本文選題：全要素生產(chǎn)率(TFP) + Malmquist指數(shù)��； 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟增長一直是經(jīng)濟學研究中的一個重要領(lǐng)域。新古典經(jīng)濟增長理論認為,經(jīng)濟的增長來源于要素投入的增長和全要素生產(chǎn)率的提高。目前,黑龍江省林業(yè)發(fā)展面臨森林資源銳減、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化、林業(yè)經(jīng)濟增長后勁不足等諸多問題,長期以來依靠要素投入增長來拉動經(jīng)濟增長的粗放式發(fā)展模式,在邊際報酬遞減和資源約束的共同作用下難以為繼。在這種情況下,對黑龍江省林業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率進行研究并有效提高黑龍江省林業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率成為突破當前發(fā)展瓶頸、促進黑龍江省林業(yè)經(jīng)濟健康可持續(xù)增長的關(guān)鍵。黑龍江省林業(yè)的發(fā)展離不開政策的引導和約束,而各項林業(yè)政策是國家作為決策者對林業(yè)發(fā)展偏好和規(guī)劃的具體體現(xiàn),決策者偏好對黑龍江的林業(yè)發(fā)展非常重要。同時林業(yè)作為集經(jīng)濟效益和生態(tài)效益于一身的綜合性產(chǎn)業(yè),各項資源的投入在創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)出的同時也帶來了可觀的生態(tài)產(chǎn)出�？紤]到林業(yè)的生態(tài)產(chǎn)出和決策者偏好對黑龍江省林業(yè)發(fā)展的影響,本文在總結(jié)以往研究的基礎上,以定向距離函數(shù)為基礎,運用Malmquist指數(shù)方法,將生態(tài)產(chǎn)出和決策者偏好納入模型中對黑龍江省林業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率進行計算,并將結(jié)果分解為技術(shù)水平變動、純技術(shù)效率變動、規(guī)模效率變動三項進行具體分析。研究結(jié)果表明：2000-2012年黑龍江省林業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率整體呈下降趨勢。從全要素生產(chǎn)率變動的分解結(jié)果來看,技術(shù)水平較低,技術(shù)落后是全要素生產(chǎn)率下降的主要原因,而純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率整體呈上升態(tài)勢,是全要素生產(chǎn)率提升的主要動力,但仍然無法抵消技術(shù)落后帶來的負面影響,另一方面,傾向于林業(yè)民生工程的資本投入結(jié)構(gòu)也是造成黑龍江林業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率較低的重要原因之一�；谝陨涎芯拷Y(jié)果,論文提出鼓勵企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,加大對科技項目投資力度,優(yōu)化林區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),推進林區(qū)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級,引導黑龍江省林業(yè)經(jīng)濟從資源驅(qū)動型向科技驅(qū)動型、效率驅(qū)動型轉(zhuǎn)變等建議措施。
[Abstract]:Economic growth has been an important area of economic research. Neoclassical economic growth theory holds that economic growth comes from the growth of factor input and the improvement of total factor productivity. At present, the forestry development of Heilongjiang Province is faced with many problems, such as the sharp reduction of forest resources, the deterioration of ecological environment, the lack of reserve capacity of forestry economic growth, and so on. It is difficult to sustain under the joint action of diminishing marginal returns and resource constraints. In this case, the research on the total factor productivity of forestry in Heilongjiang Province and the effective improvement of the total factor productivity of forestry in Heilongjiang Province have become the key to break through the bottleneck of current development and promote the healthy and sustainable growth of forestry economy in Heilongjiang Province. The development of forestry in Heilongjiang Province can not be separated from the guidance and restriction of policies, and all forestry policies are the concrete embodiment of the state's preference and planning for forestry development as decision makers, and the preference of decision makers is very important to the forestry development of Heilongjiang Province. At the same time, as a comprehensive industry with economic and ecological benefits, the input of various resources not only creates economic output, but also brings considerable ecological output. Considering the influence of the ecological output of forestry and the preference of decision makers on the forestry development of Heilongjiang Province, based on the summary of previous studies and the directional distance function, the paper applies the Malmquist index method. The ecological output and the preference of decision makers were incorporated into the model to calculate the total factor productivity of forestry in Heilongjiang Province, and the results were decomposed into three items: technical level change, pure technical efficiency change and scale efficiency change. The results showed that the total factor productivity of forestry in Heilongjiang Province decreased from 2000 to 2012. According to the decomposition results of total factor productivity change, the technical level is low and the technical backwardness is the main reason for the total factor productivity decline, while the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency as a whole show an upward trend, which is the main motive force for the total factor productivity increase. On the other hand, the structure of capital investment inclined to forestry livelihood project is one of the important reasons for the low total factor productivity of forestry in Heilongjiang province. Based on the above research results, the paper proposes to encourage enterprises' technological innovation, increase investment in scientific and technological projects, optimize the industrial structure of forest regions, promote the transformation and upgrading of forestry enterprises, and guide the forestry economy of Heilongjiang Province from resource-driven to sci-tech driven. Efficiency-driven transformation and other suggested measures.
【學位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.2

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