南中國海、東印度洋今生顆石藻的時(shí)空異質(zhì)性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 09:05
【摘要】：本文對2012年夏季的南海瓊東海域,以及2011年和2012年春季季風(fēng)間期的東印度洋海域的今生顆石藻的生物樣品及環(huán)境參數(shù)進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場調(diào)查研究。根據(jù)制片后的顆石藻樣品,總結(jié)歸納了兩種海域的生物群落特征,并進(jìn)行了顆石藻與營養(yǎng)鹽等環(huán)境因子的對應(yīng)分析,探討其生態(tài)學(xué)方面的作用、機(jī)理及貢獻(xiàn)。南中國海(簡稱南海)面積達(dá)350萬平方公里,是西太平洋最大的邊緣海,表層環(huán)流受季風(fēng)驅(qū)動(dòng),有黑潮分支入侵,是典型的貧營養(yǎng)低生產(chǎn)力區(qū)。作為南海最重要的物理現(xiàn)象之一的中尺度渦(Mesoscaleeddy),對海洋環(huán)流系統(tǒng)具深遠(yuǎn)影響。根據(jù)衛(wèi)星資料顯示,強(qiáng)烈的渦旋活動(dòng)區(qū)出現(xiàn)在南海和西北太平洋海區(qū),瓊東海域有極富營養(yǎng)的冷渦中心,無渦旋的海域的葉綠素和初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力不如有氣旋渦和反氣旋渦存在的海域高,是控制生物生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵過程。南海作為連接太平洋和印度洋的海上通道,是季風(fēng)過渡區(qū),與全球氣候密切相關(guān),東印度洋是連接亞洲等大洲的交通要道,對鄰近海區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境具有重要影響。其中印尼貫穿流是從太平洋向西越過印尼海域的通道,是全球熱鹽環(huán)流的重要環(huán)節(jié),30多年來吸引了眾多領(lǐng)域和模型研究的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)。孟加拉灣和赤道東印度洋海區(qū)是南海夏季風(fēng)的主氣流通道,關(guān)系著南海生態(tài)環(huán)境變化。春季季風(fēng)間期,水體狀況較穩(wěn)定,方便長期作業(yè)調(diào)查。通過偏振光顯微鏡對顆石藻樣品進(jìn)行豐度和物種統(tǒng)計(jì)。2012年8月在瓊東上升流及附近海區(qū)(18.09°-21.47°N,110.24°-116.01°E)56個(gè)站位采集的222個(gè)顆石藻樣品共檢出34種今生顆石藻,顆石粒優(yōu)勢物種為赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi、大洋橋石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、纖細(xì)傘球藻(Umbellosphaera tenuis)、卡特螺旋藻(Helicosphaera carteri)、地中�；ü谇蛟�(Coronsphaera mediterranea)和喇叭盤球藻(Discosphaera tubifera);顆石球優(yōu)勢物種包括赫氏艾密里藻(Emliania huxleyi)、大洋橋石藻(Gephyrocapsaoceanica)、粗壯環(huán)翼球(Algirosphaera robusta)、深水花球藻(Floriisphaera profunda)和地中海花冠球藻(Coronosphaera mediterranea)。細(xì)胞豐度范圍 0-68.903(×10~3 cells/L),平均值為 8.103(×10~3 cells/L)。從水平分布來看,高值區(qū)出現(xiàn)在海南島以東和大洋SEATS站;垂直分布上,主要集中在50 m-75m的次表層。在對顆石藻數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行主成分分析(PCA)后,將之與環(huán)境因子結(jié)合進(jìn)行了冗余分析(RDA),結(jié)果顯示顆石粒和顆石球受多種因子影響,二者共同受限的因子有N/P和P043-。根據(jù)2011年4月東印度洋(-5°-18.05°N,79.99°-113.23°E)56個(gè)站位采集到有效顆石藻樣品數(shù)143個(gè),共發(fā)現(xiàn)30種今生顆石藻。優(yōu)勢物種為赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、大洋橋石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、深水花球藻(Florisphaera profunda)、希布格臍球藻(Umilicoipiaera sibogae)粗壯環(huán)翼球(Algirosphaera robusta)和卡特螺旋藻(Helicosphaera carteri)。顆石粒細(xì)胞豐度范圍 0.26-376.065(×10~3coccoliths/L),平均值為 41.928(×10~3coccoliths/L);顆石球豐度0.329-63.802(×10~3cells/L),平均值為 12.445(×10~3cells/L).;表層豐度范圍0.26-376.065(×10~3coccoliths/L)平均值 67.513(×10~3coccoliths/L),1.019-62.706(×10~3 cells/L),平均值為 10.960(×10~3cells/L)。2012 年 4 月東印度洋(-5°-6.01°N,80°-93.99°E)于30個(gè)站位共采集到有效顆石藻樣品200個(gè),共發(fā)現(xiàn)22種今生顆石藻。優(yōu)勢物種為大洋橋石藻(Gephyrocap oceanica)、赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、深水花球藻(Florisphaera profunda)、不規(guī)則傘球藻(Umbellosphaera irregularis)和希布格臍球藻(Umbilicosphaera sibogae)等。顆石粒細(xì)胞豐度介于0.192-161.709(× 1 03 coccoliths/L),平均值 22.658(× 1 03 coccoliths/L),顆石球細(xì)胞豐度介于 0.192-68.365(×10~3 cells/L),9.386(×10~3 cells/L)。關(guān)于南海顆石藻的研究多集中在南部北部水體的一些零星報(bào)道,印度洋的生物地理方面的研究工作也很區(qū)域化,缺乏整體的分布模式。鑒于南海和東印度洋在自然、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的獨(dú)特作用和重要關(guān)聯(lián)性,研究、對比認(rèn)識(shí)南海和東印度洋生物、水文背景具有長期的重要意義。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the biological samples and environmental parameters of Coccolithophyta in the Qiongdong Sea in the summer of 2012 and the East Indian Ocean in the spring monsoon interval of 2011 and 2012 were investigated. The South China Sea (SCS), with an area of 3.5 million square kilometers, is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean. Its surface circulation is driven by monsoon and intruded by Kuroshio branches. It is a typical area of poor nutrition and low productivity. It is one of the most important physical phenomena in the SCS. According to the satellite data, the strong eddy activity areas appear in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and there is a eutrophic cold vortex center in the eastern Hainan Sea. The chlorophyll and primary productivity in the non-eddy sea area are not as high as those in the sea area with cyclonic eddies and anticyclonic eddies. The South China Sea is a transitional zone between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is closely related to the global climate. The East Indian Ocean is a major transportation route connecting Asia and other continents. It has an important impact on the ecological environment of the adjacent sea areas. The Indonesian cross-flow is from the Pacific Ocean to the West through the Indonesian Sea. The Bay of Bengal and the Equatorial East Indian Ocean are the main airflow passages of the South China Sea summer monsoon, which are related to the changes of the ecological environment in the South China Sea. Thirty-four species of conglomerate were detected in 222 samples collected from 56 stations in the upwelling area of Eastern Qiongdong and the adjacent sea area (18.09-21.47 degrees N, 110.24 degrees-116.01 degrees E) in August 2012. Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyroca were the dominant species of conglomerate. PSA oceanica, Umbellosphaera tenuis, Helicosphaera carteri, Coronsphaera Mediterranea and Discosphaera tubifera; dominant species of coccolithoids include Emliania huxleyi, Gerophysaoceanica, and Pterophyllus stout. (Algirosphaera robusta), Floriisphaera profunda and Coronosphaera mediterranea. The cell abundance ranged from 0 to 68.903 cells/L with an average value of 8.103 cells/L. From the horizontal distribution point of view, the high value areas appeared in the SEATS stations east of Hainan Island and in the ocean; the vertical distribution was mainly concentrated in the SEATS stations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out after principal component analysis (PCA) of coccolith data. The results showed that coccolith and pebble were affected by many factors. The common limiting factors were N/P and P 043-. According to the data of 56 stations in the East Indian Ocean (-5 degrees-18.05 degrees N, 79.99 degrees-113.23 degrees E) in April 2011. The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Florisphaera profunda, Umilicoipiasibogae, Algirospharobusta and He. Licosphaera carteri. the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 41.928 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L); the abundance of pebbles ranged from 0.329 to 63.802 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L), with an average of 12.445 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L); and the surface abundance ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) with an average of 67.513 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) and 1.019-62 (- 62). The East Indian Ocean (- 5 degrees - 6.01 degrees N, 80 degrees - 93.99 degrees E) in April 2012 collected 200 samples of effective coccolithophyta from 30 stations, and 22 species of present-day coccolithophyta were found. The dominant species were Gephyrocap oceanica, Emiliania huxleyi, and Fl. Orisphaera profunda, Umbellosphaera irregularis and Umbilicosphaera sibogae. The abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 161.709 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 22.658 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), and the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 68.365 (x 103 cells / L), 9.386 (x 103 cells / L). In view of the unique natural, social and economic roles and important relationships between the South China Sea and the East Indian Ocean, the study of Coccolithophyta in the South China Sea has been compared and recognized. The oceanic and hydrological background is of great importance in the long run.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：Q948.8
本文編號(hào)：2187137
[Abstract]:In this paper, the biological samples and environmental parameters of Coccolithophyta in the Qiongdong Sea in the summer of 2012 and the East Indian Ocean in the spring monsoon interval of 2011 and 2012 were investigated. The South China Sea (SCS), with an area of 3.5 million square kilometers, is the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific Ocean. Its surface circulation is driven by monsoon and intruded by Kuroshio branches. It is a typical area of poor nutrition and low productivity. It is one of the most important physical phenomena in the SCS. According to the satellite data, the strong eddy activity areas appear in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean, and there is a eutrophic cold vortex center in the eastern Hainan Sea. The chlorophyll and primary productivity in the non-eddy sea area are not as high as those in the sea area with cyclonic eddies and anticyclonic eddies. The South China Sea is a transitional zone between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is closely related to the global climate. The East Indian Ocean is a major transportation route connecting Asia and other continents. It has an important impact on the ecological environment of the adjacent sea areas. The Indonesian cross-flow is from the Pacific Ocean to the West through the Indonesian Sea. The Bay of Bengal and the Equatorial East Indian Ocean are the main airflow passages of the South China Sea summer monsoon, which are related to the changes of the ecological environment in the South China Sea. Thirty-four species of conglomerate were detected in 222 samples collected from 56 stations in the upwelling area of Eastern Qiongdong and the adjacent sea area (18.09-21.47 degrees N, 110.24 degrees-116.01 degrees E) in August 2012. Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyroca were the dominant species of conglomerate. PSA oceanica, Umbellosphaera tenuis, Helicosphaera carteri, Coronsphaera Mediterranea and Discosphaera tubifera; dominant species of coccolithoids include Emliania huxleyi, Gerophysaoceanica, and Pterophyllus stout. (Algirosphaera robusta), Floriisphaera profunda and Coronosphaera mediterranea. The cell abundance ranged from 0 to 68.903 cells/L with an average value of 8.103 cells/L. From the horizontal distribution point of view, the high value areas appeared in the SEATS stations east of Hainan Island and in the ocean; the vertical distribution was mainly concentrated in the SEATS stations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was carried out after principal component analysis (PCA) of coccolith data. The results showed that coccolith and pebble were affected by many factors. The common limiting factors were N/P and P 043-. According to the data of 56 stations in the East Indian Ocean (-5 degrees-18.05 degrees N, 79.99 degrees-113.23 degrees E) in April 2011. The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Florisphaera profunda, Umilicoipiasibogae, Algirospharobusta and He. Licosphaera carteri. the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 41.928 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L); the abundance of pebbles ranged from 0.329 to 63.802 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L), with an average of 12.445 (x 10 ~ 3 cells / L); and the surface abundance ranged from 0.26 to 376.065 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) with an average of 67.513 (x 10 ~ 3 COCCOLITHS / L) and 1.019-62 (- 62). The East Indian Ocean (- 5 degrees - 6.01 degrees N, 80 degrees - 93.99 degrees E) in April 2012 collected 200 samples of effective coccolithophyta from 30 stations, and 22 species of present-day coccolithophyta were found. The dominant species were Gephyrocap oceanica, Emiliania huxleyi, and Fl. Orisphaera profunda, Umbellosphaera irregularis and Umbilicosphaera sibogae. The abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 161.709 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), with an average of 22.658 (x 103 COCCOLITHS / L), and the abundance of granulocytes ranged from 0.192 to 68.365 (x 103 cells / L), 9.386 (x 103 cells / L). In view of the unique natural, social and economic roles and important relationships between the South China Sea and the East Indian Ocean, the study of Coccolithophyta in the South China Sea has been compared and recognized. The oceanic and hydrological background is of great importance in the long run.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：Q948.8
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