本文關(guān)鍵詞：甘肅省慶陽(yáng)市環(huán)縣西部地區(qū)黃土滑坡形成條件及機(jī)理研究　出處：《東華理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 黃土滑坡機(jī)理 切坡誘發(fā) 數(shù)值模擬 環(huán)縣西部地區(qū)

【摘要】：環(huán)縣西部地區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境脆弱,地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā),在一定程度上威脅著當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袢松碡?cái)產(chǎn)安全,制約區(qū)內(nèi)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。但環(huán)西部地區(qū)蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的風(fēng)能資源,目前該區(qū)著力開(kāi)發(fā)風(fēng)電資源,以帶動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,風(fēng)電工程會(huì)開(kāi)挖大量的邊坡,使得區(qū)內(nèi)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害將呈現(xiàn)加重趨勢(shì),對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆?cái)產(chǎn)安全和各類基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施存在更大的潛在威脅。本文以該區(qū)黃土滑坡形成機(jī)理研究為出發(fā)點(diǎn),以調(diào)查的341個(gè)不同類型滑坡為研究基礎(chǔ),對(duì)區(qū)內(nèi)黃土滑坡類型、規(guī)模、發(fā)育規(guī)律、形成條件進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié)。通過(guò)室內(nèi)分析測(cè)試獲得研究區(qū)內(nèi)黃土的土力學(xué)特征和破壞條件,結(jié)合野外調(diào)查資料,運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬方法對(duì)黃土滑坡形成機(jī)理進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,主要得出以下結(jié)論:在調(diào)查過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)研究區(qū)黃土滑坡影響因素眾多,包括構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)、地形地貌、地層巖性、地震、人類工程活動(dòng)、降雨、地表水、地下水、溝谷侵蝕、節(jié)理裂隙、洞穴、凍土與積雪融化、土壤鹽漬化等因素的影響。研究區(qū)主要發(fā)育了四類滑坡:溝谷滑坡、窯洞滑坡、地震滑坡及公路切坡滑坡。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果顯示:溝谷滑坡占38.70%,窯洞切坡滑坡占56.89%,地震滑坡占1.07%,公路切坡滑坡占3.34%。坡向上看0~90°占24.04%,90~180°占24.93%,180~270°占36.36%,270~360°占14.66%。在規(guī)模上小型滑坡56.59%,中型滑坡占43.41%,無(wú)大型及以上滑坡。從厚度上看淺層滑坡95.89%,中層滑坡占4.11%,無(wú)厚層及以上滑坡。研究區(qū)黃土滑坡分布特征分析得到區(qū)內(nèi)黃土滑坡有明顯的時(shí)間分布規(guī)律、空間分布規(guī)律及多期次活動(dòng)特征。時(shí)間分布上集中在4、7兩個(gè)月發(fā)生,空間分布規(guī)律有較強(qiáng)的群集性和分異性,群集主要體現(xiàn)在沿溝谷滑坡分帶明顯,密度大,滑坡群間具有連續(xù)性。分異性主要體現(xiàn)在溝谷常發(fā)生具有統(tǒng)一滑動(dòng)面的黃土層內(nèi)滑坡和黃土層與下伏基巖的切層滑坡。數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算結(jié)果顯示窯洞切坡滑坡所產(chǎn)生的變形破壞與含水率、坡高、坡度和窯洞掘進(jìn)深等因素有密切聯(lián)系,隨著含水率、坡高、坡度和窯洞掘進(jìn)深的增加,窯洞切坡體所受的應(yīng)力向窯洞進(jìn)口頂板部位集中,其范圍為窯洞深度的1/3~2/3,并在不同影響因素的作用下,最終產(chǎn)生變形破壞。公路切坡滑坡在含水率、坡高、坡度的影響下,斜坡體的應(yīng)力向斜坡中上部集中,并且隨著含水率、坡高、坡度的增加其范圍不斷擴(kuò)展,最終產(chǎn)生滑動(dòng)。溝谷滑坡在含水率、坡高、坡度的影響下斜坡體的應(yīng)力主要在坡體中下部集中,且隨著含水率、坡高、坡度的增加,其范圍變大,應(yīng)力變大,尤其是在坡腳區(qū)。
[Abstract]:The western region of Huanxian County has a fragile geological environment and frequent geological disasters, which to a certain extent threaten the safety of local residents' personal and property. Restrict the rapid development of social economy in this area. However, there are abundant wind energy resources in the western region. At present, the region will focus on the development of wind power resources in order to promote the local economic development, wind power engineering will excavate a large number of slopes. The geological hazards in the area will present an aggravating trend, and there will be a greater potential threat to the safety of local residents' lives and property and various kinds of infrastructure. This paper starts with the study of the formation mechanism of loess landslide in this area. Based on 341 different types of landslides investigated, the types, scale and developmental regularity of loess landslides in this area are studied. The formation conditions were analyzed and summarized. The soil mechanics characteristics and failure conditions of loess in the study area were obtained by indoor analysis and test, and combined with field investigation data. Using numerical simulation method to study the formation mechanism of loess landslide, the main conclusions are as follows: in the process of investigation, it is found that there are many factors affecting loess landslide in the study area, including tectonic movement, topography and geomorphology. Stratigraphic lithology, earthquakes, human engineering activities, rainfall, surface water, groundwater, gully erosion, joint fissures, caves, permafrost and snow melt. There are four types of landslides in the study area: gully landslide, cave landslide, earthquake landslide and highway slope landslide. The statistical results show that Gougu landslide accounts for 38.70%. Cave slope landslide accounts for 56.89, earthquake landslide accounts for 1.07, highway slope slope landslide accounts for 3.34.The slope slope is 0.90 擄, 24.040.90 擄and 24.93% 擄. 180 擄, 270 擄, 36.36 擄, 270 擄, 360 擄, 14.66.The scale of the small landslide is 56.59, and the medium-sized landslide accounts for 43.41%. There is no large landslide and above. From the thickness of shallow landslide 95.8910, middle-level landslide accounted for 4.11%. By analyzing the distribution characteristics of loess landslide in the study area, it is found that the loess landslide has obvious temporal distribution, spatial distribution and multi-period activity characteristics. The time distribution is concentrated in 4. In two months, the spatial distribution law has strong clustering and heterogeneity, and the clustering is mainly reflected in the obvious zoning along the gully landslide and the high density. There is continuity between the landslide groups. The difference is mainly reflected in the occurrence of landslides in the loess layer with uniform sliding surface in the gully and in the shearing layer of the loess layer and the lower bedrock. The numerical simulation results show that the landslide in the cave slope is produced by the landslide. Raw deformation, failure and moisture content. With the increase of water content, slope height, slope depth and cave excavation depth, the stress of the slope body is concentrated on the entrance roof of the cave with the increase of the water content, the slope height, the slope depth and the driving depth of the cave, and other factors are closely related to the slope height, the slope degree and the driving depth of the cave. Its range is 1 / 3 / 2 / 3 of cave depth, and under the action of different influence factors, it will eventually produce deformation and failure. The slope slope landslide is affected by water content, slope height and slope gradient. The stress of slope body is concentrated on the middle and upper part of the slope, and with the increase of water content, slope height and slope gradient, the range of slope is continuously expanded, and finally sliding. The gully landslide in water content, slope height. Under the influence of slope, the stress of the slope is mainly concentrated in the middle and lower part of the slope, and with the increase of water content, slope height and gradient, the range and stress of the slope become larger, especially at the bottom of the slope.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P642.22

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