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  本文選題：勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移 + 河南省�。� 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：河南省作為我國重要的商品糧生產(chǎn)基地,同時也是我國糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)之一,每年可提供我國糧食總產(chǎn)量的1/10,截止2014年底,河南省糧食產(chǎn)量達(dá)5772萬噸,實現(xiàn)“十一連增”,糧食產(chǎn)量的增長,一方面得益于生產(chǎn)要素投入量的增加,另一方面得益于生產(chǎn)效率的提高。糧食產(chǎn)量增加的同時另一個不得不考慮的事實是隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn),大量的農(nóng)村勞動力脫離農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移至非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè),勞動力的轉(zhuǎn)移一定程度上可以釋放冗余人力資源依附在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)上的壓力,提高生產(chǎn)資源的配置效率,但另一方面,由于勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移使得農(nóng)村勞動力的結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)出婦女化、老齡化、低素質(zhì)化的特征,在河南省耕地資源及勞動力投入雙約束條件下,依靠以技術(shù)效率的提高為核心的集約型增長模式才是科學(xué)可持續(xù)的。因此,本文將勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移與糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率納入同一框架進(jìn)行研究,對河南省糧食生產(chǎn)及勞動力資源合理配置都具有重大的意義。本文在對相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行闡釋的基礎(chǔ)上,首先對河南省糧食生產(chǎn)及勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析;其次,從宏觀視角運用DEA-Tobit兩步法對河南省18個市2005-2014年糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率進(jìn)行了綜合測算,考察了勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移、城鎮(zhèn)化水平、政府支農(nóng)政策、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平和農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施幾個因素對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響,結(jié)果顯示,從近10年的時間來看,勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移規(guī)模、農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響為正,城鎮(zhèn)化水平與財政支農(nóng)資金對其的影響為負(fù);再次,基于微觀視角對345戶調(diào)查農(nóng)戶的糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率進(jìn)行了分析,從轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力的規(guī)模、質(zhì)量、年齡、地域及家庭稟賦等方面考察了其對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響,分析表明,從2014年來看,轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力的規(guī)模、年齡等對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響為負(fù);最后,結(jié)合分析結(jié)果和河南省實際情況,對河南省合理配置勞動力資源及提升糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率提出可操作性的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Henan Province, as an important commodity grain production base in China, is also one of the main grain producing areas in China. It can provide 1 / 10 of the total grain output of our country every year. By the end of 2014, the grain output in Henan Province has reached 57.72 million tons, realizing "eleven consecutive increases". The increase of grain production is due to the increase of factor input on the one hand and the improvement of production efficiency on the other. Another fact that has to be taken into account while increasing grain production is that with the development of urbanization, a large number of rural labor forces have moved away from agricultural production to non-agricultural industries. To some extent, the transfer of labor force can release the pressure of redundant human resources attached to agricultural production and improve the efficiency of the allocation of production resources. On the other hand, the structure of rural labor force is feminized because of the transfer of labor force. With the characteristics of aging and low quality, it is scientific and sustainable to rely on the intensive growth model, which is based on the improvement of technical efficiency, under the condition of double constraints of cultivated land resources and labor input in Henan Province. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the transfer of labor force and the technical efficiency of grain production in the same framework, which is of great significance to the grain production and the rational allocation of labor resources in Henan Province. Based on the explanation of relevant theories, this paper first analyzes the current situation of grain production and labor force transfer in Henan Province; secondly, The technical efficiency of grain production in 18 cities of Henan Province from 2005 to 2014 was comprehensively measured from a macro perspective using the DEA-Tobit two-step method. The transfer of labor force, the level of urbanization, and the government's policy of supporting agriculture were investigated. The effects of the level of agricultural development and agricultural infrastructure on the technical efficiency of grain production show that the scale of labor force transfer and the level of agricultural development have positive effects on the technical efficiency of grain production over the past 10 years. The level of urbanization and the financial support for agriculture have negative effects on it. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the technical efficiency of 345 households' grain production from the microscopic perspective, from the scale, quality, age of transferring labor force. The effects of geographical and family endowment on the technical efficiency of grain production are investigated. The analysis shows that the scale and age of transferring labor force have negative effects on the technical efficiency of grain production in 2014. Based on the results of the analysis and the actual situation in Henan Province, some feasible policy suggestions are put forward for the rational allocation of labor resources and the improvement of the technical efficiency of grain production in Henan Province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F326.11;F323.6

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