北京市農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社融資問題研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-21 14:14
【摘要】：任何經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的發(fā)展壯大都離不開資金的支持。伴隨著農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社的發(fā)展壯大，融資問題日益凸顯已成為制約當(dāng)前北京市農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社發(fā)展的瓶頸問題。本論文以北京市農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社為研究對(duì)象，采取問卷調(diào)研和實(shí)地調(diào)研的方式，共發(fā)放調(diào)研問卷99份，先后實(shí)地調(diào)研了密云、平谷、通州等區(qū)縣合作社典型融資案例，同密云農(nóng)業(yè)擔(dān)保公司、北京農(nóng)業(yè)擔(dān)保公司、農(nóng)業(yè)銀行北京分行等農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人座談，進(jìn)行了充分深入的前期調(diào)研。在此基礎(chǔ)上，客觀分析了北京市農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社融資難現(xiàn)狀，總結(jié)了目前北京市在破解合作社融資難問題上實(shí)踐探索的四種模式，并對(duì)上述模式進(jìn)行了比較研究，最后提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。 本論文主要結(jié)論如下： 1、目前北京市農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社存在強(qiáng)烈的資金需求。 2、合作社資金需求以生產(chǎn)性資金需求為主，資金需求期限以一到三年為主，資金需求時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)不確定性。銀行是合作社最期望的融資渠道。但由于缺乏抵押品和銀行苛刻的信貸條件，廣泛存在一批“無信心的非借貸者”。 3、外部融資是合作社做大做強(qiáng)的重要支撐。但從貸款用途看，銀行更偏重于流動(dòng)資金貸款，而合作社資金需求主要為固定資產(chǎn)投資貸款。銀行貸款和合作社資金需求之間存在明顯的結(jié)構(gòu)矛盾。從貸款利率來看，貸款的平均利率為6.72%。本地商業(yè)銀行貸款利率最低，郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行貸款利率最高，村鎮(zhèn)銀行和國開行居中。從利率形成來看，專業(yè)合作社貸款遠(yuǎn)非一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)，銀行間差異較大的利率水平反映了信貸約束問題比較嚴(yán)重。 4、內(nèi)部信用合作是農(nóng)戶之間進(jìn)行內(nèi)部資金融通的重要渠道，但內(nèi)部信用合作集中起來的資金并未發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作用，政府的貼息出現(xiàn)“利差倒掛”不利于合作社的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展和信用意識(shí)培養(yǎng)。 5、北京市在破解合作社融資問題的實(shí)踐探索上形成了四種典型模式：①組建農(nóng)業(yè)擔(dān)保公司，政府對(duì)合作社貸款貼息和保費(fèi)支持模式②合作社林權(quán)抵押貸款模式③合作社聯(lián)保貸模式④合作社內(nèi)部資金互助模式。分別分析了每種模式的運(yùn)行機(jī)制、優(yōu)勢(shì)、適用條件和范圍，并對(duì)四種模式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，為不同的合作社選擇融資模式作出依據(jù)。 6、對(duì)合作社融資問題的對(duì)策建議包括營造合作社融資的社會(huì)環(huán)境、完善合作社融資的政策支持體系、建立合作社融資的信用評(píng)價(jià)體系、加強(qiáng)合作社的內(nèi)部管理、提升融資實(shí)力。
[Abstract]:The development and growth of any economic organization can not be separated from the support of funds. With the development and growth of farmers' professional cooperatives, the financing problem has become a bottleneck restricting the development of farmers' professional cooperatives in Beijing. This paper takes Beijing farmers' professional cooperatives as the research object, adopts the way of questionnaire investigation and field investigation, sends out a total of 99 questionnaires, has investigated the typical financing cases of Miyun, Pinggu, Tongzhou and other districts and counties, and discussed with the heads of rural financial institutions such as Miyun Agricultural guarantee Company, Beijing Agricultural guarantee Company, Agricultural Bank of China Beijing Branch and so on. On this basis, this paper objectively analyzes the present situation of the financing difficulties of farmers' professional cooperatives in Beijing, summarizes the four modes of practical exploration on solving the financing difficulties of cooperatives in Beijing at present, and makes a comparative study on the above models, and finally puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. At present, there is a strong demand for funds in Beijing farmers' professional cooperatives. 2. The capital demand of cooperatives is mainly productive capital demand, the duration of capital demand is one to three years, and the time of capital demand is uncertain. Banks are the most expected financing channels for cooperatives. However, due to the lack of collateral and stringent bank credit conditions, there is a wide range of "unconfident non-borrowers." 3. External financing is an important support for cooperatives to become bigger and stronger. However, from the point of view of loan use, banks pay more attention to liquidity loans, and cooperative capital demand is mainly fixed asset investment loans. There is an obvious structural contradiction between bank loans and cooperative capital demand. Judging from the interest rate of the loan, the average interest rate of the loan is 6.72%. Local commercial bank loan interest rate is the lowest, postal savings bank loan interest rate is the highest, village bank and CDB are in the middle. From the point of view of interest rate formation, professional cooperative loans are far from a competitive market, and the different interest rate levels between banks reflect the serious problem of credit constraints. 4. Internal credit cooperation is an important channel for farmers to carry out internal capital financing, but the funds concentrated in internal credit cooperation have not played their due role. The "upside down" of government discount is not conducive to the long-term development of cooperatives and the cultivation of credit awareness. 5. Beijing has formed four typical models in the practical exploration of solving the financing problems of cooperatives: (1) the establishment of agricultural guarantee companies, the government's discount and premium support mode for cooperative loans, the cooperative forest right mortgage model (3), the cooperative co-guarantee mode (4), the cooperative internal financial assistance mode (4). This paper analyzes the operation mechanism, advantages, applicable conditions and scope of each mode, and makes a comparative analysis of the four modes, so as to provide the basis for different cooperatives to choose the financing mode. 6. the countermeasures and suggestions for cooperative financing include creating the social environment of cooperative financing, perfecting the policy support system of cooperative financing, establishing the credit evaluation system of cooperative financing, strengthening the internal management of cooperatives and improving the financing strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F302.6;F321.42
本文編號(hào)：2504137
[Abstract]:The development and growth of any economic organization can not be separated from the support of funds. With the development and growth of farmers' professional cooperatives, the financing problem has become a bottleneck restricting the development of farmers' professional cooperatives in Beijing. This paper takes Beijing farmers' professional cooperatives as the research object, adopts the way of questionnaire investigation and field investigation, sends out a total of 99 questionnaires, has investigated the typical financing cases of Miyun, Pinggu, Tongzhou and other districts and counties, and discussed with the heads of rural financial institutions such as Miyun Agricultural guarantee Company, Beijing Agricultural guarantee Company, Agricultural Bank of China Beijing Branch and so on. On this basis, this paper objectively analyzes the present situation of the financing difficulties of farmers' professional cooperatives in Beijing, summarizes the four modes of practical exploration on solving the financing difficulties of cooperatives in Beijing at present, and makes a comparative study on the above models, and finally puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. At present, there is a strong demand for funds in Beijing farmers' professional cooperatives. 2. The capital demand of cooperatives is mainly productive capital demand, the duration of capital demand is one to three years, and the time of capital demand is uncertain. Banks are the most expected financing channels for cooperatives. However, due to the lack of collateral and stringent bank credit conditions, there is a wide range of "unconfident non-borrowers." 3. External financing is an important support for cooperatives to become bigger and stronger. However, from the point of view of loan use, banks pay more attention to liquidity loans, and cooperative capital demand is mainly fixed asset investment loans. There is an obvious structural contradiction between bank loans and cooperative capital demand. Judging from the interest rate of the loan, the average interest rate of the loan is 6.72%. Local commercial bank loan interest rate is the lowest, postal savings bank loan interest rate is the highest, village bank and CDB are in the middle. From the point of view of interest rate formation, professional cooperative loans are far from a competitive market, and the different interest rate levels between banks reflect the serious problem of credit constraints. 4. Internal credit cooperation is an important channel for farmers to carry out internal capital financing, but the funds concentrated in internal credit cooperation have not played their due role. The "upside down" of government discount is not conducive to the long-term development of cooperatives and the cultivation of credit awareness. 5. Beijing has formed four typical models in the practical exploration of solving the financing problems of cooperatives: (1) the establishment of agricultural guarantee companies, the government's discount and premium support mode for cooperative loans, the cooperative forest right mortgage model (3), the cooperative co-guarantee mode (4), the cooperative internal financial assistance mode (4). This paper analyzes the operation mechanism, advantages, applicable conditions and scope of each mode, and makes a comparative analysis of the four modes, so as to provide the basis for different cooperatives to choose the financing mode. 6. the countermeasures and suggestions for cooperative financing include creating the social environment of cooperative financing, perfecting the policy support system of cooperative financing, establishing the credit evaluation system of cooperative financing, strengthening the internal management of cooperatives and improving the financing strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F302.6;F321.42
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，本文編號(hào)：2504137
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