本文選題：靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī) + HMI��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著“中國(guó)制造2025”的提出,國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展對(duì)機(jī)械裝備技術(shù)也提出了更高的要求。在力值計(jì)量領(lǐng)域,許多新材料、新技術(shù)和新工藝應(yīng)用到了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)力設(shè)備上,在裝備性能提高的同時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)和控制方式也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,為了適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)的要求,需要對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)力設(shè)備在結(jié)構(gòu)和控制方面進(jìn)行深入研究。靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)作為力值計(jì)量精度最高的設(shè)備,其加載精度一直代表著力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)領(lǐng)域的最高基準(zhǔn)。本論文基于1k N靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī),在結(jié)構(gòu)和控制系統(tǒng)方面做了新的嘗試,使力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)的性能進(jìn)一步提高。首先,論文對(duì)1k N靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)進(jìn)行了機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)部分的設(shè)計(jì),包括主機(jī)機(jī)架,動(dòng)橫梁,砝碼組件,砝碼驅(qū)動(dòng)部件,吊掛組件,防擺機(jī)構(gòu)等,并對(duì)主要部件進(jìn)行了力學(xué)性能分析。其次,針對(duì)砝碼交換產(chǎn)生的逆負(fù)荷問(wèn)題,本文提出了一種平推夾緊原理,即采用夾持吊掛的方法進(jìn)行砝碼交換,并建立了力學(xué)模型,設(shè)計(jì)了一種夾緊裝置。通過(guò)此裝置動(dòng)作,消除了逆負(fù)荷對(duì)計(jì)量精度的影響,提高了檢定數(shù)據(jù)的準(zhǔn)確性。再次,本論文在應(yīng)用電動(dòng)獨(dú)立加碼技術(shù)和吊掛防擺技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種以PLC控制器和工業(yè)觸摸屏(HMI)技術(shù)為核心的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),將該控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)了力值計(jì)量和數(shù)據(jù)處理的自動(dòng)化,提高了檢定效率。在硬件方面,完成了電氣元件的選型與連接,對(duì)控制流程和控制電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。在軟件方面,實(shí)現(xiàn)了控制系統(tǒng)的通訊以及PLC和HMI的組態(tài),完成了PLC程序的設(shè)計(jì)和HMI界面的設(shè)計(jì)。最后,對(duì)靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)進(jìn)行了性能測(cè)試,根據(jù)稱重傳感器的檢定規(guī)程,完成了傳感器的靜負(fù)荷特性實(shí)驗(yàn)和蠕變實(shí)驗(yàn)。完成了砝碼交換時(shí)消除逆負(fù)荷的實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)以上實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,所設(shè)計(jì)的靜重式力標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)滿足要求。這種HMI與PLC結(jié)合的控制方式,可以實(shí)時(shí)顯示機(jī)器運(yùn)行狀態(tài),方便技術(shù)人員的操作,增加了控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the proposal of "made in China 2025", the development of national economy has put forward higher requirements for machinery and equipment technology. In the field of force value measurement, many new materials, new technologies and new processes have been applied to the standard force measuring equipment. With the improvement of equipment performance, the structure and control methods are becoming more and more complex, in order to meet the requirements of the new situation, It is necessary to study the structure and control of the standard force measuring equipment. Static force standard machine is the equipment with the highest precision of force measurement, and its loading precision always represents the highest standard in the field of standard machine. Based on 1kN static load force standard machine, this paper makes a new attempt in structure and control system, so that the performance of force standard machine can be further improved. First of all, the paper designs the mechanical structure of 1kN static force standard machine, including main frame, moving beam, weight component, weight driving component, hanging component, anti-swinging mechanism and so on. The mechanical properties of the main components are analyzed. Secondly, aiming at the inverse load problem caused by weight exchange, this paper puts forward a kind of flat push clamping principle, that is, adopting the method of clamping and hanging to carry out the weight exchange, and establishes the mechanical model and designs a clamping device. By using this device, the influence of inverse load on measurement accuracy is eliminated, and the accuracy of verification data is improved. Thirdly, on the basis of the application of electric independent code adding technology and hoisting anti-swing technology, an automatic control system based on PLC controller and industrial touch screen is proposed, and the control system is applied to static force standard machine. The automation of force value measurement and data processing is realized, and the efficiency of verification is improved. In the aspect of hardware, the selection and connection of electrical components are completed, and the control flow and control circuit are designed. In the aspect of software, the communication of control system and the configuration of PLC and HMI are realized, and the design of PLC program and HMI interface is completed. Finally, the performance of the static force standard machine is tested. According to the verification regulation of the weighing sensor, the static load characteristic experiment and creep experiment of the sensor are completed. The experiment of eliminating inverse load in weight exchange is completed. Through the above experimental verification, the static force standard machine is designed to meet the requirements. The combination of HMI and PLC can display the running state of the machine in real time, facilitate the operation of technicians, and increase the reliability of the control system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH823;TP273

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