發(fā)布時間：2018-02-23 20:38

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 相變蓄熱 夜間通風(fēng) 熱響應(yīng) 熱舒適度 節(jié)電率　出處：《南京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展帶來了能源的大量消耗,隨之眾多節(jié)能技術(shù)也如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)出來,其中相伴變材料運(yùn)用于建筑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)中便是其中之一,然而相變材料在研究與使用中發(fā)現(xiàn)存在熱堆積問題,即晝夜吸放熱不平衡,導(dǎo)致第二天相變材料蓄熱能力大打折扣。本文以南京地區(qū)南外墻為研究對象,選取南京夏季“三伏”期中7月20日一7月24日的綜合溫度,作為室外計算溫度,以這5天的室外綜合溫度為一個周期,以3周期為一組進(jìn)行研究討論。最初,利用Matlab軟件基于顯熱容法模型利用有限體積法對相變通風(fēng)墻(構(gòu)造A-—相變石膏置于三排孔空心砌塊內(nèi)孔中,外孔中為空氣；構(gòu)造B—相變石膏置于三排孔空心砌塊外孔中,內(nèi)孔中為空氣；)在不同通風(fēng)流速下的傳熱過程進(jìn)行了編程模擬,對之后的實驗過程做一定的指導(dǎo)。實驗運(yùn)用熱箱法進(jìn)行,可編程控制儀模擬出室外環(huán)境,室內(nèi)其他表面絕熱,相變通風(fēng)墻堆砌于試件架上,其底部與頂部分別開有進(jìn)出風(fēng)口,進(jìn)風(fēng)口與離心式無極變頻風(fēng)機(jī)相連,相變通風(fēng)墻內(nèi)外表面均布置熱電偶與熱流計實時監(jiān)控。該實驗研究與分析了相變通風(fēng)蓄能砌體南外墻不同構(gòu)造(構(gòu)造A與構(gòu)造B)時,夜間通風(fēng)風(fēng)速變化對熱響應(yīng)的影響。結(jié)果表明：相變材料置于空心砌塊內(nèi)側(cè)時優(yōu)于外置,內(nèi)置時墻體內(nèi)表面溫度波最大振幅僅為外置時的55.9%；構(gòu)造A與構(gòu)造B的最佳流速均為2m/s,且墻體內(nèi)表面溫度波最小振幅以及最大延遲系數(shù)分別為1.74℃C、8h和3.72℃C、7h,較之不通風(fēng),當(dāng)量熱阻分別增大了115.8%和88.6%,流入室內(nèi)熱量分別減少了38.2%和29.3%。得實驗數(shù)據(jù)之后,所編程序的正確性也能得到驗證,構(gòu)造A與構(gòu)造B在2m/s的通風(fēng)流速下墻體內(nèi)表面溫度的相對誤差分別為3.9%與4.5%,均小于誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5%。與此同時,運(yùn)用該程序分別對構(gòu)造C(相變石膏置于三排孔空心砌塊內(nèi)孔中,外孔中為發(fā)泡聚苯乙烯)與構(gòu)造D(相變石膏置于三排孔空心砌塊外孔中,內(nèi)孔中為發(fā)泡聚苯乙烯)進(jìn)行了模擬分析。所得結(jié)論：構(gòu)造C與D的最佳流速亦為2m/s,此時墻體內(nèi)表面最小振幅、最大延遲系數(shù)分別為1.91。C、8h與4.07℃C、7h,且構(gòu)造C墻體內(nèi)表面溫度最大振幅為3.94℃C,僅為構(gòu)造D的50.5%,較之不通風(fēng),當(dāng)量熱阻分別增大了93.2%和79.6%,流入室內(nèi)的熱量分別減少了35.6%和23.7%；最后,對這四種構(gòu)造不同通風(fēng)流速下的室內(nèi)熱舒適度以及節(jié)能型亦做了分析。室內(nèi)熱舒適度評價借用“預(yù)計平均熱感覺指數(shù)(PMV)”和“預(yù)計不滿意者的百分?jǐn)?shù)(PPD)”,而節(jié)能性研究最終歸結(jié)為耗電量,節(jié)能率以四種構(gòu)造通風(fēng)流速為Om/s時,空調(diào)制冷至24℃C所需耗電量為參比對象。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在相同氣候條件下,相同通風(fēng)流速時,相變石膏內(nèi)置要優(yōu)于外置,對應(yīng)為構(gòu)造A優(yōu)于構(gòu)造B,構(gòu)造C優(yōu)于構(gòu)造D；四種構(gòu)造在最佳流速時不僅室內(nèi)熱舒適度較好,而且總耗電量亦較小,耗電量分別節(jié)省了29.5%、27.1%、28.3%及24.6%。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy has brought a great deal of energy consumption, and many energy-saving technologies have sprung up, among which the concomitant material used in the building envelope structure is one of them. However, in the research and application of phase change materials, it is found that there is a heat accumulation problem, that is, the heat absorption and exothermic imbalance between day and night, which results in a great loss of the heat storage capacity of the phase change materials the next day. In this paper, the south exterior wall of Nanjing area is taken as the research object. The comprehensive temperature of Nanjing summer "three volts" period from July 20th to July 24th was selected as the outdoor calculation temperature. The outdoor comprehensive temperature of these five days was taken as a period and three cycles as a group to carry on the research and discussion. At first, By using Matlab software based on the model of sensible heat capacity method, a finite volume method is used to construct a phase change ventilation wall with A- phase change gypsum in the inner hole of the hollow block with three rows of holes and air in the outer hole, and the structure of the B phase change gypsum is placed in the outer hole of the hollow block with three rows of holes. The heat transfer process under different ventilation velocity is programmed to guide the later experimental process. The experiment is carried out by means of the hot box method. The programmable controller simulates the outdoor environment and other indoor surfaces adiabatic. The phase change ventilation wall is stacked on the test frame, and the bottom and top of the wall are respectively opened with inlet and outlet, and the inlet is connected with the centrifugal stepless variable frequency fan. Thermocouple and heat flow meter are arranged on the inside and outside of phase change ventilation wall. In this experiment, different structures (structure A and structure B) of the south wall of phase change ventilation storage masonry are studied and analyzed. The effect of nocturnal ventilation wind velocity change on the thermal response. The results show that the phase change material is better than the outside when placed on the inner side of the hollow block. The maximum amplitude of the inner surface temperature wave is only 55.9 when the wall is built in, the optimum velocity of structure A and structure B is both 2 m / s, and the minimum amplitude and maximum delay coefficient of the inner surface temperature wave of the wall are 1.74 鈩，

本文編號：1527534