本文選題：糧食安全 + 新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體��； 參考：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)是一個國家的基礎,糧食是人類得以生存的根本。而糧食安全問題,自從人類出現(xiàn)就存在,在人類歷史上經(jīng)常會發(fā)生饑荒現(xiàn)象。我國作為13億的人口大國,糧食需求量要比其他國家大很多。改革開放30余年來,家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包經(jīng)營責任制的實現(xiàn),使糧食生產(chǎn)有了突破性發(fā)展,農(nóng)民作為微觀經(jīng)營主體顯示出了強大活力。但隨著現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展持續(xù)加速,家庭承包責任制逐漸突顯出來規(guī)模小和經(jīng)營分散等問題。在我國城鄉(xiāng)分工分業(yè)加速調(diào)整下,農(nóng)業(yè)人口銳減,農(nóng)業(yè)勞動主體主要為老人和婦女,農(nóng)民拋荒現(xiàn)象日益嚴重,急需解決“誰來種地”、“以什么方式經(jīng)營農(nóng)業(yè)”等問題。隨著我國經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,大量農(nóng)民轉移到城鎮(zhèn),并且農(nóng)業(yè)的弱質(zhì)性和糧食生產(chǎn)收益不高等問題,直接導致我國的糧食安全形勢不容樂觀。因此,加快構建新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營體系,培育新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體,才是創(chuàng)新我國種糧微觀主體的根本方向。基于此,本文在中共中央大力提倡發(fā)展新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的前提下,通過對當前我國農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及糧食安全現(xiàn)狀著手,借鑒了國外相關的經(jīng)營主體發(fā)展經(jīng)驗,比較不同農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營特點和利益訴求差異,以及各國農(nóng)業(yè)政策、經(jīng)營主體的特征差異。然后,分析基于糧食安全的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體培育的制約因素,并提出相應的對策和建議,以求提供理論和現(xiàn)實參考。本文一共分為七個部分,主要內(nèi)容可以總括為：第一章為引言部分,主要對文章的選題意義,研究目的、思路及方法等進行了簡要介紹。同時對國內(nèi)外已有的有關糧食安全與農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的學術成果進行梳理和簡要評述。第二章是相關理論概述。明確了糧食安全和新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的概念界定,并對糧食安全、、新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體等相關理論知識進行了簡要的介紹。第三部長描述的是糧食安全與農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體。主要介紹了我國糧食總產(chǎn)量和糧食進出口的現(xiàn)狀,全球化背景下我國糧食對外依存度的變動趨勢及其安全風險。說明糧食安全與農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的選擇關系,并闡述了基于糧食安全背景下培育新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的必要性。第四章是我國新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的現(xiàn)狀分析。主要介紹了我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀及面臨的挑戰(zhàn),還有家庭農(nóng)場、專業(yè)大戶等新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的現(xiàn)狀。第五章是基于糧食安全的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體比較分析。比較我國不同新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營特點和利益訴求差異。并且對美、日、韓等國的農(nóng)業(yè)政策及農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體發(fā)展特點進行了簡要介紹,并結合我國的具體國情,提出幾點啟示。第六章提出了基于糧食安全的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體培育的制約因素。分別從產(chǎn)出導向與利潤導向、宏觀上人多地少與微觀上人少地多、適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營與農(nóng)地產(chǎn)權制度幾個角度,分析制約因素。最后一章是本文的研究結論與對策建議。在此部分筆者對全文進行了總結,并提出了基于糧食安全的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體培育的建議。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of a country, and grain is the basis for human survival. And food security has existed since the emergence of human beings, and famine often occurs in human history. As a big country of 1 billion 300 million population, the demand for grain is much larger than that of other countries. For more than 30 years of reform and opening up, the household contracted management responsibility system The realization of grain production has made a breakthrough in the development of grain production. Farmers have shown strong vitality as the main body of micro management. But with the continuous acceleration of the development of modern agriculture, the family contract responsibility system has gradually highlighted the problems of small scale and decentralized management. Under the acceleration and adjustment of the division of labor and division of labor in China and the countryside, the agricultural population is sharply reduced and the main main body of agricultural labor is the main subject. For the elderly and women, the phenomenon of farmers' shortage is becoming more and more serious. It is urgent to solve the problem of "who to plant land" and "how to manage agriculture". With the continuous development of China's economy, a large number of farmers have been transferred to cities and towns, and the weak quality of agriculture and the low yield of grain production have directly led to the unhappiness of the food security situation in China. Therefore, to speed up the construction of a new agricultural management system and cultivate a new type of agricultural management body is the fundamental direction of the innovation of the micro subject of grain grain in China. Based on this, this article, under the premise that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is vigorously promoting the development of new agricultural management, begins with the current situation of the development of agriculture and the status of food security in China, and draws lessons from the country. The development experience of the external related management body is made to compare the characteristics of the production and management of different agricultural operators and the differences of interest demands, as well as the differences in the characteristics of the agricultural policies and operating subjects of various countries. Then, the restrictive factors for the cultivation of the new agricultural management subject based on the food security are analyzed, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to provide the theory and the theory. The main contents of this paper are divided into seven parts. The main content can be summarized as follows: the first chapter is the introduction, which is a brief introduction to the significance of the topic, the purpose, the thought and the method of the research. At the same time, the academic achievements about the food security and the agricultural management owners are reviewed and briefly reviewed at home and abroad. Second The chapter defines the concept of grain security and new agricultural management subject, and briefly introduces the theoretical knowledge of grain security and new agricultural management subject. Third the minister describes the food security and the main body of agricultural management. It mainly introduces the total grain output and the grain import and export of our country. The change trend and safety risk of grain foreign dependence in China under the background of globalization, and the selection relationship between grain security and the main body of agricultural management, and the necessity of cultivating new agricultural management subject under the background of grain security. The fourth chapter is the present situation analysis of the new agricultural management subject in China. The main introduction is our country. The present situation of agricultural development and the challenges faced by the new agricultural management subject, such as family farm, professional big family, and so on. The fifth chapter is a comparative analysis of the new agricultural management subject based on grain security. Comparison of the production and management characteristics and interest demands of different new types of agricultural management in China. And the agriculture of the United States, Japan, Korea and other countries. The development characteristics of the policy and the agricultural management subject are briefly introduced, and some enlightenments are put forward in combination with the specific national conditions of our country. The sixth chapter puts forward the restrictive factors for the cultivation of new agricultural management subject based on grain security. The final chapter is the conclusion and Countermeasures of this paper. In this part, the author makes a summary of the full text, and puts forward some suggestions on the cultivation of new agricultural management based on the food security.
【學位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.11

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