本文選題：人力資本積累 + 回流農(nóng)民工　； 參考：《云南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式不斷改變,東西部經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡被打破,大量產(chǎn)業(yè)出現(xiàn)從東部地區(qū)逐漸向中西部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移的趨勢。在全球金融危機(jī)后的數(shù)年里,受到中西部地區(qū)惠農(nóng)政策的影響,東部的農(nóng)民工回到家鄉(xiāng)進(jìn)行就業(yè)或者創(chuàng)業(yè)的環(huán)境有所改善,大量農(nóng)民工主動或者被動離開城市,回到家鄉(xiāng)。農(nóng)民工失業(yè)返回家鄉(xiāng),不僅影響農(nóng)村的和諧發(fā)展,而且農(nóng)民工自身的生存也遇到了巨大的挑戰(zhàn),因此,政府必須關(guān)注回流農(nóng)民工的生存情況,維護(hù)回流農(nóng)民工的基本權(quán)利。而回流農(nóng)民工在外打工期間接受了職業(yè)教育,增長了見識,積累了人力資本,那么積累的人力資本會如何影響回流農(nóng)民工的再就業(yè)選擇?面對回流農(nóng)民工的失業(yè)問題,我們?nèi)绾谓鉀Q,如何滿足回流農(nóng)民工的生存和發(fā)展的需要,這是我們必須關(guān)注的問題。本文首先利用2016年發(fā)布的農(nóng)民工監(jiān)測報告,結(jié)合問卷調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù),總結(jié)回流農(nóng)民工的現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)現(xiàn)回流農(nóng)民工的再就業(yè)出現(xiàn)了很多問題,這些問題包括回流農(nóng)民工自身素質(zhì)和技能不高,存在就業(yè)隔離;社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持不足,就業(yè)信息渠道狹窄;政府政策支持不足,政策落實(shí)不到位等。其次,人力資本的積累對回流農(nóng)民工的再就業(yè)選擇產(chǎn)生巨大的影響�；亓鬓r(nóng)民工的再就業(yè)決策是個人面對風(fēng)險和收入時的理性選擇,回流農(nóng)民工的有限理性受到人力資本稟賦的巨大影響。通過實(shí)證分析研究發(fā)現(xiàn),受教育程度高的回流農(nóng)民工更傾向于選擇到企業(yè)打工;接受過職業(yè)培訓(xùn)的回流農(nóng)民工更傾向于到企業(yè)打工和自主創(chuàng)業(yè);在外打工年限更長的回流農(nóng)民工更傾向于選擇自主創(chuàng)業(yè)。相對于女性農(nóng)民工,男性農(nóng)民工在回流之后更容易就業(yè),年齡越大的農(nóng)民工越不容易就業(yè),身體狀況好的農(nóng)民工更容易就業(yè)。最后,本文提出了促進(jìn)回流農(nóng)民工就業(yè)的建議。政府需要完善回流農(nóng)民工就業(yè)的政策,強(qiáng)化針對回流農(nóng)民工的就業(yè)服務(wù),開展職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn);鼓勵具備物質(zhì)資本和人力資本的農(nóng)民工回流創(chuàng)業(yè),完善相應(yīng)的政策扶持體系;積極承接中小企業(yè),增加就業(yè)崗位。而作為回流農(nóng)民工,需要提升自身的素質(zhì),增強(qiáng)就業(yè)競爭力,積極尋求幫助,以自主創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)。社會方面要轉(zhuǎn)變對回流農(nóng)民工的態(tài)度,積極吸收回流農(nóng)民工,并且提供相應(yīng)的福利待遇,降低回流農(nóng)民工的就業(yè)風(fēng)險。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of China's industrial structure and the constant change of the mode of economic development, the economic balance between the east and the west has been broken, and a large number of industries have been gradually transferred from the eastern region to the central and western regions. In the years after the global financial crisis, affected by the preferential agricultural policies in the central and western regions, the environment for migrant workers in the east to return to their hometown for employment or entrepreneurship has improved, and a large number of migrant workers have left the city actively or passively and returned to their hometown. The unemployment of migrant workers returning to their hometown not only affects the harmonious development of rural areas, but also faces enormous challenges for their own survival. Therefore, the government must pay attention to the living conditions of returning migrant workers and safeguard the basic rights of migrant workers. But the migrant workers received vocational education, increased their knowledge and accumulated human capital, so how will the accumulation of human capital affect the re-employment options of migrant workers? In the face of the unemployment problem of migrant workers, we must pay attention to how to solve and meet the needs of survival and development of migrant workers. First of all, using the monitoring report of migrant workers released in 2016 and the data of questionnaire survey, this paper summarizes the current situation of returning migrant workers and finds that there are many problems in re-employment of returned migrant workers. These problems include low quality and skills of migrant workers, employment isolation; insufficient social network support, narrow employment information channels; inadequate government policy support, policy implementation and so on. Secondly, the accumulation of human capital has a great influence on the reemployment choice of migrant workers. The reemployment decision of migrant workers is a rational choice for individuals to face risks and income. The limited rationality of migrant workers is greatly influenced by human capital endowment. Through the empirical analysis, it is found that the highly educated migrant workers are more likely to choose to work in enterprises, and those who have received vocational training tend to work in enterprises and to start their own businesses. Migrant workers with longer working years are more likely to choose to start their own businesses. Compared with female migrant workers, male migrant workers are more likely to be employed after returning, the older migrant workers are less likely to be employed, the better off migrant workers are more likely to be employed. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions to promote the employment of migrant workers. The government needs to improve the policy of returning migrant workers employment, strengthen the employment services for migrant workers, carry out vocational skills training, encourage migrant workers with material capital and human capital to return to start their own businesses, and improve the corresponding policy support system. Actively undertake small and medium-sized enterprises, increase employment positions. As migrant workers, we need to improve their own quality, enhance the competitiveness of employment, actively seek help to promote employment. In the social aspect, we should change the attitude towards the returned migrant workers, absorb them actively, and provide the corresponding welfare treatment to reduce the employment risk of the returned migrant workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.6;F249.2

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