本文選題：森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償 + 效果評(píng)價(jià)��； 參考：《云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：不斷惡化的生態(tài)環(huán)境已成為人類生存與發(fā)展的瓶頸問題,在這一背景下,人類開始探索可持續(xù)發(fā)展。生態(tài)補(bǔ)償作為改善生態(tài)環(huán)境以促使人與自然和諧發(fā)展的有效方法,在國內(nèi)外被廣泛使用。中國的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償開始于二十世紀(jì)八十年代,隨后中央政府和各級(jí)地方政府都開展了大量生態(tài)補(bǔ)償工程,學(xué)術(shù)界也圍繞這一課題進(jìn)行了深入討論。森林作為陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的主要構(gòu)成部分,其生態(tài)價(jià)值占我國生態(tài)系統(tǒng)價(jià)值的46%(謝高地等,2015),針對(duì)其的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策是研究者與政策制定者最為關(guān)注的一類生態(tài)補(bǔ)償,也是我國投入最大、效果最好、時(shí)間最持久的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償門類分支。在宏觀分析整體生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果存在困難的現(xiàn)狀下,對(duì)森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果的分析結(jié)果一定程度上反映了我國整體的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀。自二十世紀(jì)九十年代以來,國家實(shí)施了退耕還林、三北防護(hù)林工程、長江黃河中上游天然林資源保護(hù)工程、珠江流域防護(hù)林體系工程等大型森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償項(xiàng)目,取得了良好效果。從研究的區(qū)域尺度來看,目前生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果研究與生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果影響因素的分析方式分為兩類:一是微觀層面通過問卷調(diào)查結(jié)合一些評(píng)估方法定量與定性評(píng)價(jià),這一類的分析直接效果明顯,對(duì)研究區(qū)域的指導(dǎo)意義強(qiáng),是目前生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果評(píng)價(jià)的主流方法,但成本高昂,很少有研究者有這樣的研究條件;二是宏觀層面對(duì)現(xiàn)狀羅列與定性分析,或再加以簡單的描述統(tǒng)計(jì),這一類的研究所占比例較低。我國的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償是典型的政府主導(dǎo)型生態(tài)補(bǔ)償,政策決策者需要宏觀層面的研究支持。加之生態(tài)補(bǔ)償在我國不斷深入的開展,數(shù)據(jù)缺失的情況正在不斷改善,已經(jīng)具備了一些宏觀研究條件。本文嘗試在現(xiàn)有的條件下對(duì)我國的森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果從區(qū)域差異的角度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析,并對(duì)這種區(qū)域差異的產(chǎn)生原因進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。1.文中首先對(duì)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償研究領(lǐng)域的一些相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了界定,對(duì)相關(guān)的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了梳理與介紹,對(duì)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策實(shí)施原理進(jìn)行了介紹。2.隨后,梳理了現(xiàn)有的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償與生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果評(píng)價(jià)研究,并對(duì)現(xiàn)有研究做出評(píng)述。3.之后,在綜合現(xiàn)有研究條件并分析其科學(xué)性之后,提出以年新增防護(hù)林面積作為森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果的評(píng)價(jià)基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)謝高地的生態(tài)價(jià)值當(dāng)量表按省份計(jì)算了2005-2014年森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出價(jià)值的貨幣形式�；诰哂谢パa(bǔ)作用的基尼系數(shù)與泰爾指數(shù),對(duì)森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出、人均森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出與森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出密度的區(qū)域差異進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。4.最后結(jié)合本文研究與已有研究羅列出生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出效果的可能影響因素,使用2011至2014年全國面板數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出、人均森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出與森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出密度的影響因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),并基于所得回歸方程按年份分解各因素對(duì)區(qū)域差異的貢獻(xiàn)情況。本文的主要結(jié)論有:1.我國森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出存在顯著的區(qū)域差異,時(shí)間趨勢上中國整體的森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出區(qū)域差異經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了增長后有回落的趨勢。2.各區(qū)域的森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出量、人均量、密度值在2005-2014時(shí)間段內(nèi)都有明顯增長之后又發(fā)生回落。3.總的來說,中部地區(qū)森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出人均量與密度的區(qū)域差異都是差異最大的區(qū)域。4.東、中部地區(qū)內(nèi)部各指標(biāo)區(qū)域差異有縮小的趨勢,西部地區(qū)的各指標(biāo)區(qū)域差異有增大的趨勢。5.森林生態(tài)建設(shè)投資、區(qū)域人口規(guī)模、地方環(huán)境管制強(qiáng)度、區(qū)域環(huán)境宣傳力度顯著影響了森林生態(tài)補(bǔ)償產(chǎn)出。6.森林生態(tài)建設(shè)投資與地方環(huán)境管制強(qiáng)度是產(chǎn)出區(qū)域不平等的核心影響因素;其中財(cái)政規(guī)模與人口密度是人均產(chǎn)出區(qū)域差異的主要原因;森林生態(tài)建設(shè)投資與環(huán)境宣傳力度是導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)出密度區(qū)域差異的重要因素。
[Abstract]:The worsening ecological environment has become the bottleneck of human survival and development. Under this background, human beings begin to explore the sustainable development. As an effective method to improve the ecological environment to promote the harmonious development of human and nature, ecological compensation is widely used both at home and abroad. The ecological compensation of China began in 1980s. A large number of ecological compensation projects have been carried out by the central government and the local governments at all levels, and the academic circles have also discussed this subject deeply. As the main component of the land ecosystem, the ecological value of the forest accounts for 46% of the value of the ecosystem in our country (thanks to the highland, 2015), and the ecological compensation policy is the researcher and policy system. The kind of ecological compensation which is the most concerned is also the branch of ecological compensation which has the greatest input, the best effect and the most lasting time in our country. Under the present situation that the effect of the overall ecological compensation output is difficult in macro analysis, the results of the forest ecological compensation output reflect the overall ecological compensation policy of our country to a certain extent. Since 1990s, the state has achieved good results in forest ecological compensation projects, such as returning farmland to forest, three North protection forest projects, natural forest resources protection projects in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the upper and upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the protection forest system engineering of the Pearl River Valley, and achieved good results. From the regional scale of research, the effect of ecological compensation output is studied at present. The analysis methods of factors affecting the effect of ecological compensation output are divided into two types: first, the micro level is quantified and qualitative evaluated by questionnaire survey combined with some evaluation methods. This kind of analysis has obvious direct effect and strong guidance to the research area. It is the mainstream method of ecological compensation output evaluation at present, but the cost is high and little. Some researchers have such research conditions; two is the macro level facing the status quo and qualitative analysis, or a simple description of the statistics, this kind of research accounts for a lower proportion. China's ecological compensation is a typical government dominated ecological compensation, policy makers need research support at the macro level. In this paper, we try to evaluate the effect of forest ecological compensation output in China from the point of view of regional differences under the existing conditions, and analyze the causes of this regional difference in detail in.1.. Some related concepts in the research field of state compensation are defined, the relevant theoretical basis is combed and introduced, the principle of the implementation of ecological compensation policy is introduced.2., then the existing evaluation of ecological compensation and ecological compensation output effect is combed, and the existing research has been commented on the existing research article after a review of the existing research.3.. After the analysis of its scientific nature, the paper puts forward the evaluation basis of the annual new protective forest area as the effect of forest ecological compensation output, and calculates the monetary form of the 2005-2014 year forest ecological compensation output value according to the ecological value equivalent table of the Xie highland. Based on the complementation of the Gini coefficient and the Tel index, the forest ecosystems are used for forest birth. The regional differences in state compensation output, per capita forest ecological compensation output and forest ecological compensation output density are analyzed in detail. The possible influence factors on the effect of ecological compensation output are listed in the final combination of.4. and existing research, and the forest ecological compensation output and the per capita forest ecological compensation are used in the national panel data from 2011 to 2014. The influence factors of the compensatory output and the forest ecological compensation output density are tested, and the contribution of the regression equation to the regional differences is decomposed according to the annual regression equation. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. there are significant regional differences in forest ecological compensation output in China, and the forest ecological compensation production in China as a whole in the time trend. The difference between the output of the region and the forest ecological compensation output, the per capita and density value in the 2005-2014 period of 2005-2014 period and the total decrease of.3., the regional difference between the per capita and density of forest ecological compensation output in the central region is the most different region.4. East. There is a shrinking trend in the regional differences within the central region, and the regional differences in the western regions have an increasing trend in the.5. forest ecological construction investment, the regional population size, the local environmental control intensity and the regional environmental publicity intensity significantly affect the forest ecological compensation output.6. forest ecological construction investment and local environmental control. Degree is the core factor of inequality in output region, and the main reason for the regional difference of output per capita is the financial scale and population density, and the forest ecological construction investment and environmental publicity are the important factors that lead to the regional difference of output density.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F326.2;S718.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 謝高地;張彩霞;張雷明;陳文輝;李士美;;基于單位面積價(jià)值當(dāng)量因子的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值化方法改進(jìn)[J];自然資源學(xué)報(bào);2015年08期

2 徐大偉;李斌;;基于傾向值匹配法的區(qū)域生態(tài)補(bǔ)償績效評(píng)估研究[J];中國人口·資源與環(huán)境;2015年03期

3 鄧遠(yuǎn)建;肖銳;嚴(yán)立冬;;綠色農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)地環(huán)境的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策績效評(píng)價(jià)[J];中國人口·資源與環(huán)境;2015年01期

4 袁偉彥;周小柯;;生態(tài)補(bǔ)償問題國外研究進(jìn)展綜述[J];中國人口·資源與環(huán)境;2014年11期

5 楊中文;劉虹利;許新宜;王紅瑞;劉和鑫;;水生態(tài)補(bǔ)償財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度設(shè)計(jì)[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年Z1期

6 趙雪雁;;生態(tài)補(bǔ)償效率研究綜述[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2012年06期

7 竺效;;中國公眾參與環(huán)境保護(hù)的法律保障及案例分析[J];環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì);2011年12期

8 張振明;劉俊國;;生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價(jià)值研究進(jìn)展[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年09期

9 劉春江;薛惠鋒;;生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制要素、系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與概念模型的研究[J];環(huán)境污染與防治;2010年08期

10 周珂;李博;;哥本哈根會(huì)議與我國低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的法制保障——以受試者的知情告知切入[J];法學(xué)雜志;2010年07期

，

本文編號(hào)：1823323