本文關鍵詞： 碳排放配額分配機制 配額分配方法 總量控制目標 配額確定依據(jù) 低碳發(fā)展　出處：《天津科技大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：當前我國面臨著來自于國內(nèi)外的強大減排壓力,在國際上,我國作為世界上溫室氣體排放總量最大的國家,在國際氣候談判中一直處于被動狀態(tài),發(fā)達國家一直試圖將我國拉入強制減排的行列,2020年以后我國承擔量化指標已經(jīng)成為不遠的事實。而在國內(nèi)方面,我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展越來越受到資源和環(huán)境的制約,資源短缺,環(huán)境承載力有限成為我國國情新的基本特征,近年來霧霾天氣越來越受到國家上下的關注,低碳發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為我國社會發(fā)展發(fā)展的必要目標。然而,我國長期以行政命令減排的方式已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了不合理之處,嚴重影響了我國經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的正常秩序,對企業(yè)的低碳發(fā)展也不能起到良好的激勵作用,基于此,選擇建立在市場基礎上的碳排放權交易體系能夠最大程度的刺激企業(yè)以更加成本有效性的方式降低碳排放,不僅有利于提高我國企業(yè)的低碳競爭力,也有利于提升我國的國際形象和繁榮我國的市場經(jīng)濟。 碳配額分配機制的確定是碳交易的基礎和中心環(huán)節(jié),直接影響到碳市場乃至本地區(qū)經(jīng)濟和社會的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。當前中國碳交易市場試點工作已經(jīng)進入關鍵時期,深圳、上海、天津等交易已經(jīng)上線,但是全國性碳市場建設的前景尚不明朗,因此,研究碳配額分配機制的具體問題對于我國未來碳市場的建設有著良好的借鑒意義。 本文借鑒國內(nèi)外最新研究成果,基于國際碳排放權配額分配機制的經(jīng)驗教訓,例如歐盟的EUETS、美國RGGI、澳大利亞和新西蘭機制等,結(jié)合國內(nèi)碳試點配額分配機制的實踐,采用案例分析法和對比分析法的研究方式,分析“總量控制和交易”(Cap-and-Trade)的交易模式下具體的配額分配機制,綜合考慮試點區(qū)域經(jīng)濟、產(chǎn)業(yè)和能源結(jié)構等特點,提出具有可行性的能以成本有效性的市場化手段實現(xiàn)碳約束目標并能夠同時激勵企業(yè)低碳發(fā)展的碳排放權配額分配交易機制。
[Abstract]:At present, China is facing a strong pressure from home and abroad to reduce emissions. Internationally, as the world's largest greenhouse gas emissions, China has been in a passive state in the international climate negotiations. Developed countries have been trying to pull China into the ranks of mandatory emission reduction. After 2020, it has become a fact that China has assumed quantitative targets. The economic development of our country is more and more restricted by resources and environment. The shortage of resources and the limited carrying capacity of environment have become the new basic characteristics of our country's national conditions. In recent years, the weather of haze has attracted more and more attention from all over the country. Low-carbon development has become the necessary goal of social development in China. However, in the form of long-term executive order emission reduction has been unreasonable, seriously affected the normal order of economic and social development in China. The low-carbon development of enterprises can not play a good incentive role, based on this. The choice of carbon trading system based on the market can stimulate enterprises to reduce carbon emissions in a more cost-effective way, which is not only conducive to improve the low-carbon competitiveness of Chinese enterprises. Also conducive to the promotion of China's international image and prosperity of our market economy. The determination of carbon quota allocation mechanism is the basis and central link of carbon trading. Direct impact on the carbon market and even the healthy and stable development of the region's economy and society. At present, China's carbon trading market pilot work has entered a critical period, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin and other transactions have been online. However, the prospect of national carbon market construction is not clear. Therefore, the study of carbon quota allocation mechanism has a good reference significance for the future construction of carbon market in China. This paper draws lessons from the latest research results at home and abroad, based on the experience and lessons of the international carbon emission quota allocation mechanism, such as EUETS of the European Union, RGGI of the United States, Australia and New Zealand mechanism and so on. Combined with the practice of domestic carbon pilot quota allocation mechanism, case analysis method and comparative analysis method are adopted. This paper analyzes the specific quota allocation mechanism of Cap-and-Trade-based "Total quantity Control and Trading", and considers the characteristics of pilot regional economy, industry and energy structure. This paper proposes a feasible mechanism of carbon emission quota allocation and trading which can achieve the target of carbon constraint by cost-effective market-oriented means and can also stimulate the development of low-carbon enterprises.
【學位授予單位】：天津科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F279.2;X196

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本文編號：1451988