【摘要】：本文詳細調查了水東灣紅樹林資源以及相關立地因子,通過總結與分析,對水東灣紅樹林灘涂進行了立地類型劃分,同時采用層次分析法構建了水東灣紅樹林立地評價指標體系框架。本研究旨在解決目前在水東灣紅樹林恢復與重建上普遍存在造林成活率低,群落結構簡單、造林缺乏規(guī)劃,盲目性大等問題。研究結論如下：(1)全面系統(tǒng)的開展了水東灣紅樹林資源調查與分析,通過收集相關資料并進行實地調查與分析,統(tǒng)計出在茂名水東灣天然分布的紅樹植物和半紅樹植物主要有木欖、秋茄、桐花、白骨壤、海漆和黃槿；后經(jīng)引種成功的紅樹植物有海桑、無瓣海桑、拉關木、水黃皮(半紅樹)等。目前分布面積最廣的是無瓣海桑和拉關木。人工林以純林為主。(2)首次按立地區(qū)、立地組、立地類型三級分類,建立立地分類體系,將水東灣的紅樹林灘涂劃分為3個立地區(qū)、9個立地組和18個立地類型。(3)通過建立水東灣紅樹林立地評價體系,采用層次分析方法,利用各立地類型上植被的表現(xiàn)情況以及自身特點,進行綜合評價分析,篩選出了3個較適宜的造林立地類型。結果表明：在經(jīng)濟、生態(tài)和社會三大效益方面排在前三位的均是中鹽灘涂低潮帶泥質立地類型、中鹽灘涂低潮帶沙質立地類型和高鹽灘涂低潮帶泥質立地類型,因此可以總結出以上三種立地類型為水東灣紅樹林較適宜的造林灘涂類型,為今后水東灣沿海灘涂防護林建設提供可靠的理論參考。(4)通過對14種典型灘涂類型試驗林生長情況的跟蹤調查與測定分析,并結合對水東灣現(xiàn)有林分生長情況、群落結構、覆蓋度、更新能力等指標的野外調查結果進行綜合評價分析,初步篩選出桐花樹、秋茄和無瓣海桑3個樹種為水東灣較適宜的困難灘涂造林樹種,為下一步水東灣沿海灘涂營建防護林在樹種選擇方面提供了科學依據(jù)。沿海經(jīng)濟開發(fā)已提升到國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略層面,當前營建及恢復海防林、保護原有紅樹林、共同護衛(wèi)沿海生態(tài)環(huán)境尤為重要。水東灣現(xiàn)有紅樹林灘涂面積較大,本課題首先對水東灣紅樹林立地類型進行劃分,調查水東灣紅樹林的群落分布類型及生長現(xiàn)狀,建立水東灣紅樹林立地分析與評價體系,掌握不同立地類型紅樹林的營建技術,為水東灣等沿海地區(qū)紅樹林的恢復與營建提供技術支撐和科學依據(jù),具有十分廣闊的應用前景。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mangrove resources and related site factors in Shuidong Bay are investigated in detail, and the site types of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay are classified by summing up and analyzing. At the same time, the framework of evaluation index system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay was constructed by AHP. The purpose of this study was to solve the problems of low survival rate, simple community structure, lack of planning and blindness in the restoration and reconstruction of mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the investigation and analysis of mangrove resources in Shuidong Bay have been carried out in a comprehensive and systematic way. Statistics show that mangrove plants and semi-mangrove plants naturally distributed in the Maoming East Bay of Shuidong are mainly wood-tree, autumn-tomato, paulownia, white bone soil, sea lacquer and yellow hibiscus. The mangrove plants that have been successfully introduced after the introduction are sea mulberry, non-valved sea mulberry, and LaGuanmu. Water yellow bark (semimangrove), etc. At present, the most widely distributed area is the valveless sea mulberry and LaGuanmu. The artificial forest is mainly pure forest. (2) for the first time, the site classification system has been established according to the three levels of site type, site group and site type. The mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is divided into 3 stand areas, 9 site groups and 18 site types. (3) by establishing the evaluation system of mangrove sites in Shuidong Bay, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is used. Based on the performance of vegetation and its own characteristics, three suitable afforestation site types were selected by comprehensive evaluation and analysis. The results show that the top three types of economic, ecological and social benefits are the types of muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the middle salt tidal flat, the types of sandy sites in the low tidal zone of the medium salt tidal flat and the types of the muddy sites in the low tidal zone of the high salt tidal flat. Therefore, it can be concluded that the above three site types are more suitable afforestation shoal types for mangrove forests in Shuidong Bay. It provides a reliable theoretical reference for the construction of shelterbelt along the coast of Shuidong Bay in the future. (4) through the following investigation and analysis of the growth of 14 typical types of tidal flat, and combining with the growth situation of the existing stand in Shuidong Bay, the community structure is analyzed. The field investigation results of coverage, renewal ability and other indexes were evaluated and analyzed, and three tree species, Tung Hua tree, aubergine and seagrass without petal, were preliminarily selected as suitable afforestation species in Shuidong Bay. It provides a scientific basis for the selection of tree species for the further construction of shelterbelts along the coast of Shuidong Bay. Coastal economic development has been promoted to the strategic level of national economic development. It is particularly important to build and restore coastal defense forests, protect the original mangroves and protect the coastal ecological environment together. The area of mangrove beach in Shuidong Bay is large. Firstly, the type of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is divided, the distribution type and growth status of mangrove community in Shuidong Bay are investigated, and the analysis and evaluation system of mangrove site in Shuidong Bay is established. Mastering the construction technology of mangroves of different site types provides technical support and scientific basis for the restoration and construction of mangroves in coastal areas such as Shuidong Bay. It has a very broad application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S757

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 鄺立剛;梁守倫;雍鵬;;山西省立地類型區(qū)劃——山西省立地類型劃分與造林模式研究(Ⅰ)[J];山西林業(yè)科技;2008年04期

2 李小林;黃世國;林思祖;林大輝;;基于模糊C-均值的立地類型組劃分[J];福建農林大學學報(自然科學版);2008年02期

3 蔣q，

本文編號：2208381