本文關(guān)鍵詞：哈爾濱所轄市縣土地資源生態(tài)安全評價研究　出處：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 能值分析 PSIR模型 土地資源生態(tài)安全評價 哈爾濱所轄市縣

【摘要】：科學(xué)評價由于城市擴(kuò)張所引起的土地資源生態(tài)安全,對土地資源的合理利用,促進(jìn)城市區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、生態(tài)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展具有重要意義。 本文以哈爾濱所轄]0縣(市)為研究區(qū),具體包括尚志市、雙城市、賓縣、方正縣、依蘭縣、巴彥縣、五常市、木蘭縣、延壽縣和通河縣,從土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)流、能量流、信息流等生態(tài)流角度入手,綜合分析土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)因人類社會經(jīng)濟(jì)作用而引入反映生態(tài)安全狀態(tài)的影響要素,運用能值分析法與PSIR模型構(gòu)建評價指標(biāo)體系及土地資源生態(tài)安全可持續(xù)能值指數(shù)(EULESI)將哈爾濱所轄市縣土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的安全程度進(jìn)行評價,結(jié)合評價結(jié)果并作以分析提出改善、優(yōu)化的針對性方案,以提高土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)安全程度。 研究結(jié)果表明：(1)能值分析法與PSIR模型有機(jī)結(jié)合,有效避免了選取指標(biāo)過多、指標(biāo)權(quán)重的確定過于主觀的弊端的缺點。另外,通過person相關(guān)性分析得出,EISD與EULESI二者具有極強(qiáng)相關(guān)性,相較于EISD指數(shù),EULESI指數(shù)對土地資源生態(tài)安全評價研究更具有敏感性和代表性,同時作為評價土地資源生態(tài)安全水平指標(biāo)具有科學(xué)性,可用于其他類似地區(qū)相關(guān)研究評價指標(biāo)。這也為其他同類地區(qū)土地資源生態(tài)安全相關(guān)研究提供參考,也為城市擴(kuò)張下哈爾濱所轄市縣生態(tài)安全建設(shè)、土地資源利用和土地整治提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。(2)受到城市擴(kuò)張沖擊下的2004—2011年研究區(qū)土地資源生態(tài)安全總體呈遞減趨勢,土地資源生態(tài)安全水平波動較大,處于較不穩(wěn)定發(fā)展階段,總體處于較不安全水平,其原因有以下幾點：首先土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)自身一直承受不可更新資源能值、工業(yè)輔助能值等來自外界的脅迫壓力,而土地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所固定的能量,即可更新資源能值卻甚少利用,是導(dǎo)致土地資源生態(tài)安全處于低水平的重要因素；其次,研究區(qū)土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的能值產(chǎn)出率比較低,系統(tǒng)的土地生產(chǎn)效率不高,且輸出能值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于外界向系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的輸入能值,系統(tǒng)與外界環(huán)境的能量流、貨幣流、生物流不能達(dá)到平衡,土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)自身能值降低,土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性偏低,各子系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)流、能量流連接失和,系統(tǒng)的自控、調(diào)節(jié)、反饋能力下降,是土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)處于較不安全所反映出的狀態(tài)；再次研究區(qū)土壤損耗能值持續(xù)增加,表層土壤流失量嚴(yán)重,可更新有機(jī)勢能在系統(tǒng)總能值中所占比率甚小,勞動力和機(jī)械勢能在系統(tǒng)能量交換過程中利用率不高,環(huán)境潛力已趨近于0值,反映出土地資源生態(tài)系統(tǒng)自身其反饋能力減弱,其系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)的環(huán)境承載力也逐漸降低,對于現(xiàn)存的土地資源地來說生態(tài)環(huán)境比較脆弱,環(huán)境負(fù)載已達(dá)到飽和。(3)提山改善及優(yōu)化對策：首先擴(kuò)大綠色植物種植面積,提高對可更新資源能值的獲�。黄浯握{(diào)整系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),搭建良性的農(nóng)林牧業(yè)比例結(jié)構(gòu),并適度增加有機(jī)肥的投入量;再次適度改變局部范圍氣候,提高機(jī)械化水平；最后應(yīng)積極宣傳土地資源生態(tài)保護(hù)教育,樹立良好土地資源生態(tài)保護(hù)意識。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the ecological security of land resources caused by urban expansion, which is of great significance for the rational utilization of land resources, and promoting the sustained, stable and healthy development of urban regional economy, society and ecology.
In this paper, under the jurisdiction of Harbin]0 county (city) as the study area, including Shuangcheng City, Shangzhi City, Binxian, founder County, Yilan County, Bayan County, Wuchang City, Mulan County, Yanshou county and Tonghe County, the land resources ecological system of material flow, energy flow, information flow and ecological flow perspective comprehensive analysis of land resources, ecological system for human social and economic effects and influencing factors which can reflect the ecological security state, using the emergy analysis method and PSIR model to construct the evaluation index system of ecological security of land resources and sustainable emergy index (EULESI) will be under the jurisdiction of Harbin County Land resources ecological security evaluation system, combined with the evaluation results with analysis and improvement, the optimal scheme, to improve the safety of the land resource ecological system.
The results show that: (1) the emergy analysis method and PSIR model combination, effectively avoid the choice index too much, too subjective problem to determine the weights of the indexes. In addition, obtained by person correlation analysis, EISD and EULESI two have strong correlation, compared to the EISD index, EULESI index evaluation of the ecological security of land resources is more sensitive and representative, at the same time as the evaluation of land resources ecological security index is scientific, useful for research in other similar areas of evaluation index. It also provides the reference for other similar areas of land resources ecological security research, but also for the expansion of cities and counties of Harbin city under the construction of ecological security, provide the scientific basis for the utilization of land resources and land remediation. (2) by the expansion of the city under the impact of 2004 - 2011 in the study area of land resources ecological security overall decreasing trend, The land resource ecological security level fluctuations, not in a stable stage of development, in the overall relatively unsafe level, the reasons are as follows: first land resources ecological system itself has been under non renewable resource value, industrial emergy stress such as pressure from the outside, and the land ecological system of fixed energy you can update the resources of little use, is the result of land resource ecological security is an important factor of low level; secondly, the land resource ecological system in the study area rate is relatively low, the system of land production efficiency is not high, and the output value is far greater than the external energy value to the system within the system and input. The external environment of energy flow, money flow, biological flow can not reach equilibrium, the land resource ecological system itself can decrease the value of land resources, low stability of ecological system, each subsystem of material flow, energy flow Connection and system control, adjustment, feedback ability is the land ecosystem in less safety reflects the state of the soil loss again; energy continues to increase, the surface soil erosion is serious, renewable organic energy in the system is always the value of the proportion of very small, labor and mechanical energy exchange in the process of system energy utilization rate is not high, the environmental potential has been close to 0, reflecting the weakening of land resource ecological system of its own feedback ability, gradually reduce the bearing capacity of the system state of the environment, for the land resources for the existing ecological environment is fragile, the environmental load has reached saturation. (3). Mountain improvements and optimization measures: first, expand the planting area of green plants, improve access to renewable resource value; secondly adjust industrial structure, build a benign agroforestrial structure than cases, and moderate Finally, we should increase the input of organic fertilizer, change the climate of local area again and raise the level of mechanization. Finally, we should actively publicize the protection and education of land resources, and establish a good sense of ecological protection of land resources.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X826;F301.3

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