【摘要】：隨著我國高速鐵路的快速發(fā)展,AT供電方式已成為我國電氣化鐵路供電的首選。AT供電專用自耦變壓器(以下簡稱"自耦變壓器")作為AT供電系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備之一,其容量的選擇不僅關(guān)系到電氣化鐵路的供電安全性還影響著運(yùn)營成本。根據(jù)鐵路部門統(tǒng)計(jì),牽引變壓器普遍存在著容量浪費(fèi)的問題,由于自耦變壓器負(fù)荷特性相似,因此也存在同樣問題。為了提高自耦變壓器的容量利用率,降低鐵路部門的運(yùn)營成本,有必要在保證牽引供電安全、可靠的前提下,對容量進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。本文首先利用Ansoft Maxwell電磁仿真軟件建立了 OD-25000/55型自耦變壓器三維模型,運(yùn)用電磁場理論和有限元法,對其進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。通過變壓器安匝平衡原理驗(yàn)證模型的正確性,模擬了自耦變壓器在空載時(shí)的鐵心損耗分布情況,據(jù)此對變壓器鐵心進(jìn)行了分塊劃分;計(jì)算并分析了變壓器繞組的漏磁場分布情況,提取了各個(gè)繞組中的橫向和縱向漏磁密值及其對應(yīng)的渦流損耗值。然后利用Ansys Fluent有限元軟件建立了 OD-25000/55型自耦變壓器的數(shù)值計(jì)算模型,仿真分析了額定狀態(tài)下穩(wěn)態(tài)時(shí)其內(nèi)部溫度場分布情況。探究了機(jī)車電流與繞組電流的關(guān)系,機(jī)車運(yùn)行狀態(tài)對繞組電流的影響,以及AT變電所供電距離和機(jī)車時(shí)速對自耦變壓器負(fù)載時(shí)間的影響,并研究了不同負(fù)荷特性下自耦變壓器的溫升特性。最后計(jì)算了三種不同容量自耦變壓器的結(jié)構(gòu),分析了外部環(huán)境對壽命損失的影響�；谟�(jì)算負(fù)荷下不同容量自耦變壓器的溫升特性分析了相應(yīng)的壽命損失情況,并根據(jù)此負(fù)荷特性選取合適的自耦變壓器容量,分析不同容量自耦變壓器在相同負(fù)載下的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。在滿足溫升限值要求以及絕緣壽命損失情況的前提下盡量減小變壓器容量,從而減少電費(fèi)支出,提高鐵路的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's high speed railway, the AT power supply mode has become the first choice of the.AT power supply special autotransformer (hereinafter referred to as "autotransformer") as one of the key equipment in the AT power supply system. The selection of its capacity is not only related to the power supply safety of the electric gasification railway, but also the operation cost. According to the statistics of the railway department, there is a common problem of capacity waste in traction transformers. Because of the similar load characteristics of the autotransformer, there are the same problems. In order to improve the capacity utilization of the autotransformer and reduce the operation cost of the railway department, it is necessary to optimize the capacity under the premise of ensuring the safety and reliability of the traction power supply. In this paper, the three-dimensional model of OD-25000/55 type autotransformer is established by using the Ansoft Maxwell electromagnetic simulation software. The theory of electromagnetic field and the finite element method are used to study the model. The correctness of the model is verified by the principle of the transformer ampere turn balance, and the distribution of the iron core loss when the autotransformer is no-load is simulated. The core of transformer is divided into blocks. The leakage magnetic field distribution of transformer winding is calculated and analyzed. The transverse and longitudinal magnetic flux leakage density in each winding and its corresponding eddy current loss value are extracted. Then the numerical calculation model of OD-25000/55 type autotransformer is established by using Ansys Fluent finite element software, and the simulation analysis is made. The distribution of internal temperature field in the steady state at the rated state, the relationship between the locomotive current and the winding current, the influence of the locomotive running state on the winding current, the influence of the power supply distance of the AT substation and the locomotive speed on the load time of the autotransformer, and the temperature rise characteristics of the autotransformer under different negative lotus characteristics are studied. Finally, the temperature rise characteristic of the autotransformer is studied. The structure of three different capacity autotransformer is calculated, and the influence of the external environment on the life loss is analyzed. Based on the temperature rise characteristic of the autotransformer with different capacity under the calculation load, the corresponding life loss is analyzed, and the appropriate capacity of the autotransformer is selected according to the load characteristic, and the autotransformer of different capacity is analyzed in phase. Under the same load, the capacity of the transformer is reduced as much as possible to meet the requirements of the temperature rise limit and the loss of insulation life, thus reducing the cost of electricity and improving the economic efficiency of the railway.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U223

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