【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步,環(huán)境問題日益突出,由溫室效應(yīng)引發(fā)的氣候變化已越來越明顯,如何減少溫室氣體的排放成為世界各國亟待解決的問題。為了有效的衡量溫室氣體的減排效果,多種溫室氣體計(jì)量方法已被建立,其中,碳足跡方法在世界范圍內(nèi)得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。建筑業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位極其重要,同時(shí),由建筑業(yè)所產(chǎn)生碳排放也很高,據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),建筑業(yè)產(chǎn)生的碳排放占全部碳排放的30%以上。其中,建筑物物化階段產(chǎn)生的溫室氣體排放在全生命期中占18%左右,但目前關(guān)于此階段的碳足跡研究尚不深入。本文為快速計(jì)算建筑物物化階段碳足跡,將物化階段溫室氣體排放歸結(jié)為建筑材料碳足跡、施工機(jī)械碳足跡、運(yùn)輸碳足跡三大來源；通過對(duì)施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行實(shí)際調(diào)研,更新了運(yùn)輸碳足跡因子數(shù)據(jù)庫,并據(jù)此提出運(yùn)輸碳足跡計(jì)算方法,建立了物化階段碳足跡快速評(píng)價(jià)模型；研究了應(yīng)用BIM技術(shù)及《建筑工程消耗量定額》獲取工程量清單的方法,將BIM技術(shù)與計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到碳足跡評(píng)價(jià)中,明確碳足跡計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)來源,使得碳足跡評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)化、規(guī)范化,開發(fā)并建立了“建筑施工碳足跡核算系統(tǒng)”。最后結(jié)合案例進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用分析,并對(duì)來自遼寧省和云南省的15個(gè)建筑物進(jìn)行建筑物物化階段碳足跡南北差異分析。分析結(jié)果顯示,建筑材料碳足跡、施工機(jī)械碳足跡、運(yùn)輸碳足跡占總碳足跡的比例分別為94.2%、4.7%、1.1%；南方地區(qū)的建筑材料碳足跡水平要高于北方地區(qū),但施工機(jī)械碳足跡水平要低于北方,運(yùn)輸碳足跡方面相差甚微。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, environmental problems become more and more prominent, and the climate change caused by Greenhouse Effect has become more and more obvious. How to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has become an urgent problem to be solved all over the world. In order to effectively measure the effect of greenhouse gas emission reduction, a variety of greenhouse gas measurement methods have been established, among which, the carbon footprint method has been widely used in the world. The construction industry plays an extremely important role in the national economy. At the same time, the carbon emissions produced by the construction industry are also very high. According to statistics, the carbon emissions generated by the construction industry account for more than 30% of the total carbon emissions. Among them, the greenhouse gas emissions from the physical and chemical stage of buildings account for about 18% of the total life cycle, but the current research on the carbon footprint in this stage is not in-depth. In order to quickly calculate the carbon footprint of the physical and chemical stage of buildings, the greenhouse gas emissions in the physical and chemical stage are reduced to three major sources: the carbon footprint of building materials, the carbon footprint of construction machinery and the carbon footprint of transportation. Through the actual investigation on the construction site, the database of transport carbon footprint factor is updated, and the calculation method of transport carbon footprint is put forward, and the fast evaluation model of carbon footprint in physical and chemical stage is established. This paper studies the method of obtaining the bill of quantities by using BIM technology and "consumption quota of Building Engineering", applies BIM technology and computer technology to carbon footprint evaluation, defines the source of carbon footprint calculation data, and systematizes the carbon footprint evaluation. Standardization, development and establishment of "building construction carbon footprint accounting system." Finally, a systematic application analysis was carried out with cases, and the differences of carbon footprint between North and South of 15 buildings from Liaoning Province and Yunnan Province were analyzed in the physical and chemical stages of buildings. The results show that the proportion of carbon footprint of building materials, construction machinery and transportation to total carbon footprint is 94.2and 4.7and 1.1 respectively. The carbon footprint of construction materials in the south is higher than that in the north, but the carbon footprint of construction machinery is lower than that of the north, and there is little difference in the carbon footprint of transportation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU17;TU201.5

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本文編號(hào)：2395275