本文選題：花生 + GIS地理信息系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：花生是遼寧省重要的油料和經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,也是抗旱避災(zāi)的首選作物。遼寧省具有適宜的氣候條件、充足的種植面積以及成熟的加工產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢,成為我國花生生產(chǎn)的第四大省區(qū)。本文利用遼寧省61個(gè)氣象觀測站1981-2010年逐日氣候資料,依托GIS優(yōu)越的空間數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析能力,利用統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法,實(shí)現(xiàn)遼寧省多個(gè)氣候要素的空間分布狀況高精度模擬。在分析遼寧省各氣候資源要素的時(shí)間變化特征及空間分布狀態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上,選取影響花生生長的6個(gè)氣候資源區(qū)劃指標(biāo),通過地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)對遼寧地區(qū)花生種植氣候適宜性進(jìn)行精細(xì)化區(qū)劃,比較地區(qū)間適宜性的差異,并繪制出花生氣候適宜性區(qū)劃專題圖。為花生種植的合理布局和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃,充分利用氣候資源、減輕不利氣候條件對花生生產(chǎn)的影響提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.以相關(guān)地形因子為變量,通過混合插值法建立遼寧省4個(gè)主要農(nóng)業(yè)氣候資源要素、5個(gè)花生區(qū)劃指標(biāo)空間推算模型,以空間模型制作氣候要素的高精度模擬柵格圖,分辨率為500m2。2.遼寧農(nóng)業(yè)氣候資源的變化特征。遼寧省30年來總體呈變暖趨勢。年平均氣溫以0.3℃/10年的變化率顯著升高;≥10℃積溫同樣表現(xiàn)出增加趨勢,其變化傾向率為125.6℃/10年;年降水量以13.6mm/10年的變化速呈微弱減少趨勢,變化特征不明顯;而全年日照時(shí)數(shù)則以47小時(shí)/10年的變化率逐年遞減。3.遼寧花生種植的氣候適宜性區(qū)劃結(jié)果顯示,最適宜區(qū)主要分布在遼河下游平原及沿海平原地區(qū);氣候較適宜區(qū)主要分布于低地平原向丘陵的過渡區(qū)域;氣候適宜區(qū)主要分布在丘陵地帶;氣候不適宜區(qū)主要分布于山地地區(qū)。從氣候資源角度,全省絕大多數(shù)地區(qū)比較適宜種植花生作物,僅有極少數(shù)山地地區(qū)不太適宜。
[Abstract]:Peanut is an important oil crop and cash crop in Liaoning Province, and it is also the first choice crop for drought resistance and disaster avoidance. Liaoning Province is the fourth province of peanut production in China because of its suitable climatic conditions, sufficient planting area and mature processing industry. Based on the daily climate data of 61 meteorological stations in Liaoning Province from 1981 to 2010 and relying on the superior spatial data processing and analysis ability of GIS, the high-precision simulation of spatial distribution of many climatic elements in Liaoning Province is realized by using statistical analysis method. Based on the analysis of time variation and spatial distribution of climate resource elements in Liaoning Province, six climate resource regionalization indexes affecting peanut growth were selected. The climate suitability of peanut planting in Liaoning Province was refined by GIS, the difference of suitability was compared, and the thematic map of climate suitability regionalization of peanut was drawn. It provides a scientific basis for rational distribution of peanut planting and industrial development planning, making full use of climatic resources and mitigating the impact of adverse climatic conditions on peanut production. The main results are as follows: 1. Taking the related terrain factors as variables, four main agricultural climatic resource elements and five peanut regionalization index spatial prediction models were established by mixed interpolation method. The high-precision simulation grid map of climate elements was made with spatial model, with a resolution of 500m2.2. The change characteristic of Liaoning agricultural climate resources. Liaoning Province has shown a warming trend in the past 30 years. The annual mean temperature increased significantly at 0. 3 鈩，

本文編號：1839209