本文選題：桉樹(shù)人工林 + 生物量�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：桉樹(shù)人工林發(fā)展關(guān)系國(guó)家木材安全和國(guó)土生態(tài)安全,因此,備受社會(huì)和學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注。本研究以廣西國(guó)有東門(mén)林場(chǎng)不同林齡(短周期:7a;中周期:13a;長(zhǎng)周期:21a)的巨尾桉人工林為研究對(duì)象,采用野外調(diào)查和室內(nèi)分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)不同林齡的巨尾桉人工林的生物量、生產(chǎn)力、碳儲(chǔ)量、林分蓄積量和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行了比較研究,旨在揭示不同林齡巨尾桉人工林生長(zhǎng)量與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的特征及變化規(guī)律,為科學(xué)、合理確定經(jīng)營(yíng)周期提供參考資料。研究取得的主要結(jié)果如下:1.不同林齡林分生物量存在顯著的差異,7a的短周期林分生物量為133.54±5.62 t/hm2,13a的中周期林分生物量為 335.16±33.57 t/hm2,21a的長(zhǎng)周期林分生物量相應(yīng)為383.20±38.03 t/hm2,表明隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng),巨尾桉林分的生物量逐漸增加,但由短周期到中周期林分生物量增加明顯,增幅達(dá)150.98%,由中周期到長(zhǎng)周期的增幅較小,僅為14.33%。2.不同林齡巨尾桉人工林喬木層各組分生物量的分配規(guī)律一致,各組分生物量所占比例的大小順序均表現(xiàn)為樹(shù)干樹(shù)根樹(shù)皮樹(shù)枝樹(shù)葉,不同組分的大小隨經(jīng)營(yíng)周期延長(zhǎng)的變化規(guī)律有所不同,樹(shù)干生物量占總生物量的比例呈現(xiàn)先增加后降低,而樹(shù)枝和樹(shù)根生物量則相反,為先降低后增加趨勢(shì);樹(shù)皮生物量的比例為持續(xù)增加,而葉的生物量比例為持續(xù)遞減。3.不同林齡巨尾桉林分林下植被的生物量隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng)而遞增,由短周期林分的14.97 t/hm2、中周期林分23.97 t/hm2增至長(zhǎng)周期林分的24.53 t/hm2。顯然,中周期后林下植被的生物量增長(zhǎng)緩慢。灌木層生物量占林下植被生物量的54.34-77.76%,草本層生物量只占22.24-45.66%。4.不同林齡巨尾桉林分喬木層生產(chǎn)力存在顯著差異,7a的短周期林分生產(chǎn)力為19.08±0.80 t/hm2·a,13a的中周期林分相應(yīng)為25.78±2.58 t/hm2 · a,21a的長(zhǎng)周期林分為18.25± 1.81 t/hm2 · a,表明隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng),巨尾桉林分生產(chǎn)力呈先增加后減小的趨勢(shì),以中周期經(jīng)營(yíng)的林分生產(chǎn)力最高。5.不同林齡巨尾桉人工林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲(chǔ)量,7a林分為165.81±5.39 t · C/hm2,13a時(shí)增大到 265.53±19.59 t · C/hm2,增長(zhǎng)了 99.72 t·C/hm2,21a時(shí)微弱增長(zhǎng),為266.71±16.59 t·C/hm2。生物量碳儲(chǔ)量隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng)而增加,相反,土壤碳儲(chǔ)量則隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng)而減少。7年生的短周期林分地上部分碳儲(chǔ)量占生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲(chǔ)量的39.38%,地下部分占60.62%;13年生的中周期林分地上和地下碳儲(chǔ)量的比例分別是61.28%和38.72%;21年生的長(zhǎng)周期林分分別為63.10%和36.90%。6.林分蓄積量隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng)而顯著增加,由7a、13a的144.95 m3/hm2、13a的346.97 m3/hm2,增至21a的553.69 m3/hm2。隨著經(jīng)營(yíng)周期的延長(zhǎng),凈現(xiàn)值不斷增加,7a時(shí)為17239.86元/hm2,到12a時(shí)達(dá)到最高值(30297.61元/hm2),之后逐漸降低,到21a時(shí)為22008.59元/hm2,而內(nèi)部收益率于13年生時(shí)開(kāi)始趨近峰值(53.32%),收益明顯高于短周期林分(7a),與長(zhǎng)周期林分無(wú)顯著差異。7.從生產(chǎn)力和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益兩個(gè)維度來(lái)看,本研究認(rèn)為,在現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)營(yíng)水平下,東門(mén)林場(chǎng)巨尾桉人工林的經(jīng)營(yíng)周期以13a左右為佳。
[Abstract]:The development of Eucalyptus plantation is related to national wood safety and land ecological security. Therefore, it is widely concerned by the social and academic circles. This study takes the different Lin Ling (short cycle: 7a; 13A; long period, 21a) of Eucalyptus Plantations in the state-owned East Gate forest farm of Guangxi as the study of the elephant, the combination of field investigation and indoor analysis, and the method of combining the field investigation and the indoor analysis. A comparative study of biomass, productivity, carbon reserves, forest stock volume and economic benefits of Eucalyptus grandis Plantation with forest age was carried out to reveal the characteristics and change rules of growth and economic benefits of different forest age eucalyptus plantations, and to provide reference materials for scientific and rational management cycle. The main results are as follows: 1. There was a significant difference between the biomass and the forest age. The biomass of the short cycle stand biomass of 133.54 + 5.62 t/hm2,13a was 335.16 + 33.57 t/hm2,21a, and the biomass of the long period stand was 383.20 + 38.03 t/hm2, indicating that the biomass of the stand of Eucalyptus grandis increased gradually with the extension of the operating period, but it was from short period. The increase of biomass in the middle period was 150.98%, and the increase from middle to long period was small. It was only the same distribution law of the biomass of each component in the tree layer of Eucalyptus grandis Plantation with different forest age. The order of the proportion of the biomass of each component was all the tree root bark branches and leaves of the tree trunk, and the size of the different components was large. The proportion of tree stem biomass to total biomass increased first and then decreased, while the biomass of branches and roots decreased first and then increased, and the proportion of bark biomass increased continuously, while the biomass ratio of leaves was continuously decreasing in.3. different forest age of Eucalyptus Plantations under different forest age. The biomass increased with the extension of the operating cycle, from 14.97 t/hm2 of short period stand and 23.97 t/hm2 to 24.53 t/hm2. of long period forest. The biomass of undergrowth vegetation was slow after middle period. The biomass of shrub layer accounted for 54.34-77.76% of the biomass of vegetation under forest, and the biomass of herbaceous layer was only 22.24-45.66%.4 The productivity of the tree layer of Eucalyptus grandis stand with different forest age was significantly different. The short cycle stand productivity of 7a was 19.08 + 0.80 t/hm2. A, and the middle period stand of 13A was 25.78 + 2.58 t/hm2. A, and the long period forest of 21a was 18.25 + 1.81 t/hm2. A, indicating that the productivity of Eucalyptus grandis stand increased and then decreased with the extension of the operating period. The trend, the highest forest productivity in the middle period is.5. of the different forest age of Eucalyptus urophylla plantation ecosystem. The 7a stand increased to 265.53 + 19.59 t. C/hm2 when the stand was 165.81 + 5.39 t. C/hm2,13a. It grew weak at 99.72 t. C/hm2,21a, and the biomass carbon reserves of 266.71 + 16.59 t C/hm2. extended with the operation period. On the contrary, on the contrary, the carbon reserves of soil carbon reserves in the short period forest of.7 years are 39.38% and 60.62% in the underground, and the proportion of the upper and underground carbon reserves in the 13 year period forest is 61.28% and 38.72% respectively, and the 21 year long period forest is 63.10%, respectively. And 36.90%.6. stand volume increased significantly with the extension of the operating cycle, from 7a, 13a 144.95 m3/hm2,13a 346.97 m3/hm2, to 21a 553.69 m3/hm2., as the operation period extended, the net present value continued to increase, 7a at 17239.86 yuan /hm2, to 12a reached the maximum value (30297.61 yuan /hm2), then gradually reduced to 22008.59 to 22008.59 Yuan /hm2, and the internal rate of return began to reach the peak value (53.32%) when 13 years old, and the income was obviously higher than the short cycle stand (7a). There was no significant difference from the long cycle stand..7. from the two dimensions of productivity and economic benefit, this study believed that under the existing management level, the operation cycle of the plantation of Eucalyptus giant Eucalyptus Plantations in the East Gate forest was about 13A.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F326.27;S718.5

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