本文選題：多維貧困 + 貧困農(nóng)戶　； 參考：《中南財經(jīng)政法大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困是當今人類社會發(fā)展面臨的重要問題,其有著深刻復雜的社會、經(jīng)濟內(nèi)涵。由于長期歷史遺留以及市場和自然風險的雙重威脅,中國農(nóng)村貧困狀況嚴重。扶貧工作雖然已經(jīng)取得了巨大成就,但在新常態(tài)形勢下,仍然面臨巨大壓力。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、社會進步和人類文明水平的提高,貧困的內(nèi)涵和界定貧困的標準發(fā)生相應的變化,貧困不僅僅是收入的缺乏,它是一種對人類基本發(fā)展能力的剝奪,表現(xiàn)在人們擁有較長壽命、擁有知識、尊嚴和體面生活等多方面權(quán)利的喪失。貧困問題的考察和分析,已從收入、消費等單一視角走向多維視角。多維貧困測量方法為貧困識別提供新的視角,使人們對貧困的認識更加全面,提高了貧困人口的瞄準率,以便于提供更好的分類救助措施,提高扶貧政策的有效性。因此,本文開展了兩個研究主題:第一,多維貧困狀況測量及脫貧政策建議;第二,多維貧困測量效果評估。本文基于阿瑪?shù)賮喩哪芰ω毨Ю碚?沿用《人類發(fā)展報告》多維貧困測量框架,結(jié)合中國實際,從健康、教育、生活水平三個維度選取了身體健康、醫(yī)療保險、成人教育、兒童教育、住房條件、生活用電、飲水安全、衛(wèi)生設施、做飯燃料、耐用品消費等10個指標,利用中國家庭動態(tài)跟蹤調(diào)查(簡稱CFPS)2014年數(shù)據(jù),運用AF法對我國農(nóng)村多維貧困狀況進行測量。其次,本文將多維貧困測量結(jié)果與實際扶貧工作中的收入貧困標準的測量結(jié)果進行比較分析,驗證多維貧困測量效果的精準度,并將收入維度納入多維貧困框架進一步驗證多維貧困測量方法的有效性。經(jīng)過實證分析,本文得出的主要結(jié)論有:1.我國農(nóng)村多維貧困發(fā)生率較高,多維貧困情況復雜,單純以收入判定貧困會低估中國農(nóng)村的貧困程度。從多維貧困的地區(qū)分布看,除了西部地區(qū)貧困問題要持續(xù)進行關注外,東部地區(qū)的多維貧困狀況也要得到重視。2.農(nóng)村成人教育及生活環(huán)境的改善應該是扶貧政策未來的重點,應該與當前我國的實施扶貧項目和美麗鄉(xiāng)村建設聯(lián)系起來。3.多維貧困測量方法優(yōu)于收入測量法。收入貧困與多維貧困的測算結(jié)果的重合度為57.21%,一方面表現(xiàn)收入在貧困測量時的關鍵和基礎作用,另一方面意味著收入測量法會遺漏42.79%的多維貧困戶。4.將收入維度納入多維貧困框架可以進一步提高多維貧困測算的精準率。納入收入維度的多維貧困測量方法與單維收入測量的擬合度提升了17.79%,從非收入貧困的群體中識別更多的多維貧困戶。為推動多維貧困測量方法的落實,本文對以下兩方面進行進一步討論:1.構(gòu)建符合我國國情的綜合貧困評價指數(shù);2.構(gòu)建貧困預防機制。
[Abstract]:Poverty is an important problem facing the development of human society today. It has a profound complex society and economic connotation. Because of the long-term history and the dual threat of market and natural risk, the poverty situation in China's rural areas is serious. Although the poverty alleviation work has made great achievements, it still faces great pressure under the new normal situation. The development of economy, social progress and the improvement of the level of human civilization, the connotation of poverty and the standard of defining poverty have changed correspondingly. Poverty is not only a lack of income, it is a deprivation of the basic human development ability, which is manifested in the loss of many rights, such as long life, knowledge, dignity and decent life. The investigation and analysis of the poverty problem has gone from a single perspective of income and consumption to a multi-dimensional perspective. The multidimensional poverty measurement method provides a new perspective for poverty recognition, makes people more comprehensive in understanding poverty, improves the targeting rate of the poor, and facilitates the provision of better classification assistance measures, so as to improve the effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation Policies. This article has carried out two research topics: first, Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and poverty reduction policy recommendations; second, multidimensional poverty measurement effect evaluation. Based on amartyson's theory of poverty, the paper adopts the human development report, multidimensional poverty measurement framework, and combines Chinese reality to select the body from three dimensions of health, education and living standards. Physical health, medical insurance, adult education, children's education, housing conditions, living electricity, drinking water safety, health facilities, cooking fuel, and durable goods consumption are 10 indicators. Using the data of Chinese family dynamic tracking survey (CFPS) in 2014, this paper uses AF method to measure the multi-dimensional poverty situation in rural villages of our country. Secondly, this paper will measure multidimensional poverty measurement. The results are compared with the measurement results of the income poverty standards in the actual poverty alleviation work, and the accuracy of the multidimensional poverty measurement results is verified, and the income dimension is incorporated into the Multidimensional Poverty framework to further verify the effectiveness of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement methods. After empirical analysis, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. the Multidimensional Poverty in China's rural areas is a multidimensional poverty. The occurrence rate is high, the Multidimensional Poverty is complex, the poverty in the rural areas is underestimated by the simple income determination poverty. In view of the multidimensional poverty area distribution, in addition to the continuous attention of the poverty in the western region, the multi-dimensional poverty in the eastern region should also be paid attention to the improvement of the rural adult education and the living environment in the.2. rural areas. The future focus of poverty alleviation policy should be related to the current implementation of poverty alleviation projects and the construction of beautiful countryside in China. The.3. multidimensional poverty measurement method is superior to the income measurement method. The coincidence degree of the results of income poverty and multidimensional poverty is 57.21%, on the one hand, the key and basic role of income in the measurement of poverty, on the other hand, means The inclusion of income dimensions into multidimensional poverty framework can further improve the accuracy of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement with the income measure missing 42.79% of the multidimensional poor households.4.. The multidimensional poverty measurement method incorporated into the income dimension and the single dimension income measurement have increased by 17.79%, and more multidimensional poor households are identified from the non income poor groups. In order to promote the implementation of multi-dimensional poverty measurement methods, the following two aspects are further discussed in this paper: 1. to build a comprehensive poverty evaluation index in line with the national conditions of our country; and 2. to build a poverty prevention mechanism.

【學位授予單位】：中南財經(jīng)政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8

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