【摘要】：基于地面氣象觀測資料和通用熱氣候指數(shù),研究中國12個重點旅游城市的氣候舒適度及其1960-2013年間的變化趨勢。結(jié)果顯示:1依據(jù)氣候舒適度年內(nèi)分布特征,所有城市可分為5種類型,即春、秋適型,春、秋、冬適型,春、夏、秋適型,冬適型和全年不適型。2 1960-2013年,年均通用熱氣候指數(shù)基本均顯著增加;哈爾濱、大連增幅最大,分別達1.73oC/10a、1.44oC/10a。月均通用熱氣候指數(shù)也一致增加,且增幅冬季大、夏季小。3從年尺度看,各城市"冷不舒適"頻率降低,"熱不舒適"頻率增加。哈爾濱、烏魯木齊、北京、拉薩、西安、上海、三亞年"舒適"頻率增加,尤其拉薩增幅高達8.9 d/10a;呼和浩特、大連、昆明、重慶、廣州年"舒適"頻率降低。4從月尺度看,6-9月的"舒適"頻率整體降低;11-2月的"舒適"頻率整體增加;3-5月及10月表現(xiàn)為緯度或海拔較高城市的"舒適"頻率增加,其余城市降低。
[Abstract]:Based on the surface meteorological observation data and the general thermal climate index, the climate comfort of 12 key tourist cities in China and its changing trend during 1960-2013 were studied. The results show that all cities can be divided into five types according to the distribution characteristics of climatic comfort, namely spring, autumn, winter, spring, summer, autumn, winter and annual discomfort. 2 1960-2013. The average annual general thermal climate index increased significantly, while Harbin and Dalian increased the most, reaching 1.73 OC / 10 a / 10 a and 1.44 OC / 10 a respectively. The monthly average general thermal climate index also increases consistently, and the increase is large in winter. In summer, the frequency of "cold uncomfortable" decreases and the frequency of "thermal discomfort" increases on an annual scale. In Harbin, Urumqi, Beijing, Lhasa, Xi'an, Shanghai, Sanya, the frequency of "comfort" has increased, especially in Lhasa by 8.9 days / 10a; Hohhot, Dalian, Kunming, Chongqing, The frequency of "comfort" in Guangzhou is reduced from June to September. The overall frequency of "comfort" in June to September is lower. The frequency of "comfort" in November and February is increased in general. The frequency of "comfort" in cities with higher latitude or altitude in October is higher than that in other cities, while that in other cities is lower.
【作者單位】： 中國科學院地理科學與資源研究所中國科學院陸地表層格局與模擬重點實驗室;中國科學院大學;
【基金】：科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項(2011FY120300) 中科院項目XDA05080100 中國氣象局課題“避暑旅游指數(shù)研究”
【分類號】：F592

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