

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