創(chuàng)新集群中有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出、知識(shí)創(chuàng)造與集群衍生關(guān)系研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-24 16:29
【摘要】：知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代的來(lái)臨使得學(xué)術(shù)界和科技政策制定者紛紛將注意力集中于以知識(shí)富集和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新為內(nèi)生動(dòng)力的創(chuàng)新集群的研究中,以期探索成功的創(chuàng)新集群自我衍生模式,帶動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與完善國(guó)家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)�；钴S的企業(yè)衍生創(chuàng)業(yè)、技術(shù)更新再造以及舊產(chǎn)業(yè)向新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)是表征創(chuàng)新集群衍生的主要現(xiàn)象,也是創(chuàng)新集群實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)�；�、多元化、自主化的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的有效模式。創(chuàng)新集群中大量的知識(shí)溢出與知識(shí)創(chuàng)造活動(dòng)成為了相關(guān)領(lǐng)域關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)�，F(xiàn)有研究雖然總結(jié)了知識(shí)溢出對(duì)創(chuàng)新集群衍生的影響,但卻并沒(méi)有解釋知識(shí)溢出如何影響創(chuàng)新集群實(shí)現(xiàn)衍生,即創(chuàng)新集群的衍生機(jī)制還未得到進(jìn)一步揭露。此外,現(xiàn)有研究知識(shí)溢出和創(chuàng)新集群衍生的文獻(xiàn)并未對(duì)知識(shí)溢出進(jìn)行細(xì)分,因此忽略了這類知識(shí)溢出本身的特點(diǎn)。基于資源觀的研究認(rèn)為,知識(shí)可以通過(guò)一個(gè)有意識(shí)的努力以及資源消耗行為來(lái)創(chuàng)造。對(duì)于創(chuàng)新集群而言,通過(guò)知識(shí)的富集、溢出效應(yīng)和新知識(shí)的創(chuàng)造等帶來(lái)的集群效益已經(jīng)超越了傳統(tǒng)的由要素集中投入和供應(yīng)鏈優(yōu)化配置所帶產(chǎn)生的優(yōu)勢(shì)。因此以知識(shí)創(chuàng)造為中介變量,探究創(chuàng)新集群內(nèi)衍生企業(yè)如何通過(guò)有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出促進(jìn)集群內(nèi)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)、技術(shù)集成創(chuàng)造和新興產(chǎn)業(yè)衍生,由此推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新集群走上持續(xù)性、多樣性、創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)展道路,帶動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展兼具理論和實(shí)踐意義。本文將創(chuàng)新集群衍生變量解構(gòu)為企業(yè)衍生、技術(shù)衍生和新興產(chǎn)業(yè)衍生三個(gè)維度,并對(duì)大連市重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群企業(yè)通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)收集,最后篩選獲得241份有效問(wèn)卷,通過(guò)對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析以及效度與信度檢驗(yàn),最后進(jìn)行回歸分析,實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)了有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出對(duì)創(chuàng)新集群衍生的直接影響及知識(shí)創(chuàng)造對(duì)二者關(guān)系的中介效應(yīng)。本研究主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)創(chuàng)新集群衍生的內(nèi)涵包含企業(yè)衍生、技術(shù)衍生、新興產(chǎn)業(yè)衍生三個(gè)維度,新興產(chǎn)業(yè)衍生的加入使創(chuàng)新集群的衍生研究從原有的企業(yè)和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新層面拓寬到產(chǎn)業(yè)視角,不僅可以完善集群中的產(chǎn)業(yè)類型和優(yōu)化現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈配置,更重要的是為集群未來(lái)的轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展提供前瞻性的戰(zhàn)略視角。(2)目前多數(shù)以知識(shí)溢出為自變量研究集群衍生的文章大多將知識(shí)溢出限定在企業(yè)間無(wú)意識(shí)的知識(shí)傳播范疇,而對(duì)基于正式合作協(xié)議的主體間有意識(shí)性的溢出行為關(guān)注不夠,本文為創(chuàng)新集群衍生的研究提供新的視角,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)兼具正式性和動(dòng)態(tài)性的集群企業(yè)間有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出才是構(gòu)建創(chuàng)新集群實(shí)現(xiàn)自主衍生道路的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出對(duì)創(chuàng)新集群衍生有很強(qiáng)的解釋能力,但對(duì)創(chuàng)新集群衍生各個(gè)維度具有差別的直接效應(yīng)。有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出對(duì)技術(shù)衍生的影響最大,但對(duì)企業(yè)衍生的解釋能力則相對(duì)較弱。這從實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)方面證實(shí)了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新對(duì)知識(shí)溢出尤其是基于正式協(xié)議的研發(fā)合作主體自愿、主動(dòng)地知識(shí)溢出的嚴(yán)格依賴性。相比于技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新與衍生,企業(yè)衍生是一種更為精密和復(fù)雜的創(chuàng)新過(guò)程,受到的影響因素也更為復(fù)雜,因此知識(shí)溢出在其中的作用相對(duì)下降。(3)研究結(jié)論得到,知識(shí)創(chuàng)造對(duì)有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出與創(chuàng)新集群衍生的關(guān)系有中介作用,但是具體到創(chuàng)新集群衍生的三種維度,知識(shí)創(chuàng)造所起的中介效應(yīng)有所差異。知識(shí)創(chuàng)造在有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出與企業(yè)衍生之間起完全中介作用;而有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出和技術(shù)衍生之間、新興產(chǎn)業(yè)衍生之間,知識(shí)創(chuàng)造起部分中介作用。創(chuàng)新集群中的衍生企業(yè),大多是母體企業(yè)的雇員依靠技術(shù)創(chuàng)新尋找新的次級(jí)市場(chǎng),并將其成功商業(yè)化的活動(dòng),在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,更多體現(xiàn)的是知識(shí)創(chuàng)造的價(jià)值。結(jié)合前面的實(shí)證研究結(jié)果和分析討論,本研究提出了知識(shí)創(chuàng)造視角下的創(chuàng)新集群基于有意識(shí)的知識(shí)溢出的衍生實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制,不僅拓展了創(chuàng)新集群的研究?jī)?nèi)容,而且初步探索了創(chuàng)新集群可持續(xù)自主衍生的實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制。通過(guò)知識(shí)創(chuàng)造性的應(yīng)用和新知識(shí)的再生,集群內(nèi)企業(yè)充分利用內(nèi)外知識(shí)資源,如集群內(nèi)的溢出知識(shí),成為提升集群整體技術(shù)創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)出和培養(yǎng)衍生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的可行方式之一,這為創(chuàng)新集群如何實(shí)現(xiàn)衍生提供了理論構(gòu)建路徑,而且也為創(chuàng)新集群的實(shí)踐操作提出了指導(dǎo)思想和解決方案。最后,通過(guò)對(duì)研究結(jié)論的分析而得出對(duì)實(shí)踐具有指導(dǎo)意義的管理啟示,并指出本研究中的不足。
[Abstract]:The advent of the era of knowledge economy makes academics and science and technology policymakers focus on the research of innovative clusters which are driven by knowledge enrichment and technological innovation, in order to explore the successful innovation cluster self derivation model, drive regional economic growth and improve the construction of national innovation system. Entrepreneurship, technology renewal and reengineering, as well as the transformation and upgrading of the old industry to the emerging industries are the main phenomena which represent the derivative of the innovation cluster. It is also an effective mode for the innovation cluster to realize the scale, diversification and autonomy of the innovation cluster. The large number of knowledge spillovers and knowledge creation activities in the innovative cluster have become the focus of the related fields. Some studies have summarized the influence of knowledge spillover on the innovation cluster derivation, but it does not explain how knowledge spillovers affect the derivation of innovation clusters, that is, the derivative mechanism of innovative clusters has not been further revealed. On the basis of resource view, knowledge can be created by a conscious effort and the behavior of resource consumption. For innovative clusters, the cluster benefits of knowledge enrichment, spillover effects and new knowledge creation have surpassed the traditional concentration of factors from the elements. The advantages of the optimal allocation of the supply chain. Therefore, with the knowledge creation as the intermediary variable, it explores how the derivative enterprises in the innovation cluster promote the enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship in the cluster through conscious knowledge spillovers, the technology integration creation and the emerging industry derivation, thus promoting the innovation cluster to go on the path of sustainability, diversity and creative development. It has both theoretical and practical significance to promote the prosperity and development of regional economy. This paper deconstructs the derivative variables of innovative cluster into three dimensions of enterprise derivative, technology derivation and emerging industries, and collects data through questionnaire survey in key industrial clusters in Dalian, and finally obtains 241 valid questionnaires, through the sample data. The descriptive statistical analysis, validity and reliability test were carried out, and the regression analysis was carried out to test the direct influence of knowledge spillovers on the derivative of innovative cluster and the mediating effect of knowledge creation on the relationship between the two. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the connotation of innovation cluster derivation includes enterprise derivative, technology derivation, The emerging industry derives three dimensions. The derivative of emerging industries makes the derivative research of the innovation cluster widen from the original enterprise and technology innovation level to the industrial perspective, not only to improve the industrial type in the cluster and to optimize the existing industrial chain configuration, but also to provide a forward-looking strategic perspective for the uncoming transformation and development of the cluster. 2) most of the articles derived from knowledge spillovers as independent variables are mostly limited to the category of unconscious knowledge dissemination among enterprises, but not enough attention to the conscious spillover between subjects based on formal cooperation agreements. This paper provides a new perspective for the research of innovative cluster derivation, and the research finds both formal and formal. A conscious knowledge spillover between sexual and dynamic clusters is the starting point for the independent derivation of an innovative cluster. A conscious knowledge spillover has a strong explanatory power for the derivation of the innovation cluster, but it has a direct effect on the different dimensions of the innovation cluster. It has the greatest response, but is relatively weak in the explanatory power of enterprise derived. This proves that technology innovation is voluntary for knowledge spillovers, especially based on formal agreement based R & D partners, and is strictly dependent on active knowledge spillovers. Compared to technological innovation and derivation, enterprise derivation is a more sophisticated and complex innovation. The influence factors of the process are also more complex, so the effect of knowledge spillover is relatively decreasing. (3) the conclusion is that knowledge creation has a mediating effect on the relationship between knowledge spillover and innovation cluster derivation, but the medium effect of knowledge creation is different to the three dimensions derived from innovation cluster. The knowledge spillover plays a complete intermediary role between the conscious knowledge spillover and the enterprise derivation; while the conscious knowledge spillover and the technological derivation, the emerging industry derives, and the knowledge creation plays a part of intermediary role. In the process of successful commercialization, more embodies the value of knowledge creation. Combined with the previous empirical research results and analysis and discussion, this study proposes a derivative realization mechanism based on conscious knowledge spillovers from the perspective of knowledge creation, which does not only expand the research content of the innovative cluster, but also preliminary. The realization mechanism of sustainable independent derivative of innovation cluster is explored. Through the application of creative knowledge and the regeneration of new knowledge, enterprises in the cluster make full use of the internal and external knowledge resources, such as the spillover knowledge within the cluster, and become one of the feasible ways to improve the overall technological innovation output and develop the derivative ability of the cluster. The derivation provides the theoretical construction path, and also puts forward the guiding ideology and solutions for the practice operation of the innovation cluster. Finally, through the analysis of the conclusions of the research, we can draw the guiding significance of the management enlightenment to practice, and point out the shortcomings in this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F273.1
本文編號(hào)：2141966
[Abstract]:The advent of the era of knowledge economy makes academics and science and technology policymakers focus on the research of innovative clusters which are driven by knowledge enrichment and technological innovation, in order to explore the successful innovation cluster self derivation model, drive regional economic growth and improve the construction of national innovation system. Entrepreneurship, technology renewal and reengineering, as well as the transformation and upgrading of the old industry to the emerging industries are the main phenomena which represent the derivative of the innovation cluster. It is also an effective mode for the innovation cluster to realize the scale, diversification and autonomy of the innovation cluster. The large number of knowledge spillovers and knowledge creation activities in the innovative cluster have become the focus of the related fields. Some studies have summarized the influence of knowledge spillover on the innovation cluster derivation, but it does not explain how knowledge spillovers affect the derivation of innovation clusters, that is, the derivative mechanism of innovative clusters has not been further revealed. On the basis of resource view, knowledge can be created by a conscious effort and the behavior of resource consumption. For innovative clusters, the cluster benefits of knowledge enrichment, spillover effects and new knowledge creation have surpassed the traditional concentration of factors from the elements. The advantages of the optimal allocation of the supply chain. Therefore, with the knowledge creation as the intermediary variable, it explores how the derivative enterprises in the innovation cluster promote the enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship in the cluster through conscious knowledge spillovers, the technology integration creation and the emerging industry derivation, thus promoting the innovation cluster to go on the path of sustainability, diversity and creative development. It has both theoretical and practical significance to promote the prosperity and development of regional economy. This paper deconstructs the derivative variables of innovative cluster into three dimensions of enterprise derivative, technology derivation and emerging industries, and collects data through questionnaire survey in key industrial clusters in Dalian, and finally obtains 241 valid questionnaires, through the sample data. The descriptive statistical analysis, validity and reliability test were carried out, and the regression analysis was carried out to test the direct influence of knowledge spillovers on the derivative of innovative cluster and the mediating effect of knowledge creation on the relationship between the two. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the connotation of innovation cluster derivation includes enterprise derivative, technology derivation, The emerging industry derives three dimensions. The derivative of emerging industries makes the derivative research of the innovation cluster widen from the original enterprise and technology innovation level to the industrial perspective, not only to improve the industrial type in the cluster and to optimize the existing industrial chain configuration, but also to provide a forward-looking strategic perspective for the uncoming transformation and development of the cluster. 2) most of the articles derived from knowledge spillovers as independent variables are mostly limited to the category of unconscious knowledge dissemination among enterprises, but not enough attention to the conscious spillover between subjects based on formal cooperation agreements. This paper provides a new perspective for the research of innovative cluster derivation, and the research finds both formal and formal. A conscious knowledge spillover between sexual and dynamic clusters is the starting point for the independent derivation of an innovative cluster. A conscious knowledge spillover has a strong explanatory power for the derivation of the innovation cluster, but it has a direct effect on the different dimensions of the innovation cluster. It has the greatest response, but is relatively weak in the explanatory power of enterprise derived. This proves that technology innovation is voluntary for knowledge spillovers, especially based on formal agreement based R & D partners, and is strictly dependent on active knowledge spillovers. Compared to technological innovation and derivation, enterprise derivation is a more sophisticated and complex innovation. The influence factors of the process are also more complex, so the effect of knowledge spillover is relatively decreasing. (3) the conclusion is that knowledge creation has a mediating effect on the relationship between knowledge spillover and innovation cluster derivation, but the medium effect of knowledge creation is different to the three dimensions derived from innovation cluster. The knowledge spillover plays a complete intermediary role between the conscious knowledge spillover and the enterprise derivation; while the conscious knowledge spillover and the technological derivation, the emerging industry derives, and the knowledge creation plays a part of intermediary role. In the process of successful commercialization, more embodies the value of knowledge creation. Combined with the previous empirical research results and analysis and discussion, this study proposes a derivative realization mechanism based on conscious knowledge spillovers from the perspective of knowledge creation, which does not only expand the research content of the innovative cluster, but also preliminary. The realization mechanism of sustainable independent derivative of innovation cluster is explored. Through the application of creative knowledge and the regeneration of new knowledge, enterprises in the cluster make full use of the internal and external knowledge resources, such as the spillover knowledge within the cluster, and become one of the feasible ways to improve the overall technological innovation output and develop the derivative ability of the cluster. The derivation provides the theoretical construction path, and also puts forward the guiding ideology and solutions for the practice operation of the innovation cluster. Finally, through the analysis of the conclusions of the research, we can draw the guiding significance of the management enlightenment to practice, and point out the shortcomings in this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F273.1
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，本文編號(hào)：2141966
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