【摘要】：隨著延邊州旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,導(dǎo)游隊伍不斷壯大,為推動地方旅游經(jīng)濟做出了巨大的貢獻。但由于旅游市場本身還存在許多尚未得以解決的問題和矛盾,使得導(dǎo)游人員在這個大環(huán)境下工作,自然會受到一定影響。導(dǎo)游人員作為一個曾經(jīng)令普通人羨慕和尊重的職業(yè),伴隨著旅游市場的開放,導(dǎo)游人員的人事制度和職稱制度都已經(jīng)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的改變,已經(jīng)與那個曾經(jīng)圍繞著光環(huán)的職業(yè)有了天壤之別,因為現(xiàn)在的導(dǎo)游人員只有少數(shù)人才有保底工資而且可謂是少之又少,且業(yè)務(wù)水平參差不齊,導(dǎo)游人員自身所反映出的問題也越來越受到社會的各方關(guān)注。但造成這種局面的原因是與導(dǎo)游的日常生存環(huán)境分不開的。他們首先要面臨著旅行社之間的激烈競爭,其次面對著不同收入結(jié)構(gòu)組成的游客,使導(dǎo)游人員的生存發(fā)展?fàn)顩r變得不容樂觀。 旅游本身作為一個復(fù)雜的綜合體：從旅行社的角度來看是“文化資本向經(jīng)濟資本的過渡”；從旅游者的角度來看是“生活方式和品位的轉(zhuǎn)變”；從媒體的角度來看是“潛規(guī)則橫行的發(fā)酵場所”；從導(dǎo)游的角度來看是“實現(xiàn)自我價值體現(xiàn)的機會”。透過這幾種關(guān)系看問題,可以想象現(xiàn)實生活中的導(dǎo)游人員是在多方博弈中求生存。在這種生存的夾縫中導(dǎo)游想要實現(xiàn)自我價值、提升自身業(yè)務(wù)技能、改變所處環(huán)境其難度是非常大的。 本文針對導(dǎo)游人員從業(yè)現(xiàn)狀和管理中存在的問題進行調(diào)查,以延邊朝鮮族自治州導(dǎo)游人員為調(diào)查對象,一如既往地關(guān)心事件、行為主體一人。旅游中的這些“他人”也包括導(dǎo)游人員,進行一系列研究,從旅游人類學(xué)視角描述和分析延邊州導(dǎo)游人員的經(jīng)濟、性別、政策、健康、婚姻家庭與社會保障等方面的生存狀況,揭示延邊州導(dǎo)游人員生存現(xiàn)狀的特點以及存在的特殊性問題,并為改善導(dǎo)游人員生存狀況提出相應(yīng)的對策建議。探索新問題,提出新辦法、新理論,從而找出能真正解決導(dǎo)游生存問題的良藥,促使導(dǎo)游行業(yè)能真正地健康和持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the tourism industry in Yanbian, the tour guide team has been expanding and has made great contributions to promoting the local tourism economy. However, because there are still many problems and contradictions that have not been solved in the tourism market itself, the tour guide will have a certain influence on this environment. The occupations that once envied and respected the ordinary people, with the opening of the tourist market, the personnel system and the title system of the tour guides have changed dramatically, and have been different from that of the profession that once surrounded the halo, because only a few of the tour guides now have a few talented people who have a guarantee of wages and can be said to be few. There are few, and the business level is uneven, and the problems reflected by the tour guides are getting more and more attention from all sides of the society. However, the cause of this situation is inseparable from the daily living environment of the tour guides. The survival and development of tour guides is not optimistic.
Tourism itself is a complex complex: from the point of view of the travel agency, "the transition of cultural capital to economic capital"; from the point of view of the tourists is "the change of life style and taste"; from the point of view of the media is the "submersible fermenting place"; from a guide point of view it is "to realize self." Through these relationships, we can imagine that a guide in real life is in a multiparty game to survive. It is very difficult for a guide to achieve self value, improve his own business skills, and change the environment in which it is living.
This paper investigates the present situation and the problems in the management of the tour guides, taking the tour guides of the Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Yanbian as the investigation object, as always concerned with the events and the behavior subject. These "others" in the tour also include the tour guides, carrying out a series of studies, describing and analyzing Yanbian from the perspective of tourism anthropology. The state of the economy, sex, policy, health, marriage, family and social security in the state of the state, reveals the characteristics and special problems of the present status of the tour guides in Yanbian, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to improve the living conditions of the tour guides. The real solution to the survival problem of tour guides is to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the tour guide industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F592.7

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