【摘要】：“溫室效應”問題自提出以來愈加嚴重,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)固碳問題的研究提上日程。土地利用變化是影響全球碳循環(huán)的重要驅動因素之一。人類經濟活動影響土地利用格局的變化,土地利用通過土地覆被的變化對全球碳循環(huán)和氣候變化產生重要影響。因此研究區(qū)域尺度土地利用變化與碳儲量之間的關系有利于理解生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳循環(huán)的影響機制,探索科學合理的土地配置方案,改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。礦業(yè)城市生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,礦山開采等經濟活動引發(fā)的土地利用類型的變化較為明顯,研究其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)固碳問題意義重大。本文基于武安市1987、1995、2004、2010年四期TM遙感影像,借助Arc GIS技術和In VEST模型分析了武安市土地利用變化及生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量的動態(tài)變化,主要研究內容與研究結論如下:(1)揭示礦業(yè)城市土地利用變化特征。綜合采用土地利用動態(tài)度等指標研究武安市土地利用時空變化特征和趨勢。從時間尺度看,武安市土地利用變化總體趨勢表現為林地、草地和非工礦建設用地的增加以及耕地、工礦用地和水體的減少;在人類經濟活動和政策的影響下,武安市土地空間格局也發(fā)生了一定的變化。(2)研究礦業(yè)城市碳儲量動態(tài)變化特征�；谖浒彩型恋乩矛F狀圖和不同地類碳密度表,利用In VEST模型碳模塊計算武安市碳儲量,并進一步研究不同土地利用類型碳儲量的時空變化規(guī)律,劃分碳匯區(qū)、碳源區(qū)和碳收支平衡區(qū)。研究結果表明1987~2010年間武安市固碳能力有了一定程度的提升,但固碳潛力呈下降趨勢。(3)探究礦業(yè)城市土地利用變化與固碳的關系。綜合研究區(qū)土地利用類型變化和碳儲量動態(tài)變化特征分析武安市土地利用覆被變化對固碳的影響。研究結果表明不同土地利用類型固碳能力的大小與碳密度值呈現較高的一致性;不同地類碳儲量的變化與其面積的變化相一致,二者的空間分布也呈現較大的一致性。不同地類之間的轉化會影響整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量的變化。(4)提出礦業(yè)城市土地生態(tài)利用措施。LUCC與生態(tài)系統(tǒng)固碳的關系密不可分,不同地類之間的轉化對碳儲量的變化產生重要影響。本文最后從生態(tài)文明的角度出發(fā)改善武安市土地利用結構、優(yōu)化產業(yè)格局,促進土地優(yōu)化配置,為武安市制定合理的土地利用規(guī)劃方案、提高土地利用的生態(tài)價值提供參考。
[Abstract]:The problem of Greenhouse Effect has become more and more serious since it was raised, and the study of carbon sequestration in ecosystem is on the agenda. Land use change is one of the important driving factors affecting the global carbon cycle. Human economic activities influence the change of land use pattern, and land use exerts an important influence on global carbon cycle and climate change through land cover change. Therefore, studying the relationship between land use change and carbon storage on a regional scale is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of carbon cycle in ecosystem, exploring scientific and rational land allocation schemes and improving ecological environment. The ecological environment of mining cities is fragile and the changes of land use types caused by economic activities such as mining are obvious. It is of great significance to study the carbon sequestration problem in the ecosystem of mining cities. Based on the four TM remote sensing images of Wuan City in 1987 / 1995 and 2010, the dynamic changes of land use and carbon storage in the ecosystem of Wuan City were analyzed by means of Arc GIS technology and In VEST model. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) to reveal the characteristics of land use change in mining cities. The characteristics and trends of spatial and temporal changes of land use in Wuan City were studied by using land use dynamic attitude and other indicators. In terms of time scale, the general trend of land use change in Wuan city is the increase of woodland, grassland and non-industrial construction land, and the decrease of cultivated land, industrial land and water body. Under the influence of human economic activities and policies, the spatial pattern of land in Wuan city has also changed to some extent. (2) the dynamic characteristics of carbon storage in mining cities have been studied. Based on the current land use map and carbon density table of different land types in Wuan city, carbon storage in Wuan city is calculated by using In VEST model carbon module, and the temporal and spatial variation of carbon storage in different land use types is further studied, and carbon sequestration areas are divided. Carbon source area and carbon balance area. The results show that the capacity of carbon sequestration in Wuan City has been improved to a certain extent during 1987-2010, but the potential of carbon sequestration has declined. (3) the relationship between land use change and carbon sequestration in mining cities is explored. The characteristics of land use type change and carbon storage dynamic change in the study area the effect of land use and cover change on carbon sequestration in Wuan City was analyzed. The results show that the carbon sequestration capacity of different land use types is consistent with the carbon density, and the change of carbon storage is consistent with the change of land area, and the spatial distribution of carbon sequestration capacity and carbon density of different land use types are also consistent. The change of carbon storage in the whole ecosystem will be affected by the transformation of different land types. (4) the measures of land ecological utilization in mining cities are put forward. The relationship between LUCC and carbon sequestration in ecosystem is closely related. The change of carbon storage is influenced by the transformation of different land types. Finally, from the angle of ecological civilization, the paper improves the structure of land use, optimizes the industrial pattern, promotes the optimal allocation of land, and provides a reference for making a reasonable plan of land use planning and improving the ecological value of land use.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2;X171.1

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