本文關(guān)鍵詞： 普惠金融 金融排斥 因子分析 區(qū)域比較　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國已經(jīng)成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟體,但同時,一個無法回避的事實是,中國也存在著嚴(yán)重的金融失衡現(xiàn)象,主要表現(xiàn)為大中型企業(yè)和富裕人群獲得了最好的,甚至是過剩的金融服務(wù),而小微企業(yè)、貧困和弱勢群體的金融服務(wù)則嚴(yán)重缺失。金融資源過剩和金融資源缺失同時存在,導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡,繼續(xù)如此發(fā)展下去,將對我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的負面影響。普惠金融是指能有效、全方位地為社會所有階層和群體提供服務(wù)的金融體系,通俗地說就是讓所有老百姓享受更多的金融服務(wù),更好地支持經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。由此可見,普惠金融的核心就是公平性,強調(diào)向社會全體提供金融服務(wù),重點包括小微企業(yè)、農(nóng)戶及其他弱勢群體。普惠金融已經(jīng)成為一項國際共識,中國的普惠金融發(fā)展方興未艾,因此,普惠金融對我國經(jīng)濟增長具有重大意義,不僅可以滿足低層次消費群體的金融需求,還將有助于金融體系的完善。在此背景下,研究普惠金融對我國普惠金融的發(fā)展具有深刻的意義。本文首先簡要介紹了普惠金融的理論基礎(chǔ),闡述了普惠金融及與其相對的概念金融排斥,并對國內(nèi)外有關(guān)普惠金融的研究作出了較為詳盡的闡述。其次介紹了我國普惠金融的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,主要從普惠金融的廣度、深度、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)三個角度對普惠金融的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行描述性統(tǒng)計分析;在此基礎(chǔ)上,從可獲得性、使用情況和技術(shù)支持三個維度構(gòu)建了衡量普惠金融發(fā)展水平的指標(biāo)體系,采用因子分析法計算出普惠金融綜合指數(shù),根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)測算出我國31個省市2015年的普惠金融的發(fā)展水平并排名,結(jié)果顯示我國當(dāng)前的普惠金融發(fā)展水平普遍較低,并進一步通過聚類分析方法對普惠金融的省域差異進行比較分析,結(jié)果表明我國普惠金融的區(qū)域差異較為明顯,東部地區(qū)省份的普惠金融發(fā)展程度較高,而廣大中西部地區(qū)的普惠金融水平普遍較低,主要是受到經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平、城鎮(zhèn)化水平和人口地理因素的影響。最后,結(jié)合我國普惠金融的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和實證研究的結(jié)果,需要從培育發(fā)展需求主體、完善和激勵供給主體,優(yōu)化外部環(huán)境以及完善相關(guān)政策支持四個層面同時出發(fā),推進我國普惠金融的全面、持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China has become the world's second-largest economy, but at the same time, it is inevitable that there are serious financial imbalances in China, mainly for large and medium-sized enterprises and rich people to get the best. Even surplus financial services, while small and micro enterprises, poor and vulnerable groups of financial services are seriously missing. Financial resources surplus and lack of financial resources exist at the same time, leading to a serious structural imbalance. Continued development in this way will have a serious negative impact on the economic development of our country. Inclusive finance refers to the financial system which can effectively and comprehensively provide services to all social strata and groups. Generally speaking, it is to let all people enjoy more financial services and better support economic development. Thus, the core of inclusive finance is equity, emphasizing the provision of financial services to the whole society. Focus on small and micro enterprises, farmers and other vulnerable groups. Inclusive finance has become an international consensus, China's inclusive financial development is in the ascendant, therefore, inclusive finance has great significance for China's economic growth. It can not only meet the financial needs of low level consumer groups, but also contribute to the improvement of the financial system. In this context. The study of inclusive finance has profound significance to the development of inclusive finance in China. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the theoretical basis of inclusive finance, and expounds the inclusive finance and its opposite concept of financial exclusion. And the research on inclusive finance at home and abroad has made a more detailed exposition. Secondly, it introduces the development of inclusive finance in China, mainly from the breadth and depth of inclusive finance. The development status of inclusive finance is analyzed from three aspects of infrastructure construction. On this basis, from the three dimensions of availability, usage and technical support, the index system to measure the development level of inclusive finance is constructed, and the comprehensive index of inclusive finance is calculated by factor analysis. According to the relevant data, the development level of inclusive finance in 31 provinces and cities in 2015 is estimated and ranked. The results show that the development level of inclusive finance in China is generally low. And through the cluster analysis method to compare and analyze the regional differences of inclusive finance, the results show that the regional differences of inclusive finance are obvious in China, and the development degree of inclusive finance in eastern provinces is higher. The majority of the central and western regions of the inclusive financial level is generally low, mainly by the level of economic development, urbanization level and demographic and geographical factors. Finally. Combined with the development of inclusive finance in China and the results of empirical research, we need to cultivate the development of the main body of demand, improve and encourage the supply of the main body, optimize the external environment and improve the relevant policy support at the same time. Promote comprehensive and sustainable development of inclusive finance in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832
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本文編號：1467551