本文選題：城市化　切入點(diǎn)：土地利用　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程面對(duì)的最大挑戰(zhàn)就是土地利用問題。伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和科技進(jìn)步,城市化水平不斷提高,同時(shí)土地利用也發(fā)生著翻天覆地的變化,更多農(nóng)業(yè)用地被征用,土地需求和土地供給之間的矛盾越發(fā)尖銳,這已經(jīng)限制了城市進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。只有改變城市外延擴(kuò)展的發(fā)展方式,合理利用土地,才能保證城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展。所以,本文研究的是北京城市化過程中土地利用變化,這具有很強(qiáng)的研究?jī)r(jià)值和指導(dǎo)意義。本論文以北京市為研究對(duì)象,討了北京城市化過程中土地利用的現(xiàn)狀及其利用特點(diǎn)。運(yùn)用相關(guān)分析和增量分析方法,對(duì)北京城市化水平與土地利用變化之間的關(guān)系、城市化水平對(duì)土地利用的影響及其程度進(jìn)行了分析,從而可以清晰的了解土地利用存在的問題,并針對(duì)這些問題提出了相關(guān)建議。本文的主要分析及觀點(diǎn)如下:在北京城市化過程中,北京市交通用地和城鎮(zhèn)村及工礦用地每年以8.089%和1.29%的速度增長(zhǎng),耕地年均減少率為0.73%。這說明每年都會(huì)有大量的農(nóng)用地被建設(shè)用地征用。城市建設(shè)與耕地保護(hù)是人們需要面對(duì)的重要問題。城市發(fā)展和土地利用集約化之間是相互促進(jìn)的關(guān)系。2004年—2013年北京市土地利用程度綜合指數(shù)區(qū)間在(300,400),從數(shù)據(jù)上可以看出北京的土地利用集約度已經(jīng)很高,但要充分發(fā)揮土地利用的潛力,還應(yīng)在城市化進(jìn)程中注重走內(nèi)涵發(fā)展的道路。城市化水平與土地利用變化顯著相關(guān)。使用EXCEL數(shù)據(jù)分析工具,對(duì)北京市城市化水平和土地利用現(xiàn)狀的分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者是顯著相關(guān),說明城市化水平是影響土地利用的主要因素。所以,在城市化過程中應(yīng)該優(yōu)化配置各種土地資源,保證城市化水平不斷深化與土地的可持續(xù)利用。目前,北京處在高度城市化階段,中心城區(qū)的城市化水平已經(jīng)很高,城市以外延方式不斷向郊區(qū)擴(kuò)張,土地潛力沒有得到充分利用;并且在城市發(fā)展的過程中,人們更關(guān)注短期利益,忽視長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益。重經(jīng)濟(jì)輕生態(tài)的結(jié)果只能是付出更大的代價(jià)來解決城市發(fā)展過程中帶來的環(huán)境問題。所以,在以后城市化過程中要加強(qiáng)農(nóng)用地占用的審批制度,落實(shí)耕地保護(hù)政策,合理構(gòu)建城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng),提高人們居住環(huán)境,實(shí)現(xiàn)土地的節(jié)約集約利用,保證城市化與經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the level of urbanization has been improved, and the land use has changed dramatically, and more agricultural land has been requisitioned. The contradiction between land demand and land supply is becoming more and more acute, which has restricted the further development of the city. Only by changing the mode of development of urban extension and expanding and using land rationally can the sustainable development of the city be ensured. This paper studies the change of land use in the process of urbanization in Beijing, which has strong research value and guiding significance. This paper discusses the present situation and characteristics of land use in the process of urbanization in Beijing. By means of correlation analysis and incremental analysis, the relationship between the level of urbanization and land use change in Beijing is discussed. The impact of urbanization on land use and its extent are analyzed, so that the problems of land use can be clearly understood. The main analysis and viewpoints of this paper are as follows: in the process of urbanization in Beijing, the traffic land, urban village and industrial and mining land in Beijing are increasing at the rate of 8.089% and 1.29% per year. The average annual reduction rate of cultivated land is 0.73. This shows that a large number of agricultural land is requisitioned every year. Urban construction and cultivated land protection are important problems that people need to face. From 2004 to 2013, the comprehensive index range of Beijing's land use degree is in the range of 300 to 400. From the data, we can see that the intensity of land use in Beijing is already very high. However, in order to give full play to the potential of land use, we should also pay attention to the road of connotation development in the process of urbanization. The level of urbanization is significantly related to land use change. EXCEL data analysis tool is used. Based on the analysis of the urbanization level and the present situation of land use in Beijing, it is found that the urbanization level is the main factor affecting the land use, and the urbanization level is the main factor affecting the land use. Therefore, the allocation of various land resources should be optimized in the process of urbanization. At present, Beijing is in a highly urbanized stage, the level of urbanization in the central urban area is already very high, and the city continues to expand to the suburbs in the form of extension. The potential of land is not fully utilized; and in the process of urban development, there is a greater focus on short-term benefits, Neglecting long-term interests. The result of emphasizing economy over ecology can only be to pay a greater price to solve the environmental problems brought about in the process of urban development. Therefore, in the future urbanization process, we should strengthen the examination and approval system for the occupation of agricultural land. The policy of cultivated land protection should be carried out, the urban ecosystem should be constructed rationally, the living environment of people should be improved, the land could be saved and utilized intensively, and urbanization and economic sustainable development could be ensured.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F301.2

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