本文選題：收入分布 + 親貧困�。� 參考：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 在經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的連續(xù)高速增長,卻出現(xiàn)了居民收入水平顯著提高,貧富差距逐漸擴(kuò)大的問題,居民收入差距的擴(kuò)大導(dǎo)致了低收入者的相對貧困問題日益突出。而經(jīng)濟(jì)增長是否親貧困,什么因素使得增長更加親貧困,以及從增長中獲得的收入分配是否更加親貧困等問題逐步顯現(xiàn)出來。 “親貧困增長”具體指能夠使貧困群體參與經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)并從中得到更多好處的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。本文就目前普遍關(guān)注的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長條件下收入分配和貧困緩解問題進(jìn)行深入分析,構(gòu)造了一個(gè)基于三者的統(tǒng)一分析理論和框架,利用本文改進(jìn)的測度和分解分析方法對我國改革開放以來經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長是否有利于窮人進(jìn)行評價(jià),并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出相應(yīng)的反貧困政策,以期找到促進(jìn)我國長期親貧困增長的途徑。 親貧困增長理論與測度方法是一個(gè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,影響因素眾多的系統(tǒng),涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)理論設(shè)定、研究方法設(shè)計(jì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)采集等多方面問題。歸納起來本文的主要結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容如下: 一、親貧困增長分析的理論基礎(chǔ)和基本框架 本文以貧困識別與測度研究為邏輯起點(diǎn),劃分研究對象,并根據(jù)親貧困增長相關(guān)理論,從貧困、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與收入不平等互動(dòng)關(guān)系的理論基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)親貧困增長的內(nèi)涵,并構(gòu)造了親貧困增長分析的基本框架。 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,無論是窮人還是富人,其生活水準(zhǔn)都是隨著時(shí)代變化而變化的,即親貧困的研究對象是變動(dòng)的,是在變動(dòng)的貧困線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的貧困群體。因而,本文研究的貧困線是變化的,這一點(diǎn)不同于現(xiàn)有理論模型中的固定貧困線,貧困變動(dòng)的影響因素還應(yīng)當(dāng)包括貧困線變動(dòng)的效應(yīng)。 本文在該部分中還總結(jié)出中間階層的中等收入群體由于來自于富人群體利益的補(bǔ)償?shù)窒素毨后w的利益侵蝕,其分享的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長成果保持一定的不變水平的結(jié)論,該結(jié)論可作為對親貧困增長問題進(jìn)一步研究的展望。 二、親貧困增長測度及因素分解研究 這是本文研究的核心和基礎(chǔ)。該部分內(nèi)容主要分為三個(gè)方面: 首先,本文提出一種新的基于收入分布的親貧困增長判定方法,對用收入和不平等程度修正的貧困發(fā)生率賦予新的內(nèi)容來進(jìn)行判定,并構(gòu)造了親貧困增長判定指標(biāo)。 其次,本文采用Shapley分解規(guī)則對上述新構(gòu)造的貧困度進(jìn)行完全分解。將親貧困增長的各種因素對貧困的影響歸納為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長效應(yīng)、收入分配效應(yīng)以及貧困線變動(dòng)效應(yīng),利用不同時(shí)期的收入密度函數(shù)計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的收入分布函數(shù)值并對其進(jìn)行因素分解。 再次,親貧困增長的地區(qū)分解。本文仍然通過Shapley分解規(guī)則分解出具體地區(qū)相對于社會(huì)平均水平的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長效應(yīng)、收入分配效應(yīng)和貧困線變動(dòng)效應(yīng)。 在親貧困增長判定和因素分解過程中,本文對現(xiàn)有親貧困增長測度指標(biāo)的公理性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了修正,把公理性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的兩因素模型擴(kuò)展到三因素的動(dòng)態(tài)可完全分解模型,提出親貧困增長測度指標(biāo)的時(shí)期可加性公理和因素可加性公理,并對本文的親貧困增長測度指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了公理性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理論評價(jià)。 本文利用實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)和不同類型貧困線進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)健的實(shí)證分析,得到中國農(nóng)村和城鎮(zhèn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)從較強(qiáng)親富增長,到較弱親富增長,再到本世紀(jì)初期的較弱親貧困增長的歷練過程的結(jié)論。實(shí)證研究成果同時(shí)也表明,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長,為農(nóng)村和城鎮(zhèn)貧困群體分享成果提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ),也為貧困度的大幅減少作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。近年來雖然增長對貧困群體福利具有積極影響,但收入分配效應(yīng)及生活成本的提高部分抵消了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的減貧效應(yīng),并且分配效應(yīng)有惡化的趨勢,對此應(yīng)當(dāng)采取相應(yīng)的有效措施進(jìn)一步改善收入不平等的狀況。 三、反貧困政策效應(yīng)測度研究 本文系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了親貧困增長反貧困政策的框架,指出親貧困增長政策的關(guān)鍵性問題便是如何在高速的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長條件下提高貧困群體的收入水平,降低其福利損失,并從根本上解決好收入分配差距過大的問題,制定合理的貧困線生活水平標(biāo)準(zhǔn),使貧困群體切實(shí)參與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的過程,制定瞄準(zhǔn)性的扶貧政策,使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長具有親貧困的性質(zhì)。 綜上所述,本文借鑒了國內(nèi)外的研究成果,通過對親貧困增長理論、“涓滴式扶貧效應(yīng)”和“瞄準(zhǔn)式扶貧效應(yīng)”及相互作用機(jī)理研究,完善自己的理論和模型,利用我國的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行深入的實(shí)證研究,其創(chuàng)新之處主要有: 第一,本文的研究對創(chuàng)立和完善具有中國特色并與國際接軌的親貧困增長理論是有益的探索; 第二,本文界定了親貧困增長的概念,首次從減緩貧困的角度來衡量經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的環(huán)境和性質(zhì),從定量的層次研究經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的減貧效果; 第三,本文構(gòu)造了用收入分布修正的貧困發(fā)生率即貧困度,并可對其完全分解為增長效應(yīng)、收入分配效應(yīng)及貧困變動(dòng)效應(yīng),修正了可以反映貧困線變動(dòng)的親貧困增長判定公理性標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并在此基礎(chǔ)上利用現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,全面考察經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對貧困的變動(dòng)影響; 第四,本文提出了對不同區(qū)域之間經(jīng)濟(jì)增長成果程度進(jìn)行量化的地區(qū)親貧困增長測度及分解方法,為完善親貧困區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長理論提供了相應(yīng)依據(jù); 第五,本文的研究可以為政府扶貧政策和宏觀調(diào)控提供科學(xué)依據(jù)、量化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和效果評價(jià)方法。政府規(guī)范什么樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長環(huán)境,制定什么樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長政策有利于減緩貧困;政府制定什么樣的再分配政策,采取什么樣的扶貧政策和方式有利于減緩貧困;如何將“涓滴式扶貧”和“瞄準(zhǔn)式扶貧”有效結(jié)合,制定符合中國實(shí)際情況的政策組合而緩解貧困,本文的研究力圖回答并解決這些問題,試圖給出一定時(shí)期內(nèi)可供操作的數(shù)量界限。
[Abstract]:In the process of the transformation of economic system , with the continuous high - speed growth of economy , the income level of residents has been remarkably improved , and the gap between the rich and the poor has gradually expanded , and the widening of the income gap of the residents has led to the increasing of the relative poverty of the low - income earners .



This paper deeply analyzes the problems of income distribution and poverty alleviation under the condition of economic growth , and constructs a unified analysis theory and framework based on the three . Based on the measure and decomposition analysis method , the paper puts forward the corresponding anti - poverty policy , with a view to finding ways to promote the long - term pro - poverty growth in our country .



Pro - poverty growth theory and measure method is a system with complex internal structure and many influencing factors . It involves many aspects such as economic theory setting , research method design , economic data collection and so on . The main structure and content of this paper are as follows :



I . Theoretical basis and basic framework of pro - poverty growth analysis



Based on the theory of poverty , economic growth and inequality of income inequality , this paper summarizes the connotation of pro - poverty growth based on the theory of poverty , economic growth and income inequality , and constructs the basic framework of pro - poverty growth analysis .



With the development of economy , both the poor and the rich , the standard of living is changed with the change of the times , that is , the research object of pro - poverty is changing , it is the poor group under the standard of changing poverty line . Therefore , the poverty line studied in this paper is changed , which is different from the fixed poverty line in the existing theoretical model , and the influence factors of poverty change should also include the effect of the change of poverty line .



In this part , the author also concludes that middle - income groups of middle class have offset the interests of poor groups because of compensation from the interests of the rich groups , and their share of economic growth has kept constant level conclusion , which can be regarded as the prospect of further research on pro - poverty growth .



A Study on the Measurement of Pro - poverty Growth and the Decomposition of Factors



This is the core and basis of the study . This part is mainly divided into three aspects :



First , this paper proposes a new method of determining pro - poverty growth based on income distribution , which gives new content to the incidence of poverty corrected by income and inequality , and constructs the index of determining pro - poverty growth .



Secondly , this paper adopts Shapley decomposition rule to decompose the poverty degree of the above - mentioned new structure completely . The influence of factors of pro - poverty growth on poverty is summarized as economic growth effect , income distribution effect and poverty line fluctuation effect , and the normalized income distribution function value is calculated and decomposed by the income density function of different periods .



In this paper , the economic growth effect , income distribution effect and poverty line fluctuation effect relative to the social average are decomposed by Shapley decomposition rules .



In the process of decision and factor decomposition of pro - poverty growth , this paper modifies the public reason standard of the existing measure index of pro - poverty growth , extends the two - factor model of the public reason standard to the dynamic and complete decomposition model of the three factors , puts forward the period of the measure index of pro - poverty growth , and puts forward the additive axioms and the factor - additivity axioms , and makes a theoretical evaluation of the measure index of pro - poverty growth measure in this paper .



The empirical research also shows that the rapid growth of China ' s economy has provided a solid economic foundation for the sharing of achievements in rural and urban poor groups , which partly offset the poverty reduction effect of the economic growth , and the distribution effect has worsened , and the corresponding effective measures should be taken to further improve the income inequality .



Research on the Measure of Anti - Poverty Policy Effect



This paper summarizes the framework of pro - poor growth anti - poverty policy , and points out that the key problem of pro - poverty growth policy is how to improve the income level of poor group under the condition of high - speed economic growth , reduce its welfare loss , and fundamentally solve the problem of poor income distribution gap , formulate reasonable standard of living standard of poverty line , make the poor group participate in the process of economic growth effectively , formulate aim - oriented poverty alleviation policy , and make economic growth have the nature of pro - poverty .



In conclusion , this paper draws on the research achievements at home and abroad , through the study of pro - poverty growth theory , " trickle - down poverty alleviation effect " and " target - oriented poverty alleviation effect " and interaction mechanism , perfect its theory and model , make use of our country ' s data to carry on in - depth empirical research , its innovation is mainly :



First , the research of this paper is beneficial to the creation and perfection of the theory of pro - poverty growth with Chinese characteristics and international track .



Secondly , this paper defines the concept of pro - poverty growth , first measures the environment and nature of economic growth from the angle of poverty alleviation , and studies the poverty reduction effect of economic growth from the quantitative level .



Thirdly , this paper constructs the poverty incidence rate , which is corrected by the distribution of income , namely the poverty degree , and can completely break down into the growth effect , the income distribution effect and the poverty change effect , and corrects the public reason standard which can reflect the pro - poverty growth of the change of the poverty line , and makes use of the existing data to carry out the empirical analysis to comprehensively investigate the impact of the economic development on the poverty ;



Fourthly , this paper puts forward the measure and the decomposition method of regional pro - poverty growth to quantify the degree of economic growth among different regions , which provides the basis for perfecting the theory of economic growth of pro - poverty region ;



Fifth , this paper can provide scientific basis , quantitative standard and effect evaluation method for government ' s pro - poor policy and macro - control . What economic growth environment of government is in favor of poverty alleviation ; what kind of policies and ways of poverty alleviation are conducive to poverty alleviation ; how to reduce poverty by combining " trickle - down poverty alleviation " and " targeting poverty alleviation " ; and trying to answer and solve these problems .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：F224;F061.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 劉景章;謝昕;;基于Shapley分解規(guī)則的中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)益貧式增長研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2011年22期

2 王雪妮;孫才志;;1996—2008年中國縣級市減貧效應(yīng)分解與空間差異分析[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)地理;2011年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 韓秀蘭;中國益貧式增長多維測度與形成機(jī)制研究[D];山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李靜;民族地區(qū)反貧困與金融支持問題研究[D];中南民族大學(xué);2011年

2 謝昕;中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)益貧式增長研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1754109