本文選題：現(xiàn)農(nóng)村低保標準 + 農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度��； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度旨在解決農(nóng)村貧困居民的基本生活,保障農(nóng)村貧困居民基本生活權(quán)益。2011年3月份,溫家寶總理在政府工作報告中強調(diào)全國各地要加強完善城鄉(xiāng)低保制度。不僅表明了政府在保障公民生存權(quán)方面的的決心和努力,同時,也表明,我國農(nóng)村低保制度還有待思考和完善。而這恰恰使本文研究具有強烈的現(xiàn)實意義。黑龍江省自2004年開展農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度試點建設(shè)工作以來,歷經(jīng)多年改革發(fā)展,已逐步實現(xiàn)了從無到有,從小規(guī)模試點到政策的全覆蓋,從積極探索到深入改革,終取得顯著成效,但是,在制度實踐運轉(zhuǎn)中,仍存在諸多阻力,如低保財政投入不足、保障標準低、低保覆蓋面窄等問題。其中最迫切需要克服的就是資金短缺問題。充足的財政供給是實現(xiàn)農(nóng)村社會保障制度有效運行的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。政府加大農(nóng)村低保財政投入,是實現(xiàn)農(nóng)村低保制度“擴面提標”的關(guān)鍵。是我省救助事業(yè)取得巨大成就、進入新階段、向更高目標邁進的必然要求。近年來,對于黑龍江省農(nóng)村低保制度方面的研究的越來越多,但大多數(shù)研究主要表現(xiàn)于對最低生活保障制度的定性分析上,在實證研究方面相對較為薄弱,對于最低生活保障制度完善建議大多采用定性建議為主,缺少定量思考,基于此,本文以農(nóng)業(yè)大省黑龍江作為研究區(qū)域,通過測算農(nóng)村低保標準,量化財政供需,為我國農(nóng)村社會保障的全局建設(shè)提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。更具重要現(xiàn)實研究意義。本文首先從搜集整理國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述目前農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度的研究現(xiàn)狀,確定研究內(nèi)容及方法,其次從保障標準方面、低保財政方面、保障對象方面、低保覆蓋面等方面對黑龍江省現(xiàn)行農(nóng)村低保政策的實施效果進行綜合分析與評價,結(jié)合實證分析,對黑龍江省現(xiàn)行農(nóng)村低保制度的實施現(xiàn)狀情況作出客觀評價,探析其踐行中存在的問題及原因。在實證分析中,利用擴展線性支出模型(ELES),針對不同低保人群,分別測算有無食品自給能力的低保理論標準,并與現(xiàn)行低保標準進行對比分析,與此同時在低保標準量化基礎(chǔ)上,定量測算財政需求。最后,在計量結(jié)果分析的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合我省實情,提出定量財政建議及其配套建議,為完善黑龍江省農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度體系提供定性建議。
[Abstract]:The rural minimum living security system aims at solving the basic living conditions of the rural poor residents and protecting the basic living rights of the rural poor residents. In March 2011, Prime Minister Wen Jiabao stressed in the government work report that all parts of the country should strengthen and improve the urban and rural minimum living security system. It not only shows the determination and effort of the government in protecting the citizen's right to exist, but also shows that the rural minimum living security system of our country needs to be considered and perfected. This makes the study of this paper has a strong practical significance. Since Heilongjiang Province carried out the rural minimum living security system pilot construction in 2004, after many years of reform and development, it has gradually realized from scratch, from small scale pilot to full coverage of policy, from active exploration to in-depth reform. However, there are still many obstacles in the practical operation of the system, such as insufficient financial investment, low standard of guarantee, narrow coverage of minimum living standard, and so on. One of the most urgent needs to overcome is the shortage of funds. Adequate financial supply is the material basis for the effective operation of the rural social security system. The government increases the financial input of the rural minimum living standard, which is the key to realize the rural minimum security system. It is an inevitable requirement for our province to make great achievements, enter a new stage and advance to a higher goal. In recent years, there have been more and more researches on the rural minimum living security system in Heilongjiang Province, but most of the studies are mainly on the qualitative analysis of the minimum living security system, and the empirical research is relatively weak. Most of the suggestions for the perfection of the minimum living security system are based on qualitative suggestions and lack of quantitative thinking. Based on this, this paper takes Heilongjiang Province, a big agricultural province, as the research area, and quantifies the financial supply and demand by measuring the rural minimum living security standards, and quantifying the financial supply and demand. To provide basic data for the overall construction of rural social security in China. More important practical research significance. On the basis of collecting and sorting out the relevant documents at home and abroad, this paper expounds the current research situation of the rural minimum living security system, determines the research contents and methods, and secondly, from the aspects of the security standard, the financial aspect of the minimum living standard and the object of the guarantee. Based on the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the implementation effect of the current rural minimum security policy in Heilongjiang Province, the paper makes an objective evaluation of the current situation of the implementation of the rural minimum security system in Heilongjiang Province, combining with the empirical analysis. Analyze the problems and reasons in its practice. In the empirical analysis, the extended Linear Expenditure Model (ELES) is used to calculate the theoretical standards of food self-sufficiency for different groups of people, and to compare and analyze with the current minimum living standard, and at the same time, on the basis of quantification of the minimum living allowance standard. Quantitative measurement of financial demand. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the measurement results, the paper puts forward quantitative financial suggestions and their supporting suggestions on the basis of the reality of our province, and provides qualitative suggestions for perfecting the rural minimum living security system in Heilongjiang Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.89

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