本文選題：西方馬克思主義 + 消費(fèi)社會(huì)　； 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： “消費(fèi)社會(huì)”的出現(xiàn),改變了人類的生產(chǎn)生活方式,影響到人們的世界觀和人們之間,人與自然的關(guān)系,導(dǎo)致了劇烈的社會(huì)變遷和文化轉(zhuǎn)型。對(duì)此,西方馬克思主義者從其特有的批判角度對(duì)這一涉及人類生存的問題進(jìn)行了深入探討。本文重點(diǎn)分析西方馬克思主義代表人物列斐伏爾與鮑德里亞有關(guān)“消費(fèi)社會(huì)”的論述,從中理順西方馬克思主義視野下消費(fèi)社會(huì)理論的批判邏輯,得出他們眼中消費(fèi)社會(huì)的特征與運(yùn)行方式。通過借鑒他們的理論深化對(duì)于消費(fèi)社會(huì)的了解,對(duì)這種從消費(fèi)為視角和切入點(diǎn)來研究和批判當(dāng)代社會(huì)的批判理論進(jìn)行深入分析探討�？偟膩碚f,列斐伏爾與鮑德里亞(早期)的思想,基本上都在西方馬克思主義思想的框架之內(nèi),他們思想的局限性,也并未跳出西方馬克思主義的窠臼。西方馬克思主義者們?cè)诶碚撋贤脐惓鲂?提出許多經(jīng)典馬克思主義沒有涉及到的許多新主題,卻既沒有論證其理論的可行性,也沒有提出具體的操作方式。 列斐伏爾從社會(huì)學(xué)的角度出發(fā),以異化理論為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)被引導(dǎo)性消費(fèi)的官僚社會(huì)所主宰日常生活進(jìn)行闡述,稱之為“消費(fèi)受控制的科層社會(huì)”。他認(rèn)為,在這個(gè)消費(fèi)體制牢固掌控的社會(huì)中,流行文化與消費(fèi)體系全面操控了日常生活。由此,列斐伏爾得出,要擺脫消費(fèi)社會(huì)的控制,必須在日常生活中,消除人類的異化,克服人的片面性,克服人與自然的對(duì)立,才能實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)典馬克思主義的總體性革命的成功。 鮑德里亞則從消費(fèi)本身的內(nèi)涵出發(fā),分析了消費(fèi)社會(huì)的種種特征,在他看來,消費(fèi)并非單純存在于經(jīng)濟(jì)范圍內(nèi),而是與社會(huì)和文化、物質(zhì)生活和精神生活雙重結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)作,不斷變化的人們的社會(huì)關(guān)系緊密相關(guān),在更廣泛的視野中對(duì)消費(fèi)社會(huì)的結(jié)構(gòu)、法則及運(yùn)作方式等進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)造性的分析和研究。他強(qiáng)調(diào)消費(fèi)是一種確保調(diào)控符號(hào)和整合群體的系統(tǒng),而消費(fèi)社會(huì)是一種特殊的社會(huì)秩序。在消費(fèi)社會(huì)中,被消費(fèi)地不再是物品,而是人與物品之間的結(jié)構(gòu)本身,這種關(guān)系已延伸到歷史、文化各個(gè)層面。鮑德里亞以此為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)消費(fèi)社會(huì)進(jìn)行了批判,但卻悲觀的認(rèn)為消費(fèi)社會(huì)的悲劇性結(jié)局無法避免,消費(fèi)社會(huì)所帶來的問題也無法解決。
[Abstract]:The appearance of "consumer society" has changed the way of production and life of human beings, affected people's world outlook and the relationship between people, man and nature, and led to drastic social changes and cultural transformation. In view of this, the Western Marxists made a thorough discussion on the problem of human existence from the perspective of their special criticism. This paper focuses on the analysis of the discourse on "consumer society" between Lefeivoll and Baudrillard, a representative figure of Western Marxism, from which the critical logic of consumer society theory in the view of Western Marxism is straightened out. Get their eyes of the characteristics of consumer society and the way of operation. By using their theories for reference to deepen the understanding of consumer society, this critical theory of studying and criticizing contemporary society from the perspective of consumption and starting point is deeply analyzed and discussed. In general, the ideas of Lefefort and Baudrillard (early) are basically within the framework of Western Marxism, and their limitations do not break out of the pattern of Western Marxism. Western Marxists have brought forth new ideas in theory and put forward many new themes which are not involved in classical Marxism. However, they have neither demonstrated the feasibility of their theory nor put forward concrete ways of operation. From the angle of sociology and based on the theory of alienation, Lefeivoll explained that the bureaucratic society dominated by guided consumption was called "the branch society controlled by consumption". He believes that in a society firmly controlled by the consumption system, popular culture and consumption system control daily life. Therefore, in order to get rid of the control of consumer society, Lefebour must eliminate the alienation of human beings, overcome the one-sidedness of human beings, overcome the opposition between man and nature in order to realize the success of the overall revolution of classical Marxism. From the connotation of consumption itself, Baudrillard analyzes the characteristics of the consumer society. In his view, consumption does not exist in the economic scope, but operates with the dual structure of society and culture, material life and spiritual life. The changing social relations of people are closely related, and the structure, rules and operation of consumer society are analyzed and studied creatively in a wider field of vision. He stressed that consumption is a system to ensure the regulation of symbols and integration of groups, and that consumer society is a special social order. In the consumer society, the consuming place is no longer goods, but the structure itself between people and objects. This relationship has been extended to all levels of history and culture. On this basis, Baudrillard criticized the consumer society, but pessimistic that the tragic end of the consumer society can not be avoided, consumer society brought problems can not be solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：F014.5

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