本文關(guān)鍵詞：鹽生植物堿蓬對(duì)鎘脅迫的生理響應(yīng)及其在鎘污染土壤修復(fù)中的應(yīng)用　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 堿蓬 鎘污染 鹽土 植物修復(fù)

【摘要】：隨著沿海區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展和城市化的加快,近海灘涂的開發(fā)利用和陸源污染物排放強(qiáng)度不斷增加,導(dǎo)致沿海灘涂土壤污染越來越嚴(yán)重,一些地區(qū)灘涂土壤中的Cd等重金屬含量己明顯超標(biāo),而被研究且適用于去除土壤重金屬污染的大多數(shù)植物修復(fù)植物是甜土植物,并不適合于重金屬污染灘涂鹽土的植物修復(fù)。本文以普遍生長于我國沿海灘涂上的堿蓬為研究對(duì)象,通過土壤和營養(yǎng)液兩種培養(yǎng)方法,研究堿蓬在Cd和NaCl復(fù)合處理下的生長、Cd和Na吸收積累特性、抗氧化酶活性、根部亞細(xì)胞分布和巰基物質(zhì)等指標(biāo),以期闡明鹽生植物堿蓬應(yīng)答NaCl和Cd雙重脅迫的機(jī)制、為堿蓬修復(fù)重金屬Cd污染的灘涂土壤提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下：1.Cd、NaCl合處理下堿蓬對(duì)Cd的吸收、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)和生理響應(yīng)通過水培試驗(yàn)研究了Cd(0、5、10、20 μmol·L-1)和NaCl(0、50、100、200 mmol·L-1)復(fù)合處理下,鹽生植物堿蓬的生長、Cd的吸收、轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)和亞細(xì)胞分布、葉綠素、膜脂過氧化作用,抗氧化酶活性以及根部巰基物質(zhì)含量。結(jié)果表明：在Cd和NaCl復(fù)合處理后,一定的NaCl濃度處理下,Cd處理濃度的增加將抑制堿蓬的生長,堿蓬植株的含水率隨營養(yǎng)介質(zhì)中鹽分的提高而增大,加Cd處理的堿蓬植株鮮重明顯低于無Cd處理的堿蓬,堿蓬對(duì)Na的富集不受Cd的影響,而NaCl和Cd處理均顯著的影響了堿蓬各部位對(duì)Cd的吸收累積。堿蓬吸收的Cd主要被累積分配在根部,且大部分被吸附固定在細(xì)胞壁上,而富集的Na大部分被轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)到地上部,葉莖根部的Na含量均隨NaCl處理濃度的增大而顯著升高,累積在根部的Na也大部分被吸附固定于細(xì)胞壁上。在不加Cd的處理下,堿蓬葉部中的SOD、CAT、TBARS以及葉綠素含量均隨NaCl處理的增加而增大,但在加Cd處理后顯著地影響了葉部中的SOD、CAT、TBARS以及葉綠素含量。堿蓬根部的NPT和GSH含量均隨著鹽處理濃度增大而呈上升的趨勢(shì),表明根部誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生了更多的巰基物質(zhì)來來緩解根部對(duì)Cd的累積的毒害。2.堿蓬修復(fù)Cd污染含鹽土壤的研究通過溫室土壤盆栽試驗(yàn)研究了不同鹽(NaCl)濃度(0.1%,0.5%,1.0%)和鎘(Cd)濃度(0,1.0,2.5,5.0 mg·kg-1)處理下堿蓬的生長及其對(duì)Na和Cd的富集。結(jié)果表明,在含0.5%和1.0%NaCl的土壤甲,隨著Cd處理濃度的增加,堿蓬的生長顯著地受到抑制,生物量均呈減少趨勢(shì)；隨NaCl處理濃度的增加,堿蓬對(duì)Cd的積累也隨之增加,在0.1%NaCl和2.5 mg·kg-1 Cd的處理土壤中,堿蓬各部位的Cd累計(jì)含量達(dá)到最大值,葉為30.9 mg·kg-1,莖為30.1 mg·kg-1,根為35.3 mg·kg-1。堿蓬地上部的Cd富集系數(shù)為0.9～19.9,地上部吸收的Cd累積量是根部的8.1～73.6倍。NaCl和Cd處理對(duì)堿蓬鮮重和根部Cd、Na含量有顯著的交互作用,對(duì)莖葉部Cd、Na含量的交互作用不顯著。在加Cd處理的堿蓬葉和莖部位的Na含量隨NaCl處理濃度的增加而增大,但相同NaCl度處理下,Cd處理下的葉莖部Na含量與對(duì)照相比差異不顯著,且NaCl處理增強(qiáng)了堿蓬對(duì)Cd的累積。堿蓬在Cd脅迫下仍保持鹽生植物的特性,且對(duì)Cd具有較強(qiáng)的耐性和累積能力,有望應(yīng)用于Cd污染鹽土的修復(fù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of regional economy in the coastal areas of the city and accelerate the development and utilization of coastal beaches, and terrigenous pollutants emission intensity increased, resulting in coastal soil pollution is becoming more and more serious, the content of heavy metals in some areas of soil in Cd has significantly exceed the standard is applicable to the research, and most of the plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil removal is a glycophyte, is not suitable for phytoremediation of heavy metal pollution in the coastal saline soil. The general growth in China's coastal beach salsa as the research object, through the soil and nutrient solution culture in two, Cd and NaCl in the study of Suaeda salsa under combined treatment of the growth of Cd and Na uptake and accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity subcellular distribution, root and sulfhydryl compounds and other indicators, to explore the mechanism of Suaeda NaCl response and Cd double stress, heavy metal pollution remediation for Suaeda Cd Provide a theoretical basis for the dyeing of soil. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1.Cd, NaCl and Cd absorption of Suaeda salsa under treatment, was studied through water culture and physiological response of Cd (0,5,10,20 mol transport L-1) and NaCl (0,50100200 mmol L-1) composite treatment, salt plant Suaeda growth. Cd uptake, transport and subcellular distribution, chlorophyll, membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and root thiol content. The results showed that in Cd and NaCl after combined treatment, NaCl concentration is constant, the increase of Cd concentration will inhibit the growth of Suaeda salsa plants, water ratio with salt nutrient medium the increase of Suaeda plants treated with Cd, the fresh weight was significantly lower than that without Cd treatment of Na enrichment on the Suaeda salsa, not influenced by Cd, NaCl and Cd treatments had a significant effect on the absorption of Cd in different parts of Suaeda alkali accumulation. Peng Cd is mainly Absorption Accumulation and distribution in roots, and most of them are adsorbed on the cell wall, and the enrichment of most Na translocated to shoots, leaves and stems are the root of the content of Na increases with the concentration of NaCl increased significantly, accumulate in the roots of Na were mostly solid adsorption on cell wall. In treatment without Cd, Suaeda leaf in SOD, CAT, TBARS and chlorophyll content increased with the increase of NaCl increases, but after treated with Cd significantly affected the leaf in SOD, CAT, TBARS and chlorophyll content. The roots of Suaeda NPT and GSH content were treated with salt increase of concentration was increased, showed that the roots were induced to alleviate the sulfhydryl more roots of Cd toxic.2. salsa Cd contaminated saline soil of greenhouse soil by pot experiment with different salt (NaCl) concentration (0.1%, 0.5%, 1 .0%) and cadmium (Cd) concentration (0,1.0,2.5,5.0 mg kg-1) under the treatment of Suaeda salsa growth and Na and enrichment of Cd. The results showed that in a soil containing 0.5% and 1.0%NaCl, with the increase of Cd concentration, the growth of Suaeda salsa significantly inhibited the biomass decreased with the increase of NaCl; the concentration of Cd, the accumulation of salsa also increased, in the treatment of soil 0.1%NaCl and 2.5 mg kg-1 Cd in different parts of Suaeda Cd accumulated content reached the maximum of 30.9 Mg - kg-1, leaf, stem was 30.1 Mg - kg-1, Mg - kg-1. 35.3 root shoot Cd accumulation coefficient of Suaeda salsa from 0.9 to 19.9, the absorption of Cd accumulation is the root of 8.1 ~ 73.6 times of.NaCl and Cd on the fresh weight of root and Suaeda Cd, there was a significant interaction between Na content of stems and leaves of Cd, the interaction of Na content is not significant. The content of Na plus Cd treatment of Suaeda salsa leaves and stems the site with NaCl concentration The degree of increase, but the same NaCl treatment, leaf stem Na content under Cd treatment compared with the control group had no significant difference, and NaCl treatment enhanced the accumulation of Cd. Suaeda salsa remains characteristic of Halophytes under Cd stress, and the Cd has a strong tolerance and accumulation ability. The repair is expected to be applied to the Cd pollution soil.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X53;X173

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