【摘要】：本文在基于已有的對(duì)旅游氣候舒適性的研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,以杭州西湖風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)為研究區(qū)域,以部分區(qū)域?yàn)榇硌芯繂卧?主要探討杭州西湖景區(qū)的旅游環(huán)境舒適度及其時(shí)空分布特征。 本文以實(shí)驗(yàn)抽樣檢測(cè)的方法,選擇具有代表性的六個(gè)檢測(cè)點(diǎn),對(duì)西湖風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)及杭州城區(qū)氣溫、相對(duì)濕度、空氣質(zhì)量和聲環(huán)境四項(xiàng)要素的年內(nèi)變化特征以及它們對(duì)旅游環(huán)境舒適性的影響機(jī)理進(jìn)行探討,認(rèn)為：氣溫、相對(duì)濕度和噪聲是影響西湖景區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適度的主要因素,空氣質(zhì)量雖然對(duì)旅游環(huán)境舒適度有一定的影響,但是在西湖景區(qū),優(yōu)良的空氣質(zhì)量對(duì)其旅游環(huán)境舒適性無(wú)明顯影響。 文章對(duì)西湖景區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適度進(jìn)行了定性評(píng)價(jià)和定量評(píng)價(jià),采用指數(shù)計(jì)算法。本文在氣溫、相對(duì)濕度和噪聲的數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,選擇適合西湖景區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適性評(píng)判的溫濕指數(shù)并建立旅游環(huán)境舒適指數(shù)模型。利用實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)所得的當(dāng)日短時(shí)氣溫、短時(shí)相對(duì)濕度資料,計(jì)算了西湖景區(qū)各檢測(cè)點(diǎn)的溫濕指數(shù)的值,在前者的基礎(chǔ)上,又添加噪聲這一指標(biāo)來(lái)計(jì)算旅游環(huán)境舒適指數(shù),確定出了西湖景區(qū)各月份的平均旅游環(huán)境舒適度等級(jí)。 根據(jù)結(jié)果分析可知：西湖景區(qū)全年的旅游環(huán)境舒適性中以山區(qū)環(huán)境舒適性最高,全年最適宜旅游的月份最長(zhǎng)有3—11月共9個(gè)月。湖心區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適度僅次于山區(qū),在4—11月共8個(gè)月間環(huán)境舒適,適宜旅游。近城區(qū)的旅游環(huán)境舒適度較湖心區(qū)次之,但仍高于游人聚集區(qū)和交通繁忙區(qū),在5—11月共7個(gè)月間環(huán)境舒適,適宜旅游。游人聚集區(qū)和交通繁忙區(qū)環(huán)境舒適度不佳。綜合而言西湖景區(qū)的旅游環(huán)境舒適性以近城區(qū)、湖心區(qū)和山區(qū)最為舒適。杭州城區(qū)的旅游環(huán)境舒適月為5—11月,最適宜旅游。西湖景區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適性以冬季為最低；夏季次之；春秋兩季舒適性較高,較適宜游覽。就全年旅游環(huán)境舒適度而言,西湖景區(qū)明顯優(yōu)于杭州城區(qū)。 此外,文章應(yīng)用空間分析法對(duì)西湖景區(qū)及杭州城區(qū)旅游環(huán)境舒適性的差異進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,有如下發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)杭州西湖風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)山區(qū)以低山丘陵為主,地形復(fù)雜。山林植被對(duì)提高景區(qū)空氣負(fù)離子濃度含量有顯著效果,同時(shí)在夏季對(duì)環(huán)境有減溫作用,冬季則起保溫作用。(2)西湖景區(qū)中西湖水體有調(diào)節(jié)氣溫的作用,同時(shí)可增加環(huán)境濕度,形成了具有西湖特色的環(huán)境微氣候。(3)杭州城區(qū)密集而又高低錯(cuò)落的建筑,硬化地表和較少的植被,導(dǎo)致局部小氣候舒適性不如西湖景區(qū)。
[Abstract]:Based on the existing research results of tourism climate comfort, this paper takes the West Lake scenic spot in Hangzhou as the research area and some regions as the representative research unit. This paper mainly discusses the tourism environment comfort and space-time distribution characteristics of Hangzhou West Lake Scenic area. In this paper, by the method of experimental sampling, we select six representative detection points, and compare the temperature and relative humidity of West Lake scenic spot and Hangzhou urban area. The variation characteristics of the four elements of air quality and sound environment in the year and their influence mechanism on the comfort of tourist environment are discussed. It is concluded that temperature, relative humidity and noise are the main factors affecting the comfort of tourist environment in West Lake scenic area. Although the air quality has certain influence on the tourism environment comfort, but in the West Lake scenic area, the excellent air quality has no obvious influence on the tourism environment comfort. In this paper, the tourism environment comfort of West Lake scenic spot is evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, and the index calculation method is used. Based on the data of temperature, relative humidity and noise, this paper selects the temperature and humidity index which is suitable for the evaluation of the comfort of the tourist environment in the West Lake scenic area, and establishes the model of the comfort index of the tourist environment. Based on the data of the short-time air temperature and the short-term relative humidity obtained from the experiment, the temperature and humidity index of each detection point in the West Lake Scenic area is calculated. On the basis of the former, the tourist environment comfort index is calculated by adding the index of noise. The average tourism environment comfort grade in each month of West Lake Scenic area is determined. According to the analysis of the results, the tourism environment comfort of the West Lake scenic area is the highest in the whole year, and the most suitable month for tourism in the whole year is 3-11 months and 9 months. The tourist environment in the center of the lake is second only to the mountain area. It is comfortable and suitable for tourism for 8 months in April-November. The comfortableness of the tourism environment near the urban area is lower than that of the central lake area, but it is still higher than that of the tourist gathering area and the heavy traffic area. The tourist environment is comfortable for 7 months in May and November, and is suitable for tourism. Tourist areas and heavy traffic areas of the environment is not good. In a word, the tourist environment comfort of West Lake Scenic area is near urban area, lake center area and mountain area. Hangzhou urban tourism environment comfort month is May-November, the most suitable for tourism. West Lake scenic spot tourism environment comfort is the lowest in winter, followed by summer; spring and autumn two seasons comfort is higher, more suitable for sightseeing. In terms of the comfort of the tourist environment throughout the year, the West Lake scenic area is obviously superior to the Hangzhou urban area. In addition, the paper makes a detailed analysis on the difference of tourism environment comfort between West Lake scenic area and Hangzhou urban area by using spatial analysis method. The results are as follows: (1) the mountainous area of West Lake scenic area in Hangzhou is dominated by low mountains and hills, and the terrain is complex. The vegetation of mountain forest has remarkable effect on increasing the concentration of negative ion in the air of scenic spot, at the same time, it can reduce the temperature in summer and heat preservation in winter. (2) the water body of West Lake in West Lake can regulate the air temperature and increase the environmental humidity at the same time. The environmental microclimate with the characteristics of West Lake has formed. (3) the dense and high and low buildings in Hangzhou City, hardened surface and less vegetation, lead to the local microclimate comfort is not as good as the West Lake scenic area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F592.7;F205;F224

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