本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中東鐵路 站區(qū)建筑 站舍 水塔 機車庫 文化特質(zhì)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中東鐵路是指十九世紀末沙俄政府為了掠奪和侵略中國東北,控制遠東地區(qū),而在中國東北修建的鐵路及附屬建筑。其中中東鐵路干線是指從滿洲里到綏芬河之間的鐵路,支線是指從哈爾濱到大連之間的鐵路。沿線的鐵路站區(qū)建筑是服務(wù)于中東鐵路的重要建筑類型,值鐵路落成時,全線共建104個車站(包括臨時的會讓站),其中一等站1個,二等站9個,三等站8個。站區(qū)建筑在中國近代東北地區(qū)已逾百年歷史,它雖曾服務(wù)于對華殖民統(tǒng)治的外國侵略者,同時它也帶來了西方的工業(yè)文明,促進了中國東北地區(qū)近代城市的崛起。通過全面系統(tǒng)的對中東鐵路站區(qū)建筑研究,不僅有利于揭示中東鐵路附屬地建筑特征,還為中東鐵路附屬地其他建筑類型的研究提供借鑒意義。本課題通過筆者對中東鐵路歷史資料的詳細查閱,以及對中東鐵路現(xiàn)存站區(qū)的實地調(diào)研,梳理了中東鐵路站區(qū)的歷史發(fā)展脈絡(luò)和規(guī)劃模式,總結(jié)分析了站區(qū)建筑類型和特征,并對其建筑藝術(shù)特色和文化特質(zhì)進行了深入的探討和研究。中東鐵路站區(qū)建筑主要包括:沿線站舍、水塔、機車庫以及其他站區(qū)構(gòu)筑物。本文首先提出中東鐵路站區(qū)建設(shè)的幾個發(fā)展階段,對各個站區(qū)的選址成因及在不同歷史時期的功能定位進行詳細討論;其次,在建設(shè)站區(qū)的過程中,按其作用的大小分成了不同的等級,不同等級站區(qū)的規(guī)劃模式、站區(qū)建筑的類型和規(guī)模也各有不同。再次,在建筑技術(shù)方面,站區(qū)建筑也具有獨特的結(jié)構(gòu)類型和適應(yīng)寒地氣候的保溫技術(shù)。最后,中東鐵路站區(qū)建筑風(fēng)格多樣,雜糅了俄羅斯田園建筑風(fēng)格、折衷主義建筑風(fēng)格、新藝術(shù)運動建筑風(fēng)格、俄羅斯近代工業(yè)建筑風(fēng)格、中國傳統(tǒng)建筑風(fēng)格以及現(xiàn)代主義建筑風(fēng)格。在中東鐵路時期,多元異族文化以建筑為載體通過多種方式相繼雜糅到中東鐵路附屬建筑中,形成了特定的歷史現(xiàn)象,使其建筑文化品質(zhì)在當(dāng)時精彩紛呈,成為中東鐵路文化線路的重要組成部分。論文以中東鐵路站區(qū)及站區(qū)建筑為研究對象,分別從站區(qū)的選址、規(guī)劃布局、建筑類型、建筑技術(shù)、建筑藝術(shù)以及文化特質(zhì)幾個方面進行分析,從而揭示出站區(qū)建筑在中東鐵路附屬建筑中的重要作用,并為日后的保護工作和學(xué)術(shù)研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The Middle East Railway refers to the end of nineteenth Century the Russian government in order to plunder and aggression in Northeast Chinese, control of the Far East, built in Chinese Northeast Railway and subsidiary buildings. Among them the middle east railway line from Manchuria to Suifenhe is between the railway, from Harbin to Dalian is a branch line railway between. Along the railway station building is an important building type. Service in the Middle East Railway, the value of railway was completed, and 104 stations across the board (including the temporary station, which will allow) a station 1, two station 9, three station 8. Station building for more than one hundred years of history in modern China east north area, although it has served in colonial China the rule of the foreign aggressors, at the same time, it also brought western industrial civilization, promoting the rise of the modern city of northeast Chinese. Through the research on the Middle East Railway Station building of comprehensive system, not only conducive to reveal in the East Road building features subsidiary, also provide a reference for the study of other types of building the Middle East Railway subsidiaries. This topic by the author on the Middle East Railway historical data with inspection and field research on the Middle East Railway Station, the existing middle east railway station, combing the historical development and planning mode, summarizes and analyzes the type and station building and the architectural features, artistic features and cultural characteristics are discussed and studied. The Middle East Railway Station construction mainly includes: along the station house, water tower, garage and other station structures. This paper puts forward several development stages of the Middle East Railway Station building, the location of each station in the origin and function of different the historical period is discussed; secondly, in the process of the construction of the station, according to the size of its function is divided into different levels, different levels of station area planning 妯″紡,绔欏尯寤虹瓚鐨勭被鍨嬪拰瑙勬ā涔熷悇鏈変笉鍚，

本文編號：1483060