本文選題：交通噪聲　切入點(diǎn)：居民區(qū)　出處：《河北工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的飛速發(fā)展,城市道路上的車流密度也隨之提高,據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),2008年我國(guó)汽車保有量從1608.91萬(wàn)增加到5099.61萬(wàn)量,增長(zhǎng)了將近2.2倍,截止到2016年底,我國(guó)汽車保有量高達(dá)2.9億輛,汽車保有量如此驚人的增長(zhǎng)速度使得由交通噪聲引起的環(huán)境問題日益突出。本文以邯鄲市曹前線臨漳段為實(shí)例,對(duì)噪聲的特征、來源、污染規(guī)律等方面進(jìn)行闡述分析,根據(jù)客觀等聲級(jí)線,以及客觀與主觀的模糊集綜合評(píng)價(jià),同時(shí)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,得出主要結(jié)論如下:(1)對(duì)曹前線噪聲貢獻(xiàn)最大的是大型車,其車流量與道路交通噪聲相關(guān)性最高,其次是小型車。對(duì)敏感點(diǎn)噪聲進(jìn)行分析得出,各敏感點(diǎn)噪聲值隨時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)基本一致,且道路噪聲與各敏感點(diǎn)噪聲值相關(guān)系數(shù)都很高,這主要是由于各敏感點(diǎn)均設(shè)置在臨路第一排房屋前,由于臨路交通量大,故受車輛噪聲影響較大。(2)隨著監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)與道路中心點(diǎn)距離的增加道路交通噪聲與監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)噪聲的相關(guān)性逐漸降低,且道路交通噪聲隨距離的傳播符合線聲源的傳播規(guī)律,隨著傳播距離的增加噪聲值呈現(xiàn)逐漸降低的趨勢(shì)。其中40m之內(nèi)噪聲值降低最明顯。(3)應(yīng)用等聲級(jí)線圖對(duì)噪聲進(jìn)行客觀評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示:研究路段附近村莊距離公路較近,第一排房屋受該路段交通噪聲影響最顯著;由于第一排門市店鋪對(duì)噪聲的隔擋作用,自第二排起遠(yuǎn)離公路一側(cè)的住戶受交通噪聲影響逐漸減少。(4)通過從水平、垂直兩個(gè)方面對(duì)研究路段進(jìn)行了結(jié)合主、客觀因素的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果顯示:噪聲對(duì)A7稱勾鎮(zhèn)的影響最嚴(yán)重,影響程度由第III級(jí)中度影響趨向于第IV級(jí)較嚴(yán)重影響。道路交通噪聲對(duì)不同距離監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的模糊評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果均屬于第I級(jí)無影響趨向于第II級(jí)輕度影響,且隨著距離的增加,隸屬于第I級(jí)無影響的隸屬度逐漸增加,而隸屬于第IV級(jí)較嚴(yán)重影響和第V級(jí)重度影響的隸屬度逐漸降低。(5)等聲級(jí)線圖法和模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)兩種方法對(duì)比得出,兩種分析方法所得評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果基本有一定的相似之處,這說明噪聲對(duì)人們產(chǎn)生的實(shí)際影響與人們主觀感受到的影響結(jié)果相對(duì)一致,但加入了主觀評(píng)價(jià)的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法能更準(zhǔn)確、更全面的的體現(xiàn)出交通噪聲對(duì)周邊居民的影響程度和影響范圍。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and society, the density of traffic on urban roads has also increased. According to statistics, in 2008, the number of cars held in China increased from sixteen million eighty-nine thousand and one hundred to fifty million nine hundred and ninety-six thousand and one hundred , an increase of nearly 2.2-fold, and by end of 2016. The number of cars in China is as high as 290 million, and the vehicle ownership is increasing at such an amazing speed that the environmental problems caused by traffic noise are becoming more and more prominent. This paper takes the section of Linzhang at the front line of Handan City as an example to analyze the characteristics and sources of the noise. The pollution law and other aspects are expounded and analyzed. According to the objective iso-sound level line and the objective and subjective fuzzy set comprehensive evaluation, at the same time, through comparative analysis, it is concluded that the main conclusion is as follows: 1) the largest contribution to the noise of Cao front-line is the large vehicle. The correlation between the traffic flow and the traffic noise is the highest, followed by the small car. By analyzing the sensitive point noise, it is found that the noise value of each sensitive point is basically the same with the time, and the correlation coefficient between the road noise and the noise value of each sensitive point is very high. This is mainly due to the fact that all sensitive points are located in front of the first row of houses on the Lin Lu Road, and because of the heavy traffic volume, Therefore, with the increase of the distance between the monitoring point and the central point of the road, the correlation between the road traffic noise and the noise of the monitoring point is gradually reduced, and the propagation of the road traffic noise with the distance accords with the propagation law of the line sound source. With the increase of the propagation distance, the noise value decreased gradually, and the noise value decreased most obviously within 40 m.) the noise was evaluated objectively by using the iso-sound level graph. The evaluation results showed that the villages near the study section were close to the highway. The first row of houses was most significantly affected by the traffic noise along the road; because of the barrier effect of the first row of shops to the noise, the residents far from the side of the highway from the second row gradually decreased by the traffic noise. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of subjective and objective factors is carried out in the vertical two aspects. The results show that the noise has the most serious effect on the Gou town of A7. The result of fuzzy evaluation of road traffic noise on different distance monitoring points belongs to grade I and has no effect on grade II, and with the increase of distance, the degree of influence tends to be more serious than that of grade IV, and the result of fuzzy evaluation of road traffic noise on different distance monitoring points is similar to that of grade II. The degree of membership of grade I without influence increases gradually, while that of grade IV and grade V decreases gradually.) the comparison of two methods, I. e., sound level diagram method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, shows that the degree of membership of grade I is increasing, while the degree of membership of grade IV is decreasing gradually, and the degree of membership of grade V is decreasing gradually. The evaluation results obtained by the two methods are similar to each other, which indicates that the actual effect of noise on people is relatively consistent with that of people's subjective feelings, but the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method with subjective evaluation can be more accurate. A more comprehensive reflection of the impact of traffic noise on the surrounding residents and the extent of the impact.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X827

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