本文關(guān)鍵詞： 混凝土外加劑 聚羧酸減水劑 生產(chǎn)成本 硬脂酸鹽　出處：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：混凝土外加劑對(duì)于工程建設(shè)的貢獻(xiàn)巨大。在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家中,70%-80%的高性能混凝土均使用外加劑,有些甚至已達(dá)到100%。減水劑作為外加劑的一種,也發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用。近年來,國(guó)內(nèi)外針對(duì)減水劑的研究工作取得了很大進(jìn)展,各國(guó)行業(yè)專家不斷研制出各種減水劑,并將其復(fù)配應(yīng)用,效果顯著。聚羧酸高效減水劑因其低摻量、低坍落度損失、高減水率和不受摻加時(shí)間影響等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為當(dāng)今世界綜合性能最優(yōu)、應(yīng)用前景最好的一種減水劑。但是,目前阻礙其迅速發(fā)展的因素之一是生產(chǎn)成本較高,其價(jià)格一直高于傳統(tǒng)的萘系等減水劑。如果建筑工程沒有國(guó)家的強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定,施工方依然會(huì)選用低成本、低性能的減水劑,這樣勢(shì)必會(huì)影響混凝土性能及工程質(zhì)量。另外,聚羧酸減水劑對(duì)水泥、砂、石的敏感度較高,施工性較差。通過研究,使用硬脂酸鹽代替部分聚羧酸主體原料,以解決上述問題。首先,利用相似相容原理,依據(jù)HLB值選出一種表面活性劑,將其與硬脂酸鹽按不同比例混合,用以改善后者同聚羧酸母液的相容性,通過實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)合聚羧酸的固含量及生產(chǎn)成本,找到最優(yōu)配比。然后,添加其他原料,分別復(fù)配制出20組不同比例的新型減水劑。依照國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)定該減水劑的主要化學(xué)成分指標(biāo),同時(shí)對(duì)各化學(xué)物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行了分析,并對(duì)其形成機(jī)理進(jìn)行了探討。依據(jù)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),參照實(shí)驗(yàn)配合比要求,將減水劑摻入混凝土拌合物中,對(duì)混凝土主要物理力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行了測(cè)定,并綜合考慮各項(xiàng)因素,得出最優(yōu)配方。研究結(jié)果顯示,新復(fù)配成功的聚羧酸減水劑不僅可以減少水泥使用量、節(jié)省能源,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益明顯。而且還能夠優(yōu)化混凝土性能,改善施工條件,社會(huì)效益突出。
[Abstract]:Concrete admixtures have made a great contribution to engineering construction. In developed countries, 70% to 80% of high performance concrete uses admixtures, some of which have reached 100%. As an admixture, water reducers also play an extremely important role in recent years. Great progress has been made in the research of water reducing agents at home and abroad. Experts from all over the world have developed various kinds of water reducers and used them in combination with remarkable results. The polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer has lost its slump due to its low content of water reducer. The advantages of high water reducing rate and no influence of mixing time have become a kind of water reducing agent with the best comprehensive performance and the best application prospect in the world today. However, one of the factors hindering its rapid development at present is the high production cost. Its price has always been higher than the traditional naphthalene series water reducer. If the construction project does not have the national mandatory regulation, the construction side will still choose the low cost, the low performance water reducing agent, this will inevitably affect the concrete performance and the engineering quality. In addition, Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer has a high sensitivity to cement, sand and stone, and has poor workability. Through research, stearate is used to replace some of the main materials of polycarboxylic acid in order to solve the above problems. First, the principle of similarity compatibility is used. According to the HLB value, a surfactant was selected and mixed with stearate in different proportions to improve the compatibility of the latter with polycarboxylic acid mother liquor. Through experiments, the optimum proportion was found by combining the solid content and production cost of polycarboxylic acid. By adding other raw materials, 20 groups of new water reducing agents with different proportions were prepared. The main chemical composition indexes of the water reducer were determined according to the national standards, and the reasons for the production of each chemical substance were analyzed. The formation mechanism is discussed. According to the relevant standards and according to the requirements of experimental mix ratio, the water reducing agent is mixed into concrete mixture, the main physical and mechanical properties of concrete are measured, and various factors are considered synthetically. The results show that the new polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent can not only reduce cement usage, save energy, but also optimize the performance of concrete, improve the construction conditions, and the social benefits are outstanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU528.042

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本文編號(hào)：1499132