【摘要】：當前,由于全球人口的增加,能源的需求成為制約世界各國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要因素,全世界各個國家都在制定能源戰(zhàn)略以適應高速發(fā)展的社會環(huán)境。現(xiàn)階段我國建筑用能已超過全國能源消費總量的1/4,并將隨著人民生活水平的提高逐步增加到1/3以上。改革開發(fā)以來,隨著新農(nóng)村建設的全面展開,農(nóng)村地區(qū)經(jīng)濟建設發(fā)展水平不斷提高,建筑能耗水平也不斷提高,特別是近些年來,村鎮(zhèn)旅游資源大力開發(fā),農(nóng)家樂的建設如火如荼,雖然能夠有效地解決農(nóng)村就業(yè)、發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟,但同時也存在著一些問題,如由于缺乏一定的節(jié)能指導方針和規(guī)范的約束,農(nóng)家樂能源利用效率低,建筑節(jié)能普遍不達標的情況普遍存在,在我國每年城鎮(zhèn)新建公共建筑3-4億m2,而一般公共建筑的能耗是普通居住建筑能耗5倍的背景下,農(nóng)家樂建筑用能與節(jié)能形勢十分嚴峻。對于農(nóng)家樂建筑能耗,人們應重點從影響建筑能耗的影響因素和技術手段入手。本論文以現(xiàn)階段旅游型村鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)家樂建筑用能現(xiàn)狀為背景,根據(jù)本論文相關課題的需要,重點對三個典型旅游型村鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)家樂建筑基本現(xiàn)狀與建筑能耗現(xiàn)狀進行調(diào)研,問詢各季度住戶對農(nóng)家樂室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的滿意狀況,并實測農(nóng)家樂室內(nèi)外熱物理參數(shù),利用樣本問卷,收集影響建筑熱環(huán)境和建筑能耗的多個因素。該論文中選取的三個典型村鎮(zhèn)分別是成都三圣鄉(xiāng)、青城山鎮(zhèn)和峨嵋黃灣鄉(xiāng),這三個地區(qū)的農(nóng)家樂都具有特色和代表性,能夠反映出當前旅游型村鎮(zhèn)建筑用能及節(jié)能現(xiàn)狀,在實際調(diào)研中通過實地考察及實地測量的方法,對各地區(qū)農(nóng)家樂建筑基本現(xiàn)狀、建筑用能設備基本情況特別是夏季降溫和冬季取暖措施有了很詳盡的了解,對于調(diào)研樣本中每戶農(nóng)家樂使用的各種能源的年均消耗量進行了統(tǒng)計,并利用SPSS軟件統(tǒng)計分析影響農(nóng)家樂建筑能耗的顯著性影響因素,發(fā)現(xiàn)影響農(nóng)家樂建筑年總能耗的顯著線性相關因素為：旺季月份數(shù)、建筑面積、可接納旅客人數(shù)、夏季降溫措施和空調(diào)數(shù)量。通過實際的建筑情況和能耗影響因素,確定能耗改進的三個主要方面分別是建筑圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的改善、建筑空調(diào)系統(tǒng)和建筑自然采光的改善,通過能耗模擬軟件-DeST,模擬分析典型農(nóng)家樂在當前圍護結(jié)構(gòu)的狀態(tài)及符合《公共建筑節(jié)能設計標準》規(guī)定的圍護結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造的不同的建筑全年室內(nèi)溫度狀況和不同工況下建筑空調(diào)系統(tǒng)和建筑不同程度自然采光情況對建筑年能耗的影響來提出建筑的節(jié)能措施。使農(nóng)家樂建筑中各種能源充分合理地使用,提高暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的能源利用效率,以達到建筑節(jié)能的目的。
[Abstract]:At present, due to the increase of the global population, the demand for energy has become an important factor restricting the economic development of all countries in the world. All countries in the world are formulating energy strategies to adapt to the high-speed development of the social environment. At present, the building energy consumption of our country has exceeded 1 / 4 of the total energy consumption of the whole country, and will gradually increase to more than 1 / 3 with the improvement of the living standard of the people. Since the reform and development, with the overall development of the new rural construction, the level of economic construction and energy consumption in rural areas have been continuously improved, especially in recent years, tourism resources in villages and towns have been vigorously exploited. The construction of rural family music is in full swing, although it can effectively solve rural employment and develop rural economy, but there are also some problems, such as the lack of certain energy-saving guidelines and regulatory constraints, the efficiency of rural energy utilization is low. Building energy efficiency is generally not up to standard. Under the background of 3-400 million m2 of newly built public buildings in cities and towns of our country every year, and the energy consumption of general public buildings is five times as much as that of ordinary residential buildings, The situation of energy consumption and energy saving in rural buildings is very serious. For the energy consumption of rural buildings, people should focus on the influencing factors and technical means of building energy consumption. In this paper, based on the current situation of energy consumption of rural buildings in tourism-oriented villages and towns, and according to the needs of related topics in this paper, the basic situation and energy consumption situation of peasant-house buildings in three typical tourist villages and towns are investigated. In this paper, we asked the residents' satisfaction with the indoor thermal environment, measured the thermal physical parameters inside and outside the house, and collected the factors that affect the thermal environment and energy consumption of the building by using sample questionnaire. The three typical villages and towns selected in this paper are Chengdu Sansheng Township, Qingcheng Mountain Town and Emei Huangwan Township. The rural family music in these three areas is characteristic and representative, which can reflect the current situation of building energy consumption and energy saving in tourist villages and towns. Through on-the-spot investigation and on-the-spot survey methods, we have a very detailed understanding of the basic situation of rural buildings in various areas, the basic situation of building energy-consuming equipment, especially the measures of cooling down in summer and heating in winter. The average annual consumption of various energy sources used by each household in the survey sample was statistically analyzed, and the significant factors affecting the energy consumption of the farm house were analyzed by using SPSS software. It is found that the significant linear correlation factors affecting the annual total energy consumption of rural buildings are as follows: the number of busy months, the building area, the number of visitors that can be accepted, the cooling measures in summer and the number of air-conditioners. According to the actual building situation and the influencing factors of energy consumption, the three main aspects of energy consumption improvement are the improvement of building envelope structure, the improvement of building air conditioning system and the improvement of building natural lighting, and through the energy consumption simulation software-DeST,. This paper simulates and analyzes the current state of the enclosure structure and the different indoor temperature of buildings in accordance with the requirements of the Standard for Energy-saving Design of Public buildings and the different working conditions of the air-conditioning system and the air-conditioning system of the buildings under different working conditions. The influence of natural lighting on the annual energy consumption of buildings to put forward the energy-saving measures of buildings. In order to achieve the purpose of building energy conservation, energy utilization efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning system can be improved by fully and reasonably using all kinds of energy sources in Nongjiala building.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU26;TU111.195

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