本文選題：安徽省　切入點：農(nóng)村留守婦女　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展帶來了工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化。工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的不斷加快,對勞動力的大量需求致使城鎮(zhèn)化也得到迅速發(fā)展,加之科學(xué)技術(shù)在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中得到廣泛運(yùn)用,大量農(nóng)村勞動力從農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中解放出來,開始大規(guī)模向城市轉(zhuǎn)移。農(nóng)村女性由于受自身與外部多重因素的共同影響而在非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移過程中滯后于男性,農(nóng)村留守婦女這一特殊群體由此產(chǎn)生。安徽省作為農(nóng)業(yè)大省,人口眾多,農(nóng)村勞動力人口向外輸出的數(shù)量在全國范圍內(nèi)名列前茅,因此在同等社會制度背景下安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女現(xiàn)象也更加明顯。目前對安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女的研究多以其留守生活狀況為主,缺少關(guān)于該群體外遷意愿的研究,對其中產(chǎn)生的問題也缺少較為有效的對策和解決措施。因此,加大對安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女外遷意愿研究的關(guān)注力度和進(jìn)行相關(guān)系統(tǒng)研究對解決城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中非農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)移問題有著積極和深遠(yuǎn)的意義。文章以推拉理論、社會性別理論與經(jīng)濟(jì)利益最大化理論作為理論分析依據(jù),結(jié)合實地問卷調(diào)查及訪談對安徽省皖南和皖北共計八個縣區(qū)進(jìn)行實證調(diào)研。通過普查與統(tǒng)計年鑒等專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)推算出現(xiàn)階段安徽省共有500萬左右農(nóng)村留守婦女,結(jié)合安徽省實際具體分析出農(nóng)村留守婦女群體形成的三個因素:社會制度與文化、女性自身因素和家庭決策結(jié)果。通過實地問卷調(diào)查對安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)濟(jì)生活狀況、政治參與狀況、家庭權(quán)利歸屬狀況和婚姻狀況作出描述統(tǒng)計與分析。運(yùn)用單因素分析與Logistic多元回歸模型對農(nóng)村留守婦女外遷意愿進(jìn)行分析,分別設(shè)置了個體特征、家庭特征與外部環(huán)境特征3個因素共計11個變量從不同方面對安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女外遷意愿進(jìn)行分析。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)階段安徽省農(nóng)村留守婦女的外遷意愿較低,但其中還存在一定數(shù)量暫時并未想好將來是否要外遷,即有潛在外遷意愿的農(nóng)村留守婦女。現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)村留守婦女的留守生活和外遷后的生活還存在著一系列問題,這些問題不僅影響著該群體自身也對城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程與農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)與文化的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。文章針對這一系列問題結(jié)合省情提出相應(yīng)的對策與建議:增加農(nóng)村留守婦女的人力資本積累加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育,改善留守生活;改善農(nóng)村留守婦女的政治參與狀況,保障自身與家庭權(quán)益;重視文化生活對農(nóng)村留守婦女的積極作用,營造良好文化氛圍;改善外部環(huán)境與制度環(huán)境,利用政策體系全面保障農(nóng)村留守婦女外遷后的生活。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of social economy has brought about industrialization and urbanization. In addition, science and technology have been widely used in agricultural production, and a large number of rural labor forces have been liberated from agricultural production. Rural women lagged behind men in the process of non-agricultural transfer because of the influence of their own and external factors, and the special group of rural women left behind came into being. Anhui Province was a big agricultural province. With a large population, the output of rural labor force is among the highest in the whole country. Therefore, under the background of the same social system, the phenomenon of rural left-behind women in Anhui Province is more obvious. There is also a lack of effective countermeasures and solutions to the problems arising there.Therefore, It is of positive and far-reaching significance to pay more attention to the study of rural left-behind women's willingness to move out of Anhui Province and to carry out related systematic research to solve the problem of non-agricultural transfer in the process of urbanization. The theory of gender and the theory of maximization of economic benefits are used as the theoretical basis for the analysis. Based on the field survey and interviews, this paper makes an empirical investigation on the eight counties and districts in southern and northern Anhui Province. Through the professional data such as census and statistical yearbook, it is estimated that there are about 5 million rural left-behind women in Anhui Province. Combined with the actual situation in Anhui Province, the paper analyzes three factors that form the rural women's group: social system and culture. Women's own factors and family decision making results. Through the field questionnaire survey, the current economic life and political participation of rural left-behind women in Anhui Province are investigated. Family rights and marital status are described and analyzed. Univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate regression model are used to analyze the willingness of rural women left behind to move out, and individual characteristics are set up, respectively. The three factors of family characteristics and external environmental characteristics are 11 variables to analyze the rural women's willingness to move out from different aspects in Anhui Province. Through the study, it is found that the rural women in Anhui province are less willing to emigrate. However, there are still a certain number of rural left-behind women who do not have a good idea of whether to move out in the future, that is, rural left-behind women who have the potential to move out. At the present stage, there are still a series of problems in the left-behind life of rural left-behind women and their life after emigration. These problems not only affect the group itself, but also have a negative impact on the process of urbanization and the development of rural economy and culture. Women's human capital accumulation strengthens vocational education, Improve the left-behind life, improve the political participation of rural left-behind women, protect their own and family rights and interests, attach importance to the positive role of cultural life on rural left-behind women, create a good cultural atmosphere, improve the external environment and institutional environment, Make use of the policy system to ensure the life of the rural women left behind after they have moved out of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D669.68

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