本文選題：導游 + 職業(yè)認同��； 參考：《山東大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：導游作為各項旅游產品和活動的聯(lián)結者,直接影響著旅游者的旅游體驗,在整個旅游過程中起著至關重要的作用。改革開放以來我國旅游業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展,在推動導游隊伍成長壯大的同時,也使其面臨諸多問題和挑戰(zhàn)：導游員素質參差不齊,導游隊伍流動率居高不下,導游職業(yè)社會形象不斷惡化。已有的對導游的研究多從管理者視角出發(fā),隨著旅游業(yè)發(fā)展和“以人為本”管理理念的普及,研究者開始更多地關注導游的職業(yè)心理。 職業(yè)認同作為一種內在激勵性因素,直接影響著導游自身專業(yè)發(fā)展的愿望強度,關系到導游的職業(yè)倦怠水平、工作幸福感指數(shù)等情緒體驗。它不僅是導游做好本職工作的心理基礎,更是打造一支高素質、有凝聚力的導游隊伍的必然要求。然而,哪些因素會影響到導游的職業(yè)認同呢?這些因素的影響程度又具體有多大?這些無疑是提出針對性的職業(yè)認同干預策略、提升導游職業(yè)認同水平必須面對和探討的關鍵性問題。 本文采用了扎根理論的質性研究方法。通過與一線優(yōu)秀導游的訪談獲取了大量第一手的研究資料,并對其進行了三個級別的編碼分析,從中提取了28個基本概念、7個范疇和3個核心類屬,在此基礎上初步構建了導游職業(yè)認同影響因素的理論框架。為進一步檢驗理論的科學性和合理性,明確各因素影響程度的大小,本文依據(jù)質性研究的結果編制了《導游人員職業(yè)認同調查問卷》,開展量化研究。通過調查發(fā)現(xiàn),導游的職業(yè)認同總體水平為3.97,遠高于一般水平,且受教育程度、掛靠單位、所在城市的不同會帶來導游職業(yè)認同水平的差異。調查數(shù)據(jù)的因子分析和回歸分析結果表明,導游職業(yè)認同影響因素主要是由個體因素、職業(yè)特征、外部支持、組織環(huán)境以及工作認可等5個維度構成,而導游職業(yè)認同則包含職業(yè)情感和職業(yè)成長意愿2個維度。組織環(huán)境、個體因素、工作認可和職業(yè)特征4個要素對導游的職業(yè)成長意愿有顯著影響,而外部支持、個體因素、職業(yè)特征、組織環(huán)境4個要素則對導游職業(yè)情感存在著顯著的正向影響。在此基礎上,本文提出了個體干預、組織干預、社會干預和制度干預的職業(yè)認同干預策略,對改善導游人員職業(yè)現(xiàn)狀、提升導游人員職業(yè)認同水平有著重要的理論意義和實踐意義。
[Abstract]:Tour guide, as the link of various tourism products and activities, has a direct impact on the tourist experience and plays a vital role in the whole tourism process. Since the reform and opening up, the tourism industry of our country has developed vigorously, which not only promotes the growth and expansion of tour guides, but also makes them face many problems and challenges: the quality of tour guides is uneven, and the turnover rate of tour guides is high. The professional social image of tour guides is deteriorating. With the development of tourism industry and the popularization of "people-oriented" management concept, researchers begin to pay more attention to the professional psychology of tour guides. As an internal incentive factor, professional identity directly affects the intensity of professional development of tour guides, related to their job burnout level, job well-being index and other emotional experience. It is not only the psychological basis for tour guides to do their own work, but also the inevitable requirement of creating a high quality and cohesive tour guide team. However, what factors will affect the professional identity of tour guides? What is the extent of these factors? These are the key problems that must be faced and discussed in order to raise the level of professional identity of tour guides. In this paper, the qualitative research method of rooted theory is adopted. Through interviews with first-line excellent tour guides, a large number of first-hand research materials were obtained, and three levels of coding analysis were carried out, from which 28 basic concepts, 7 categories and 3 core categories were extracted. On this basis, the theoretical framework of influencing factors of guide professional identity is preliminarily constructed. In order to further test the scientific and reasonable nature of the theory and determine the extent of the influence of various factors, this paper, based on the results of qualitative research, compiled the questionnaire of professional identity of tour guides and carried out quantitative research. Through the investigation, it is found that the overall level of professional identity of tour guides is 3.97, which is far higher than the general level. The results of factor analysis and regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of professional identity of tour guides were mainly composed of five dimensions: individual factors, professional characteristics, external support, organizational environment and job recognition. The professional identity of tour guides includes two dimensions: career emotion and career growth intention. Organizational environment, individual factors, job recognition and professional characteristics have significant effects on the career growth willingness of tour guides, while external support, individual factors, professional characteristics, The four factors of organizational environment have significant positive influence on the professional emotion of tour guides. On this basis, this paper puts forward the intervention strategies of individual intervention, organizational intervention, social intervention and institutional intervention, which can improve the professional status of tour guides. Improving the level of professional identity of tour guides has important theoretical and practical significance.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F592.6;F224

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