【摘要】： 在國內外理論界普遍存在一種有偏頗的現象，許多論者常常把中國社會主義市場經濟與國外市場社會主義簡單地等同起來，應當指出，中國社會主義市場經濟與國外市場社會主義雖然有諸多的聯系和相通之處，但兩者在政治制度保障、經濟制度特征和社會文化結構等方面都存在重大的區(qū)別。因此，我們反對把兩者簡單等同的做法，本文的主要任務是：通過對基本經濟制度和經濟運行機制等五個方面的比較分析，闡明中國社會主義市場經濟和當代國外市場社會主義之間存在的重大區(qū)別。第一章從理論淵源進行比較。傳統(tǒng)的市場社會主義主要淵源于當時的一些社會主義改良思想和西方經濟學中的資源配置理論。而當代市場社會主義是在繼承傳統(tǒng)市場社會主義理論成果的基礎上，運用現代西方經濟學的最新理論成果和方法，探索市場社會主義理論新構架和新模式。中國社會主義市場經濟理論則來源于中國改革開放的實踐，是科學社會主義的理論創(chuàng)新。第二章，分析了二者對“什么是社會主義”這個首要問題的不同認識。追求社會公正是二者共同的價值取向，但在社會主義的本質和目標上各有側重。當代國外市場社會主義由于本身只是一種資本主義改良模式，因而大都把實現平等看作社會主義的本質，以增進社會福利作為最大目標。而中國社會主義市場經濟則側重于在社會主義的初級階段大力發(fā)展生產力，并為最終實現全國人民的共同富裕而奮斗。第三章，比較了二者在所有制理論方面的區(qū)別。當代國外市場社會主義不把公有制作為社會主義的一個基本經濟制度特征，只是把它當作實現社會主義目標的一種手段，并以“社會所有制”取代傳統(tǒng)意義上的公有制，主張各種所有制成分地位平等、互相競爭。而中國社會主義市場經濟則把公有制作為社會主義的一個基本原則，堅持以公有制為主體、多種經濟成分共同發(fā)展。該章還著重分析了雙方在股份制和股份合作制這兩種公有制經濟實現形式上的不同內容。第四章，分析了雙方在收入分配理論方面的異同。當代國外市場社會主義追求個人收入分配的平等，主張對收入分配過程進行民主控制，，經濟剩余歸勞動者所有，個人擁有國民收入的大部分。中國社會主義市場經濟則強調效率優(yōu)先、兼顧公平，收入分配市場化，按勞分配為主與按生產要素分配相結合，兼顧各方利益。第五章，分析了雙方在宏觀調控方面的區(qū)別。當代國外市場社會主義認為政府的作用體現在對市場失靈的補充上，對經濟社會的調控主要集中在利潤分配和社會投資等局部方面。而在中國社會主義市場經濟中，政府是一個重要的市場主體，對包括經濟總量平衡和經濟結構優(yōu)化在內的經濟社會進行全方位的調控。第六章在前面五章比較分析的基礎上作出結論性的概括，并對當代國外市場社會主義進行了簡要評價。
[Abstract]:There is a phenomenon of bias in the theoretical circles at home and abroad. Many commentators often equate Chinese socialist market economy with foreign market socialism, which should be pointed out. Although there are many connections and similarities between Chinese socialist market economy and foreign market socialism, there are significant differences in political system guarantee, economic system characteristics and social and cultural structure between them. Therefore, we oppose the simple equivalence of the two. The main task of this paper is to compare and analyze the basic economic system and the economic operation mechanism. This paper expounds the major differences between Chinese socialist market economy and contemporary foreign market socialism. The first chapter compares the theoretical origin. The traditional market socialism is mainly derived from the thought of socialist improvement at that time and the theory of resource allocation in western economics. On the basis of inheriting the theoretical achievements of traditional market socialism, contemporary market socialism explores the new framework and mode of market socialism theory by using the latest theoretical achievements and methods of modern western economics. The theory of Chinese socialist market economy comes from the practice of China's reform and opening up and is the theoretical innovation of scientific socialism. In the second chapter, the author analyzes their different understanding of "what is socialism". The pursuit of social justice is their common value orientation, but they have different emphases on the essence and goal of socialism. The contemporary foreign market socialism is only a kind of capitalist reform mode, so it regards the realization of equality as the essence of socialism and takes the promotion of social welfare as the biggest goal. China's socialist market economy focuses on developing productive forces in the primary stage of socialism and striving for the ultimate realization of the common prosperity of the people of the whole country. The third chapter compares the differences between the two in ownership theory. Contemporary foreign market socialism does not regard public ownership as a basic characteristic of socialist economic system, but only regards it as a means to achieve socialist objectives, and replaces traditional public ownership with "social ownership". Advocate all kinds of ownership element equal status, compete with each other. China's socialist market economy regards public ownership as a basic principle of socialism, insists on taking public ownership as the main body and develops together with various economic components. This chapter also analyzes the different contents of the two kinds of public ownership economy in the joint-stock system and the share-share cooperation system. Chapter four analyzes the similarities and differences between the two sides in the theory of income distribution. Contemporary foreign market socialism pursues the equality of individual income distribution, advocates democratic control over the process of income distribution, the surplus of economy belongs to the laborer, and the individual owns most of the national income. China's socialist market economy emphasizes the priority of efficiency, fairness, marketization of income distribution, combining distribution according to work with distribution according to factors of production, taking into account the interests of all parties. The fifth chapter analyzes the differences between the two sides in macro-control. Contemporary foreign market socialism believes that the role of the government is reflected in the supplement to the market failure, and the economic and social regulation and control mainly focus on profit distribution and social investment and other local aspects. In China's socialist market economy, the government is an important market subject, including the balance of economic aggregate and the optimization of economic structure to carry out all-round economic and social control. The sixth chapter makes a conclusion on the basis of comparative analysis of the previous five chapters, and gives a brief evaluation of contemporary foreign market socialism.
【學位授予單位】：中國社會科學院研究生院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2001
【分類號】：F04-03

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 王影;;西方市場社會主義對完善我國市場經濟體制的啟示[J];特區(qū)經濟;2011年09期

本文編號：2128397