發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-17 13:26

  本文選題：草原畜牧業(yè) + 草原適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2017年中央一號(hào)文件強(qiáng)調(diào),要積極推進(jìn)畜牧業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,發(fā)展適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng),扶持規(guī)模適度的家庭牧場(chǎng)成為畜牧業(yè)改革的方向和重點(diǎn)。作為畜產(chǎn)品的主要生產(chǎn)基地,內(nèi)蒙古草原畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展面臨的問(wèn)題突出,如牧民收入水平低、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化等,牧場(chǎng)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)是解決這類問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。因此本文利用三種不同方法從不同角度對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古草原畜牧業(yè)的適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模進(jìn)行測(cè)算,從而為解決內(nèi)蒙古畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題提供依據(jù)。本文的研究基于內(nèi)蒙古草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原和草原化荒漠四個(gè)草原類型區(qū)的212個(gè)樣本牧戶的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。首先對(duì)不同類型草原區(qū)畜牧業(yè)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)與牧民收入之間關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果顯示:除草原化荒漠,其他三種類型草原的人均收入水平隨牧戶草場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,大致呈"倒U"型變化趨勢(shì)。運(yùn)用DEA方法對(duì)牧戶生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)并測(cè)算出實(shí)現(xiàn)較高生產(chǎn)效率目標(biāo)下牧戶草場(chǎng)適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模,四種類型草原中大部分牧戶實(shí)現(xiàn)了較高的生產(chǎn)效率,規(guī)模無(wú)效是導(dǎo)致牧戶生產(chǎn)效率低的主要原因,草場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)的適度規(guī)模分別為3811.69畝、4055.46畝、15239.85畝和12599.37畝。運(yùn)用綜合平衡法測(cè)算出實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有收入水平目標(biāo)下的適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模,四種草原牧戶草場(chǎng)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍分別為4310.74畝～4632.88畝、3877.88畝～5357.83 畝、15444.97 畝～19376.86 畝、15721.71 畝～20039.02 畝。運(yùn)用多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型測(cè)算了經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和生態(tài)效益雙重目標(biāo)下的牧戶草場(chǎng)適度經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模,結(jié)果得出,草甸草原和典型草原的最優(yōu)草場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模分別為10967.8畝和12166畝。針對(duì)上述研究結(jié)論,本文提出應(yīng)保證因地制宜、加快草場(chǎng)流轉(zhuǎn),分階段推進(jìn)草畜適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)、實(shí)施補(bǔ)貼和優(yōu)惠政策,扶持草場(chǎng)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)、建立草場(chǎng)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)保險(xiǎn)基金制度,降低規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、牧業(yè)資金支持系統(tǒng)及自我積累機(jī)制的建立與配合的政策建議,以促使內(nèi)蒙古草原畜牧業(yè)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In 2017, the first document of the Central Committee stressed the need to actively promote the supply-side structural reform of animal husbandry, to develop moderate scale management, and to support the family pastures of moderate scale as the direction and focus of animal husbandry reform. As the main production base of livestock products, Inner Mongolia grassland animal husbandry is faced with outstanding problems, such as the low income level of herdsmen, the deterioration of ecological environment and so on. The key to solve these problems is the moderate scale management of pastures. Therefore, this paper uses three different methods to calculate the appropriate management scale of grassland animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia from different angles, thus providing the basis for solving the problems existing in the development of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia. This study is based on 212 sample pastoral data of Inner Mongolia Meadow grassland, typical steppe, desert steppe and steppe desert four steppe types. Firstly, the relationship between animal husbandry scale management and herdsmen's income in different types of steppe regions was studied. The results showed that the income per capita of the other three types of steppe increased with the scale of pasture management, except for steppe desert. The change trend of "inverted U" type is approximately. Using DEA method to evaluate the production efficiency of herdsmen and calculate the moderate scale of pasture management under the goal of achieving higher production efficiency, most of the pastoral households in the four types of grasslands have achieved higher production efficiency. The inefficient scale is the main reason for the low production efficiency of the herdsmen. The moderate scale of the grassland management is 3811.69 mu / mu and 12599.37 mu / mu, respectively, and 15239.85 mu / mu and 12599.37 mu / mu respectively. According to the comprehensive balance method, the moderate management scale of four kinds of grassland pastures was calculated under the goal of income level. The range of moderate scale management of four kinds of grassland pastures was 4310.74 mu, 4632.88 mu, 5357.83 mu, 15376.86 mu, 15721.71 mu / mu, 20039.02 mu, respectively. Based on the multi-objective programming model, the appropriate scale of pasture management was calculated under the dual objectives of economic benefit and ecological benefit. The results showed that the optimal scale of grassland management of meadow grassland and typical grassland was 10967.8 mu and 12166 mu, respectively. In view of the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward that measures should be taken according to local conditions, grassland circulation should be quickened, appropriate scale management of grass livestock should be promoted in stages, subsidies and preferential policies should be implemented, grassland scale management should be supported, and insurance fund system for grassland scale management should be established. In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of Inner Mongolia grassland animal husbandry, it is necessary to reduce the risk of large-scale managers, establish and coordinate the system of animal husbandry fund support and self-accumulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F326.3

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