【摘要】： 勞森的批判實在論用隱藏在現(xiàn)象背后的結構來解釋經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象，從而為經(jīng)濟學方法論提供一個本體論基礎。本文主要闡述批判實在論在經(jīng)濟學中的運用，在闡述的基礎上進行評析，，認為勞森的理論確實使經(jīng)濟學建立在一個更為堅實的基礎上，豐富和完善了經(jīng)濟學方法論。但勞森在承認經(jīng)濟結構易變的同時，仍然相信不同的結構可以有統(tǒng)一的理論，不承認經(jīng)濟學可能有不同的方法論綱領，這就使得批判實在論缺乏經(jīng)驗內容。 本文首先闡述了勞森對演繹主義及其經(jīng)驗實在論前提進行的批判，并在此基礎上，提出了以先驗實在論為本體論基礎的科學解釋觀，即批判實在論。該理論認為科學的主要目標不是關注事件的恒常聯(lián)系，而是關注隱藏在現(xiàn)象背后的結構、機制、力量和趨勢。 然后，本文詳細闡述了甚于批判實在論的經(jīng)濟學方法論主要內容，勞森試圖用批判實在論理論建立一個統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟學方法論�；居^點有：(1)經(jīng)濟學的主要目標是解釋而不是預測；(2)經(jīng)濟結構是環(huán)境相關的和易變的；(3)用經(jīng)濟結構來解釋經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象；(4)經(jīng)濟政策的目標是用想要的結構來代替不想要的結構，以實現(xiàn)人類解放；(5)經(jīng)濟事件的聯(lián)系是半規(guī)則性的。 最后，本文結合兩個經(jīng)濟學實例對勞森的批判實在論進行評析。認為勞森用環(huán)境相關和易變的結構來解釋經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象具有合理性，彌補了演繹主義的一些不足。但勞森否認經(jīng)濟預測，卻沒有給出成功解釋的標準，同時他試圖把批判實在論作為一個統(tǒng)一的經(jīng)濟學方法論，這同主流經(jīng)濟學家追求普遍的經(jīng)濟學理論所犯的錯誤一樣。
[Abstract]:Lawson's critical realism interprets economic phenomena with the structure hidden behind them, thus providing an ontological basis for the methodology of economics. This paper mainly expounds the application of critical realism in economics, and comments on it on the basis of expatiation, and concludes that Lawson's theory does make economics on a more solid basis and enriches and perfects the methodology of economics. But while admitting that economic structure is changeable, Lawson still believes that different structures can have a unified theory, and that economics may have different methodological programs, which makes critical realism lack of experience. This paper first expounds Lawson's criticism of deductivism and its premise of empirical realism, and on this basis, puts forward a view of scientific interpretation based on transcendental realism, that is, critical realism. The theory holds that the main goal of science is not to pay attention to the constant connection of events, but to pay attention to the structure, mechanism, strength and trend hidden behind the phenomenon. Then, this paper elaborates the main contents of economics methodology, which is even more important than critical realism. Lawson tries to establish a unified economic methodology with the theory of critical realism. The basic viewpoints are as follows: (1) the main objective of economics is to explain rather than predict; (2) the economic structure is environment-related and changeable; (3) the economic structure is used to explain economic phenomena; (4) the objective of economic policy is to replace unwanted structure with desired structure in order to realize human liberation; (5) the relation of economic events is semi-regular. Finally, this paper analyzes Lawson's critical realism with two economic examples. It is considered that Lawson is reasonable to explain economic phenomena with environment-related and variable structures, which makes up for some shortcomings of deductivism. But Lawson denies economic prediction, but fails to give the criterion of successful explanation. Meanwhile, he tries to regard critical realism as a unified economic methodology, which is the same mistake that mainstream economists make in pursuing universal economic theory.
【學位授予單位】：華南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2003
【分類號】：F091.3

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本文編號：2201667