本文選題：環(huán)境政策工具 + 生態(tài)旅游　； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)旅游在我國處于起步階段,生態(tài)旅游在實踐中產生的問題很大程度上需要正確的環(huán)境政策工具對其進行引導、糾正,使其按照良性的方向發(fā)展,只有使用科學規(guī)范的政策工具進行管理,生態(tài)旅游模式才能發(fā)揮出應有的作用。 本文通過文獻分析法、比較分析法等調查方法,總結出我國現(xiàn)行的命令-控制型政策工具、經濟激勵型政策工具和公眾參與型政策工具,在生態(tài)旅游管理過程中均一定程度的發(fā)揮了作用。命令-控制型環(huán)境政策工具通過對當事人行為的直接控制,以及相關法律法規(guī)的保證,使得政策執(zhí)行迅速、有力,是一種在生態(tài)旅游管理方面行之有效的工具；經濟激勵型政策工具主要依托市場機制發(fā)揮作用,與命令-控制型政策工具相比更具有靈活性,最常見的經濟激勵型工具是排污稅、補貼和生態(tài)補償費；由于政府失靈和市場失靈的存在,公眾參與型工具受到廣泛的關注,在生態(tài)旅游管理領域,最常見的政策工具有生態(tài)旅游認證、IS014000環(huán)境管理體系、自愿性環(huán)境協(xié)議等。在實踐層面,本文以張家界國家森林公園為例,探討三種環(huán)境政策工具在實際生態(tài)旅游管理中的運用情況。 命令控制型政策工具的使用,對生態(tài)旅游資源的保護、生態(tài)旅游管理的有效實施發(fā)揮著重要的作用；經濟激勵型政策工具有利于旅游企業(yè)自覺運用先進的技術或開發(fā)方法,盡量減少旅游活動對環(huán)境的影響；公眾參與型工具對個人和政府的生態(tài)旅游管理行為是一種無形的壓力,促使其認識到自己保護生態(tài)環(huán)境的權利和義務,從而加強對生態(tài)旅游環(huán)境問題的保護和管理,推動整個生態(tài)旅游管理事業(yè)的發(fā)展。通過對張家界國家森林公園的實證分析與研究,更驗證了以上結論。 環(huán)境政策工具已經在生態(tài)旅游管理中發(fā)揮了積極的作用,在一定程度上說明了環(huán)境政策工具在生態(tài)旅游管理中的有效性。同時,隨著生態(tài)旅游法律政策、經濟制度的不斷完善,環(huán)境政策工具會促進生態(tài)旅游管理的積極開展、生態(tài)旅游活動的良性發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Ecotourism is in its initial stage in our country. The problems arising from the practice of ecotourism need to be guided and corrected by correct environmental policy tools to a great extent, so that it can develop in a benign direction. Only by using scientific and normative policy tools can ecotourism model play its due role. Through literature analysis, comparative analysis and other investigation methods, this paper summarizes the current command-control policy tools, economic incentive policy tools and public participation policy tools in China. In the ecotourism management process, to a certain extent has played a role. Through the direct control of the behavior of the parties and the guarantee of the relevant laws and regulations, the command-control environmental policy tool makes the policy execute quickly and effectively, which is an effective tool in the management of ecotourism. The economic incentive policy tool mainly relies on the market mechanism to play its role and is more flexible than the command-control policy tool. The most common economic incentive tools are emission tax subsidies and ecological compensation. Due to the existence of government failure and market failure, public participation tools have received extensive attention. In the field of ecotourism management, the most common policy tools are eco-tourism certification system, voluntary environmental agreement and so on. On the practical level, this paper takes Zhangjiajie National Forest Park as an example to discuss the application of three kinds of environmental policy tools in the actual ecotourism management. The use of command-and-control policy tools plays an important role in the protection of eco-tourism resources and the effective implementation of eco-tourism management. Minimizing the impact of tourism activities on the environment; instruments of public participation are an intangible pressure on individuals and governments to manage ecotourism and promote awareness of their rights and obligations to protect the environment, So as to strengthen the protection and management of eco-tourism environmental problems, promote the development of the whole ecotourism management. Through the empirical analysis and research on Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, the above conclusions are verified. The environmental policy tools have played an active role in the ecotourism management, which to some extent shows the effectiveness of the environmental policy tools in the ecotourism management. At the same time, with the law and policy of ecotourism and the continuous improvement of economic system, the tools of environmental policy will promote the positive development of ecotourism management and the healthy development of ecotourism activities.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X322;F592.1

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本文編號：1794118