本文關(guān)鍵詞： 獵人 野生動(dòng)物 行為調(diào)查生物多樣性保護(hù)　出處：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：狩獵是非洲加蓬農(nóng)村居民幾千人維持生計(jì)的主要手段,獵人的捕獵行為直接影響到區(qū)域森林野生動(dòng)物的生存。特別是在非洲中部的叢林地帶,由于狩獵獲得的野生動(dòng)物是當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦闹匾鞍踪|(zhì)來源,增加了當(dāng)?shù)氐尼鳙C強(qiáng)度,影響到當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦?dòng)物的生存和區(qū)域生物多樣性的保護(hù),為此我們以奧果韋伊溫多和尼揚(yáng)加省為研究對(duì)象,研究獵人捕獵行為的主要影響因素,及其對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)卮迕裆顮顩r和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的影響,旨在為區(qū)域生物多樣性保護(hù)和狩獵行為的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展提供理論支撐。本研究調(diào)查了加蓬2個(gè)省20個(gè)村莊非長(zhǎng)期狩獵的行為概況,主要包括六個(gè)方面： (1)狩獵成員的組成； (2)狩獵的主要目的； (3)獵殺的主要?jiǎng)游锓N類； (4)獵殺動(dòng)物的主要方法; (5)獵殺動(dòng)物的主要區(qū)域； (6)獵殺后動(dòng)物的利用方式。通過這六方面的調(diào)查和分析,我們對(duì)區(qū)域狩獵的可持續(xù)性進(jìn)行評(píng)估。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)狩獵仍然是當(dāng)?shù)卮迕裆娴闹匾澄飦碓?參與狩獵活動(dòng)的主要成員是41-50歲的男性村民。60-70歲人狩獵的主要目的是養(yǎng)家,51-60歲入主要是保護(hù)土地,31-50歲人主要是處于職業(yè)的需求。狩獵的主要?jiǎng)游餅樘m羚羊(Cephalophus monticola)、豪豬(Atherurus africanus)、紅羚羊(Cephalophus sp.)等。48.5%的獵人用槍捕獵,29.1%的獵人用陷阱機(jī)型捕獵,不同年齡段比例不同。通常獵人狩獵的范圍不超過各自村莊的管轄區(qū)域和不超過一天的路程。捕捉到的野生動(dòng)物直接進(jìn)行販賣或消費(fèi)掉。分析認(rèn)為林業(yè)活動(dòng)的增加不會(huì)影響到奧果韋伊溫多河和尼揚(yáng)加獵人的行為。叢林野生生物肉類的價(jià)格主要受距離市場(chǎng)的遠(yuǎn)近和途經(jīng)市場(chǎng)道路的擁擠程度的影響。受當(dāng)?shù)胤?水和森林部)和保護(hù)組織的約束,獵人在狩獵物時(shí)通常有選擇的保護(hù)某些動(dòng)物。但是最常用的狩獵手段陷阱的特點(diǎn)是隨機(jī)性強(qiáng),無法預(yù)知將捕獲什野生動(dòng)物的種類。通常有經(jīng)驗(yàn)老獵人通常可以通過捕獲動(dòng)物的種類來判斷獵物的減少情況。
[Abstract]:Hunting is the main means of subsistence for thousands of people living in rural Gabon in Africa, and hunter hunting has a direct impact on the survival of forest wildlife in the region, especially in the jungles of Central Africa. Since wildlife obtained by hunting is an important source of protein for local villagers, it increases the intensity of local hunting and affects the survival of local wildlife and the protection of regional biodiversity. To this end, we have taken the provinces of Ogoway Iwindo and Nyanga as research objects to study the main factors affecting the hunting behaviour of hunters and their impact on the living and socio-economic conditions of local villagers, The aim of this study was to provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of regional biodiversity conservation and hunting behaviour. It mainly includes six aspects: (1) the composition of hunting members; (2) the main purpose of hunting; (3) the main species of animals killed; (4) the main methods of killing animals; (5) the main area where animals are killed; and (6) the way in which animals are used after killing. Through these six aspects of investigation and analysis, We assessed the sustainability of regional hunting. The study found that hunting is still an important source of food for local villagers to survive. The main members of hunting activities are male villagers aged 41-50. 60-70. The main purpose of hunting is to support their families. The main income is to protect the land. The 31-50 age group is mainly in professional need. The main hunting animal is Cephalophus monticolahao. Atherurus africanusus, Cephalophus sp. et al. 48.5% of hunters use guns to hunt 29. 1% of hunters hunt with trap type. The proportion of different age groups is different. Usually the hunting range of hunters does not exceed the jurisdiction of their respective villages and the distance of one day. The wildlife caught is sold or consumed directly. The price of wildlife meat in the jungle is mainly affected by distance from the market and congestion through the market. Local laws (water and forests) influence the price of wildlife meat. ) and the protection of the organization, Hunters usually choose to protect certain animals when hunting. But the most commonly used hunting methods, traps, are characterized by strong randomness. It is impossible to predict the species of wild animals that will be captured.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F069.9;S863

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