本文選題：避雷器 + 壽命評估　； 參考：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：德慶地處粵西山區(qū),配電架空線路遭受雷擊跳閘造成停電事故較為突出。近年來,社會經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,“家電下鄉(xiāng)”政策使得人民生活水平得到顯著提升,隨著各種各樣家用電器的普及,人們的生活離不開電,并對電能的質(zhì)量提出了越來越高的要求。架設在村邊巷尾的配電線路、開關、變壓器等作為電力系統(tǒng)的最基本單元,其是否能安全穩(wěn)定運行直接影響著用戶的用電質(zhì)量。在配電架空線路上安裝避雷器以保護配電設備免受雷擊損壞是行之有效的方法,但由于避雷器本身的局限性,自身損壞或需要更換時造成線路停電,不僅影響供電可靠性及客戶滿意度,而且影響著配電網(wǎng)的安全穩(wěn)定運行。本論文選取2013~2015年間德慶地區(qū)10k V電壓等級避雷器故障數(shù)據(jù)為對象,對避雷器的故障類型和故障特征進行了統(tǒng)計。首先從配網(wǎng)用避雷器的結(jié)構(gòu)組成、工作原理、故障機理等對避雷器運行故障原因進行分析;接著從配網(wǎng)用避雷器大電流耐受能力、密封性能、耐污閃性能等對避雷器運行性能進行分析,最后結(jié)合該地區(qū)雷電時空分布特征分析造成各類型故障的原因。其次,根據(jù)德慶地區(qū)雷電地閃分布計算出雷電流幅值概率分布情況,建立起10k V電壓等級避雷器的壽命評估模型,繼而根據(jù)避雷器安裝點地閃密度的不同對避雷器的壽命進行評估,形成基層人員在日常工作中避雷器運行維護的有力依據(jù)。最后,根據(jù)德慶地區(qū)10k V電壓等級避雷器在日常運行過程中出現(xiàn)的缺陷類型、故障原因、運行環(huán)境等,并結(jié)合避雷器壽命評估結(jié)果,從避雷器的選型、出廠試驗、接收和保管、安裝、運行維護等方面加強對避雷器全生命周期的把關,提出相應的策略來降低德慶地區(qū)10k V電壓等級避雷器的故障率。
[Abstract]:Deqing is located in the mountainous area of western Guangdong Province. The power cut caused by lightning strike on the overhead distribution line is more prominent. In recent years, with the continuous development of social economy, the policy of "home appliances going to the countryside" has greatly improved the living standards of the people. With the popularization of all kinds of household appliances, people can not live without electricity. And put forward higher and higher request to the quality of electric energy. As the most basic unit of the power system, the distribution lines, switches and transformers installed at the end of the village side lane directly affect the power quality of the users whether they can run safely and stably. It is an effective method to install arresters on the overhead lines to protect the distribution equipment from lightning damage. However, due to the limitation of the arrester itself, when the lightning arrester itself is damaged or needs to be replaced, the line will be cut off. It not only affects the reliability of power supply and customer satisfaction, but also affects the safe and stable operation of distribution network. In this paper, the fault data of 10kV voltage arrester in Deqing area from 2013 to 2015 are selected as the object, and the fault types and fault characteristics of the arrester are analyzed. First of all, from the structure, working principle, failure mechanism of the arrester used in the distribution network to analyze the causes of the operation failure of the arrester, and then from the distribution network arrester large current tolerance, sealing performance, The operation performance of lightning arrester is analyzed, and finally, the causes of various kinds of faults are analyzed according to the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of lightning in this area. Secondly, according to the lightning flicker distribution in Deqing area, the probability distribution of lightning current amplitude is calculated, and the life evaluation model of 10 kV voltage level arrester is established. Then the life of the arrester is evaluated according to the density of the lightning arrester installation site, and the force basis for the operation and maintenance of the arrester is formed in the daily work of the basic level personnel. Finally, according to the defect type, fault cause, operation environment and so on of 10kV voltage grade arrester in Deqing area, combined with the result of lightning arrester life evaluation, from the selection of arrester, factory test, reception and storage, In the aspects of installation, operation and maintenance, the whole life cycle of the arrester is strengthened, and the corresponding strategies are put forward to reduce the failure rate of the 10 kV voltage level arrester in Deqing area.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM862

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